經(jīng)濟學(xué)人精讀?The Economist [62]

選自?| January 27 2018 | China |?板塊

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#Eva導(dǎo)讀#

在過去，中國消費者對個人數(shù)據(jù)隱私的重視程度似乎不如其他國家，但是對個人隱私保護的意識的確在逐漸增強。隨著社交媒體和手機app的應(yīng)用，個人信息在未經(jīng)用戶允許或未告知用戶的情況下，被手機app平臺利用，監(jiān)控用戶行為，或與第三方分享，也使得有不法分子利用非法獲取這些個人隱私數(shù)據(jù)謀財。直到去年網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全法案生效，中國法律才開始定義對個人信息進行了定義。

未完待續(xù)…

#以上，個人總結(jié)和理解，歡迎批評指正，歡迎留言討論

#有輸出才有進步

Data privacy[數(shù)據(jù)隱私]

Publicpushback[公眾阻力]

Consumers and tech firms are taking privacy more seriously. The government is not[消費者和科技公司更加嚴(yán)肅地對待隱私。政府并沒有]

XUYUYU was a poor 18-year-old student from the coastal province of Shandong when, on?the eve of going to university in 2016, she was defrauded of the savings that her family had?painstakingly[悉心地，精心地]accumulatedfor her[徐玉玉是來自沿海省份山東省的一名18歲的貧困學(xué)生，2016年在她要上大學(xué)的前一晚，她的家庭悉心為她積攢的學(xué)費被騙走了].?She died of a heart attack that was caused, a court said, by the fraud[法院說，她因受到詐騙而引起心臟病發(fā)作，導(dǎo)致死亡].?MsXu’s fate sparked an?impassioned[熱烈的]debatein China about data privacy because the scammer, Chen Wenhui, had paid a hacker for stealing her personal details[徐女士的遭遇在中國引發(fā)了有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)隱私的激烈爭論，因為詐騙人陳文輝向黑客付錢盜竊了她的個人詳細(xì)資料].?Hewas sentenced to life in jail for theft of private information[他因盜竊個人隱私信息被判無期徒刑].?

China has a reputation for?lax[不嚴(yán)格的，不嚴(yán)厲的]controls over the gathering, storage and use of digital data about individuals[中國在個人電子數(shù)據(jù)的搜集、儲存和使用方面有著管理松懈的名聲].?But sensitivities about such matters are growing, and not just when information is stolen[但是，對這類事件的敏感程度在增加，并且不僅僅是在信息被盜竊的時候].?

This month a court in the eastern city of Nanjing agreed to?hear a case?brought by a government-controlled consumers’ group against Baidu, China’s?largest search engine[這個月，在東部城市南京的一家法院同意審理由政府控制的消費者團體起訴百度的案件，百度是中國最大的搜索引擎].?The group claims that a Baidu app illegally monitors users’ phone calls without telling them[這個團體聲稱百度手機應(yīng)用在沒有告知他們的情況下非法監(jiān)控使用者手機通話].?At the same time, Ant Financial, the financial arm of Alibaba, the country’s largest e-commerce group, apologised for a default setting on its mobile-money app that automatically enrolled customers in a credit-scoring scheme, calledSesame Credit, without users’ consent[與此同時，中國最大電子商務(wù)集團阿里巴巴的金融部門螞蟻金融，為其手機移動應(yīng)用軟件的默認(rèn)設(shè)置道歉，該設(shè)置未經(jīng)用戶同意自動將用戶注冊到叫做芝麻信用的信用評分系統(tǒng)中].?The third of China’s big three internet firms, Tencent, also dealt with a storm of criticism after the head of one of China’s largest car firms said Pony Ma, Tencent’s?founder, “must be watching” all messages on WeChat, the firm’s popular social-media app, “every single day”[中國三大互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司的第三個企業(yè)騰訊，也在處理大量的指責(zé)，因中國最大汽車企業(yè)之一的老板的說騰訊創(chuàng)始人馬化騰“一定在看”微信上“每一天”所有的信息，微信是騰訊最受歡迎的社交媒體軟件].?

Consumers in China have good cause to worry[中國消費者有充分的理由擔(dān)心].?Data collected through one medium can often end up in another[通過一個媒介收集到的數(shù)據(jù)通常會出現(xiàn)在另一個媒介].?Aman who talked on his mobile phone one day about picking strawberries said that when he used his phone the next day to open Toutiao, a news aggregate driven by artificial intelligence (AI), his news was all about strawberries[一位男士有一天在他的手機中談?wù)摿擞嘘P(guān)采摘草莓的信息，當(dāng)?shù)诙焖檬謾C打開頭條時，他的新聞全部都是有關(guān)草莓的，頭條是一個用人工智能驅(qū)動的新聞網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息整合平臺].?His post on the experience went viral in January[1月份，他發(fā)布的這個經(jīng)歷受到的廣泛關(guān)注].?Toutiaodenied it was snooping but?conceded[承認(rèn)], blandly, that the story revealed a growing public “awareness of privacy”[頭條否認(rèn)它在窺探，但是，溫和的承認(rèn)了這個古樹揭露了大眾“隱私意識”的增強].?

Culturalevolution[文化發(fā)展]

Anxiety about it is indeed growing, but from a low base[關(guān)于這一點的焦慮確實在增長，但是起點很低].?The Chinese word for privacy,yinsi, has a negativeconnotation[隱含意義]ofsecrecy[中文中的“隱私”有不好的秘密隱含意義].?Things that in the West aretaboo[忌諱的]in conversation betweenstrangers—for example, asking about the other person’s salary—are often discussed in China[].?

Such traditions inform behaviour in the digital world[比如，詢問其他人的薪水，在西方國家陌生人對話中忌諱的東西，在中國是經(jīng)常被談?wù)摰腯.?TheBoston Consulting Group says that in a dozen countries it surveyed in 2013, three-quarters?of respondents outside China stated that caution was necessary when sharing personal information online[波士頓咨詢公司稱聲，2013年其調(diào)查的十幾個國家中，中國之外四分之三的回復(fù)者認(rèn)為在網(wǎng)上分享個人信息時是需要引起注意的].?But only half of those polled in China agreed[但是，在中國僅有一半的人這么認(rèn)為].?In2015Harvard Business Review, a journal, tried to estimate what value people in different countries attached to personal data[2015年哈弗商業(yè)評論期刊嘗試估計不同國家的人對個人數(shù)據(jù)的持以什么樣的重視程度].?It found that Chinese would pay less to protect data from their government-issued identification cards and credit cards than people from America, Britain andGermany[結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國人相比于美國人，英國人和德國人，對政府發(fā)行的身份證件和信用卡數(shù)據(jù)的保護最少].?Morethan 60% of respondents in a large survey conducted byChina Youth Daily, a?state-owned newspaper, said that the default settings in their mobile apps allowed their personal information to be shared with third parties[國有報刊中國青年報的一項大型調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn)，超過60%的回復(fù)者說他們手機應(yīng)用中的默認(rèn)設(shè)置允許他們的個人信息被第三方分享].?Chinese law did not define what counts as personal information until a cyber-security bill took effect last year[直到去年網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全法案生效，中國法律才開始定義什么算作是個人信息].?

Jan29 | 553 words

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