Spring Boot讀取配置文件
1)通過注入ApplicationContext 或者 Environment對象來讀取配置文件里的配置信息。
package com.ivan.config.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class ConfigController {
@Autowired
ApplicationContext context;
@Autowired
Environment environment;
@RequestMapping(value="/config", method={RequestMethod.GET})
public String getConfigContent(){
String name = context.getEnvironment().getProperty("db.user.name");
return name;
}
@RequestMapping(value="/configEnv", method={RequestMethod.GET})
public String getConfigEnvironment(){
String name = environment.getProperty("db.user.name");
return name;
}
}
2)通過@ConfigurationProperties配合@PropertySource讀取配置文件里的配置信息。
1:通過@PropertySource指定當(dāng)前類里屬性的配置文件地址,ConfigurationProperties可以指定配置的前綴,@Configuration用于定義一個配置類:
package com.ivan.config.entity;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:config/druid.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "druid")
public class DruidConfig {
private int initialSize;
private int minIdle;
private int maxActive;
private int maxWait;
private String validationQuery;
private boolean testWhileIdle;
private boolean testOnBorrow;
private boolean testOnReturn;
public int getInitialSize() {
return initialSize;
}
public void setInitialSize(int initialSize) {
this.initialSize = initialSize;
}
public int getMinIdle() {
return minIdle;
}
public void setMinIdle(int minIdle) {
this.minIdle = minIdle;
}
public int getMaxActive() {
return maxActive;
}
public void setMaxActive(int maxActive) {
this.maxActive = maxActive;
}
public int getMaxWait() {
return maxWait;
}
public void setMaxWait(int maxWait) {
this.maxWait = maxWait;
}
public String getValidationQuery() {
return validationQuery;
}
public void setValidationQuery(String validationQuery) {
this.validationQuery = validationQuery;
}
public boolean isTestWhileIdle() {
return testWhileIdle;
}
public void setTestWhileIdle(boolean testWhileIdle) {
this.testWhileIdle = testWhileIdle;
}
public boolean isTestOnBorrow() {
return testOnBorrow;
}
public void setTestOnBorrow(boolean testOnBorrow) {
this.testOnBorrow = testOnBorrow;
}
public boolean isTestOnReturn() {
return testOnReturn;
}
public void setTestOnReturn(boolean testOnReturn) {
this.testOnReturn = testOnReturn;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "DruidConfig [initialSize=" + initialSize + ", minIdle=" + minIdle + ", maxActive=" + maxActive + ", maxWait=" + maxWait + ", validationQuery=" + validationQuery + ", testWhileIdle=" + testWhileIdle + ", testOnBorrow=" + testOnBorrow + ", testOnReturn=" + testOnReturn + "]";
}
}
2:對應(yīng)的配置文件:
druid.initialSize=5
druid.minIdle=5
druid.maxActive=20
druid.maxWait=60000
druid.validationQuery=select 'x'
druid.testWhileIdle=true
druid.testOnBorrow=true
druid.testOnReturn=true
3:在需要用到的類通過@Autowired注入
package com.ivan.config.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.ivan.config.entity.DruidConfig;
@RestController
public class DruidConfigController {
@Autowired
public DruidConfig druidConfig;
@RequestMapping(value="/druidConfig", method={RequestMethod.GET})
public String getDruidConfig(){
return druidConfig.toString();
}
}
3)通過@Value注解
1:需要得到配置屬性的類如下,可以在任何需要得到配置的地方用@Value注解
package com.ivan.config.entity;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class ValueTest {
@Value("${db.user.name}")
private String username;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
}
2:測試Controller類通過@Autowired注入實(shí)體類
package com.ivan.config.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.ivan.config.entity.ValueTest;
@RestController
public class ValueController {
@Autowired
private ValueTest value;
@RequestMapping(value="/configValue", method={RequestMethod.GET})
public String getConfig(){
return value.getUsername();
}
}
Spring boot 配置文件優(yōu)先級:
1:命令行參數(shù)。(以--開頭的參數(shù),比如可以設(shè)置:--server.port對同一套代碼設(shè)置不同的參數(shù))
2: 通過 System.getProperties() 獲取的 Java 系統(tǒng)參數(shù)。
linux下設(shè)置的java_opts 能通過System.getPropeties取到
##里面的轉(zhuǎn)義字符
JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -Dspring.datasource.username=root -Dspring.datasource.password=root-Dspring.datasource.?url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mark?useUnicode\=true\&characterEncoding\=utf-8\&useSSL\=false"
3:操作系統(tǒng)環(huán)境變量(這解釋了為什么你通過application.properties設(shè)置的user.name取的是系統(tǒng)的用戶名了)
4:從 java:comp/env 得到的 JNDI 屬性。
5: 應(yīng)用 Jar 文件之外的屬性文件(系統(tǒng)的application.properties文件)
6:應(yīng)用 Jar 文件內(nèi)部的屬性文件。
7: 在應(yīng)用配置 Java 類(包含“@Configuration”注解的 Java 類)中通過“@PropertySource”注解聲明的屬性文件。
8: 通過“SpringApplication.setDefaultProperties”聲明的默認(rèn)屬性。
PropertiesFactoryBean PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer 區(qū)別
- PropertiesFactoryBean:用來管理Properties文件。
- PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer :用來解決spring xml文件里定義的bean屬性的占位符問題。
- 在使用@Value進(jìn)行屬性注入的時候,PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer 時, @Value表達(dá)式的用法是:
@Value(value="${properties key}")
而PropertiesFactoryBean使用@Value表達(dá)式的用法是:
@Value(value="#{configProperties['properties key']}")