詞匯：
elicit
VERB
動(dòng)詞引起;引出If youelicita response or a reaction, you do or say something which makes other people respond or react.
【語法信息】：V n
Mr Norris said he was hopeful that his request wouldelicita positive response...
諾里斯先生說希望他的請(qǐng)求能夠引起積極反響。
elate
vt.?elated,elating[< L?elatus, pp. ofefferre, to bring out, lift up <ex-, out +ferre]
to raise the spirits of; make very proud, happy, or joyful
He was greatly elated by success.
他因獲得成功而得意洋洋。
banish
消除；排除；擺脫If you?banish?something unpleasant, you get rid of it.
【語法信息】：V n
...a public investment programme intended tobanishthe recession.
旨在擺脫經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的公共投資項(xiàng)目
...diseases like malaria that have beenbanished for centuries.
已經(jīng)被根除數(shù)世紀(jì)之久的瘧疾之類的疾病
總結(jié)
作為文學(xué)的非虛構(gòu)寫作：文學(xué)在從前被定義為小說、詩(shī)歌，但是現(xiàn)在的讀者看得更多的是非虛構(gòu)作品，而練習(xí)寫作最好的路徑就是非虛構(gòu)寫作。我們更愿意寫自己知道的事、關(guān)心的事，動(dòng)力是寫作的核心。好的寫作不分形式。
訪談：在寫一件事物時(shí)，訪談相關(guān)的人，會(huì)讓文章更生動(dòng)。Zinsser說，“my story, though ostensibly the chronicle of an institution, was really a story about people.”那些動(dòng)人的故事都是與人有關(guān)的故事，你懷念一個(gè)地方，懷念那里的草木，懷念度過的時(shí)光，是因?yàn)楸藭r(shí)彼地出現(xiàn)在你生活里的人。
好的非虛構(gòu)作家必須解鎖人們的記憶?，而最好的實(shí)踐方式是出去采訪人。采訪本身就是最受歡迎的非虛構(gòu)形式之一，因此應(yīng)該盡早掌握。
如何開始采訪：
1.決定采訪什么人：選擇那些會(huì)觸動(dòng)讀者的人。
2.訪談是可以通過實(shí)踐提高的技能。雖然大部分是機(jī)械的技能，但你還要知道如何使受訪者放松、何時(shí)推進(jìn)、何時(shí)傾聽、何時(shí)停止。
3.時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備好基本工具：紙筆。筆記本要在需要時(shí)才拿出來。
4.沒做功課，不要采訪。（現(xiàn)在很多訪談都這樣，事先功課沒做好，問的問題都很膚淺，受訪者覺得不受尊重，觀眾也覺得毫無深度。）
5.將可能問的問題列成清單。
6.不要對(duì)采訪心存恐懼。Most men and women leads lives, if not of quiet desperation,at least of desperate quietness, and they jump at a chance to talk about their work to an outsider who seems eager to listen. 這句話大概來自于梭羅，原話是The massof men lead lives of quiet desperation.之后梭羅又說，What is called resignationis confirmed desperation.A stereotyped but unconscious despair is concealed even under what are called the games and amusements of mankind. There is no play in them, for this comes after work. But it is a characteristic of wisdom not to do desperate things.
7.遠(yuǎn)離錄音機(jī)。除非受訪者的用詞是自身文化獨(dú)有，你得用錄音機(jī)錄下來反復(fù)斟酌。
8.記筆記：跟不上的時(shí)候讓受訪者停一下；學(xué)會(huì)速記。
9.整合要點(diǎn)，保證真實(shí)。
