UIPasteboard

在iOS中,UITextField、UITextView和UIWebView等都有復制粘貼等功能。而其她控件卻沒有集成這些方便操作的功能。下面我將通過對粘貼板UIPasteboard這個類來詳細說明在iOS中粘貼板的使用方法。

1、剪切板管理類UIPasteboard詳解

UIPasteboard類有3個初始化方法,如下:

//獲取系統(tǒng)級別的剪切板

+ (UIPasteboard *)generalPasteboard;

//獲取一個自定義的剪切板 name參數(shù)為此剪切板的名稱 create參數(shù)用于設置當這個剪切板不存在時 是否進行創(chuàng)建

+ (nullable UIPasteboard *)pasteboardWithName:(NSString *)pasteboardName create:(BOOL)create;

//獲取一個應用內可用的剪切板

+ (UIPasteboard *)pasteboardWithUniqueName;

上面3個初始化方法,分別獲取或創(chuàng)建3個級別不同的剪切板,下面我們詳解一下在什么情況下用哪種初始化方法

+ (UIPasteboard *)generalPasteboard;系統(tǒng)級別的剪切板在整個設備中共享,即是應用程序被刪掉,其向系統(tǒng)級的剪切板中寫入的數(shù)據(jù)依然在。

+ (nullable UIPasteboard *)pasteboardWithName:(NSString *)pasteboardName create:(BOOL)create;自定義的剪切板通過一個特定的名稱字符串進行創(chuàng)建,它在應用程序內或者同一開發(fā)者開發(fā)的其他應用程序中可以進行數(shù)據(jù)共享。舉個例子:比如你開發(fā)了多款應用,用戶全部下載了,在A應用中用戶拷貝了一些數(shù)據(jù)(為了數(shù)據(jù)安全,不用系統(tǒng)級別的Pasteboard),在打開B應用時就會自動識別,提高用戶體驗。

+ (UIPasteboard *)pasteboardWithUniqueName;第3個方法創(chuàng)建的剪切板等價為使用第2個方法創(chuàng)建的剪切板,只是其名稱字符串為nil,它通常用于當前應用內部。(當然也可以跨應用使用,但必須Bundle Identifier 例com.maoshaoqian.** 星號前部一樣)

注意:使用第3個方法創(chuàng)建的剪切板默認是不進行數(shù)據(jù)持久化的,及當應用程序退出后,剪切板中內容將別抹去。若要實現(xiàn)持久化,需要設置persistent屬性為YES。

下面我們來看一下UIPasteboard的常用屬性

//剪切板的名稱

@property(readonly,nonatomic) NSString *name;

//根據(jù)名稱刪除一個剪切板

+ (void)removePasteboardWithName:(NSString *)pasteboardName;

//是否進行持久化

@property(getter=isPersistent,nonatomic) BOOL persistent;

//此剪切板的改變次數(shù) 系統(tǒng)級別的剪切板只有當設備重新啟動時 這個值才會清零

@property(readonly,nonatomic) NSInteger changeCount;

UIPasteboard數(shù)據(jù)類型判斷及其存取

//獲取剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)的類型

- (NSArray *)pasteboardTypes;

//獲取剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對象是否包含某一類型的數(shù)據(jù)

- (BOOL)containsPasteboardTypes:(NSArray *)pasteboardTypes;

//將剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對象某一類型的數(shù)據(jù)取出

- (nullable NSData *)dataForPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType;

//將剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對象某一類型的值取出

- (nullable id)valueForPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType;

//為剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對應的某一數(shù)據(jù)類型設置值

- (void)setValue:(id)value forPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType;

//為剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對應的某一數(shù)據(jù)類型設置數(shù)據(jù)

- (void)setData:(NSData *)data forPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType;

多組數(shù)據(jù)對象的存?。?/p>

//數(shù)據(jù)組數(shù)

@property(readonly,nonatomic) NSInteger numberOfItems;

//獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)對象包含的數(shù)據(jù)類型

- (nullable NSArray *)pasteboardTypesForItemSet:(nullable NSIndexSet*)itemSet;

//獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)對象中是否包含某些數(shù)據(jù)類型

- (BOOL)containsPasteboardTypes:(NSArray *)pasteboardTypes inItemSet:(nullable NSIndexSet *)itemSet;

//根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)類型獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)對象

- (nullable NSIndexSet *)itemSetWithPasteboardTypes:(NSArray *)pasteboardTypes;

//根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)類型獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)的值

- (nullable NSArray *)valuesForPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType inItemSet:(nullable NSIndexSet *)itemSet;

//根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)類型獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)的NSData數(shù)據(jù)

- (nullable NSArray *)dataForPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType inItemSet:(nullable NSIndexSet *)itemSet;

//所有數(shù)據(jù)對象

@property(nonatomic,copy) NSArray *items;

//添加一組數(shù)據(jù)對象

- (void)addItems:(NSArray *> *)items;

上面方法中很多需要傳入數(shù)據(jù)類型參數(shù),這些參數(shù)是系統(tǒng)定義好的一些字符竄,如下:

//所有字符串類型數(shù)據(jù)的類型定義字符串數(shù)組

UIKIT_EXTERN NSArray *UIPasteboardTypeListString;

//所有URL類型數(shù)據(jù)的類型定義字符串數(shù)組

UIKIT_EXTERN NSArray *UIPasteboardTypeListURL;

//所有圖片數(shù)據(jù)的類型定義字符串數(shù)據(jù)

UIKIT_EXTERN NSArray *UIPasteboardTypeListImage;

//所有顏色數(shù)據(jù)的類型定義字符串數(shù)組

UIKIT_EXTERN NSArray *UIPasteboardTypeListColor;

相比于上面兩組方法,下面這些方法更加面向對象,在開發(fā)中使用更加方便與快捷:

//獲取或設置剪切板中的字符串數(shù)據(jù)

@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSString *string;

//獲取或設置剪切板中的字符串數(shù)組

@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSArray *strings;

//獲取或設置剪切板中的URL數(shù)據(jù)

@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSURL *URL;

//獲取或設置剪切板中的URL數(shù)組

@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSArray *URLs;

//獲取或s何止剪切板中的圖片數(shù)據(jù)

@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) UIImage *image;

//獲取或設置剪切板中的圖片數(shù)組

@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSArray *images;

//獲取或設置剪切板中的顏色數(shù)據(jù)

@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) UIColor *color;

//獲取或設置剪切板中的顏色數(shù)組

@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSArray *colors;

//部分代碼參考

- (BOOL)canBecomeFirstResponder {

return YES;

}

- (BOOL)canPerformAction:(SEL)action withSender:(id)sender {

//action 會返回很多,想用哪個就寫那個(action == @selector(cut:) )

return (action == @selector(copy:) || action == @selector(paste:) );

}

-(void)copy:(id)sender{

UIPasteboard* pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];

[pasteboard setImage:self.image];

if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(transSomeTing:)]) {

[self.delegate transSomeTing:pasteboard.image];

NSLog(@"%@",self.image);

}

NSLog(@"您點擊的是拷貝%@",pasteboard.items);

}

-(void)paste:(id)sender{

UIPasteboard* pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];

UIImage *image = [pasteboard image];

if (image) {

self.image = image;

}

NSLog(@"您點擊的是粘貼");

}

- (void)cut:(id)sender {

UIPasteboard *pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];

[pasteboard setImage:self.image];

NSLog(@"您點擊的是剪切");

}

- (void)select:(id)sender {

NSLog(@"您點擊的是選擇");

}

-(void)selectAll:(id)sender {

NSLog(@"您點擊的是全選");

}

對剪切板的某些操作會觸發(fā)如下通知:

//剪切板內容發(fā)生變化時發(fā)送的通知

UIKIT_EXTERN NSString *const UIPasteboardChangedNotification;

//剪切板數(shù)據(jù)類型鍵值增加時發(fā)送的通知

UIKIT_EXTERN NSString *const UIPasteboardChangedTypesAddedKey;

//剪切板數(shù)據(jù)類型鍵值移除時發(fā)送的通知

UIKIT_EXTERN NSString *const UIPasteboardChangedTypesRemovedKey;

//剪切板被刪除時發(fā)送的通知

UIKIT_EXTERN NSString *const UIPasteboardRemovedNotification;

//使用舉例

//當剪切板被刪除時,監(jiān)聽通知,可處理相應事件;

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(menuControllerWillHide) name:UIPasteboardRemovedNotification object:nil];

2、剪切板管理類UIPasteboard具體使用

我們以系統(tǒng)粘貼板+ (UIPasteboard *)generalPasteboard;來舉例子

我們給UIImageView添加復制粘貼事件

//

//? ViewController.m

//? Practice_UIPasteboard

#import "ViewController.h"

#import "PasteboardLabel.h"

#import "PasteboardImageView.h"

#import

@interface ViewController ()

@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet PasteboardImageView *leftImageView;

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {

[super viewDidLoad];

self.leftLabel.userInteractionEnabled = YES;

//用于監(jiān)聽 UIMenuController的變化

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(menuControllerWillShow) name:UIMenuControllerWillShowMenuNotification object:nil];

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(menuControllerWillHide) name:UIMenuControllerWillHideMenuNotification object:nil];

// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

}

- (IBAction)longPressGestureAction:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)sender {

//要將圖片變?yōu)榈谝豁憫?,而且要把圖片設為**可交換狀態(tài)**

[self.leftImageView becomeFirstResponder];

self.leftImageView.userInteractionEnabled = YES;

self.leftImageView.delegate = self;

UIMenuController *menuController = [UIMenuController sharedMenuController];

[menuController setTargetRect:self.leftImageView.frame inView:self.view];

[menuController setMenuVisible:YES animated:YES];

}

}

//? PasteboardImageView.m

//? Practice_UIPasteboard

#import "PasteboardImageView.h"

@implementation PasteboardImageView

//這個方法不能少

- (BOOL)canBecomeFirstResponder {

return YES;

}

- (BOOL)canPerformAction:(SEL)action withSender:(id)sender {

return (action == @selector(copy:) || action == @selector(paste:) );

}

-(void)copy:(id)sender{

UIPasteboard* pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];

[pasteboard setImage:self.image];

if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(transSomeTing:)]) {

[self.delegate transSomeTing:pasteboard.image];

NSLog(@"%@",self.image);

}

NSLog(@"您點擊的是拷貝%@",pasteboard.items);

}

-(void)paste:(id)sender{

UIPasteboard* pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];

UIImage *image = [pasteboard image];

if (image) {

self.image = image;

}

NSLog(@"您點擊的是粘貼");

}

/*

// Only override drawRect: if you perform custom drawing.

// An empty implementation adversely affects performance during animation.

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {

// Drawing code

}

@end

參考來自:作者山水域 ?http://www.itdecent.cn/p/a6d2e46329f8






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