在iOS中,UITextField、UITextView和UIWebView等都有復制粘貼等功能。而其她控件卻沒有集成這些方便操作的功能。下面我將通過對粘貼板UIPasteboard這個類來詳細說明在iOS中粘貼板的使用方法。
1、剪切板管理類UIPasteboard詳解
UIPasteboard類有3個初始化方法,如下:
//獲取系統(tǒng)級別的剪切板
+ (UIPasteboard *)generalPasteboard;
//獲取一個自定義的剪切板 name參數(shù)為此剪切板的名稱 create參數(shù)用于設置當這個剪切板不存在時 是否進行創(chuàng)建
+ (nullable UIPasteboard *)pasteboardWithName:(NSString *)pasteboardName create:(BOOL)create;
//獲取一個應用內可用的剪切板
+ (UIPasteboard *)pasteboardWithUniqueName;
上面3個初始化方法,分別獲取或創(chuàng)建3個級別不同的剪切板,下面我們詳解一下在什么情況下用哪種初始化方法
+ (UIPasteboard *)generalPasteboard;系統(tǒng)級別的剪切板在整個設備中共享,即是應用程序被刪掉,其向系統(tǒng)級的剪切板中寫入的數(shù)據(jù)依然在。
+ (nullable UIPasteboard *)pasteboardWithName:(NSString *)pasteboardName create:(BOOL)create;自定義的剪切板通過一個特定的名稱字符串進行創(chuàng)建,它在應用程序內或者同一開發(fā)者開發(fā)的其他應用程序中可以進行數(shù)據(jù)共享。舉個例子:比如你開發(fā)了多款應用,用戶全部下載了,在A應用中用戶拷貝了一些數(shù)據(jù)(為了數(shù)據(jù)安全,不用系統(tǒng)級別的Pasteboard),在打開B應用時就會自動識別,提高用戶體驗。
+ (UIPasteboard *)pasteboardWithUniqueName;第3個方法創(chuàng)建的剪切板等價為使用第2個方法創(chuàng)建的剪切板,只是其名稱字符串為nil,它通常用于當前應用內部。(當然也可以跨應用使用,但必須Bundle Identifier 例com.maoshaoqian.** 星號前部一樣)
注意:使用第3個方法創(chuàng)建的剪切板默認是不進行數(shù)據(jù)持久化的,及當應用程序退出后,剪切板中內容將別抹去。若要實現(xiàn)持久化,需要設置persistent屬性為YES。
下面我們來看一下UIPasteboard的常用屬性
//剪切板的名稱
@property(readonly,nonatomic) NSString *name;
//根據(jù)名稱刪除一個剪切板
+ (void)removePasteboardWithName:(NSString *)pasteboardName;
//是否進行持久化
@property(getter=isPersistent,nonatomic) BOOL persistent;
//此剪切板的改變次數(shù) 系統(tǒng)級別的剪切板只有當設備重新啟動時 這個值才會清零
@property(readonly,nonatomic) NSInteger changeCount;
UIPasteboard數(shù)據(jù)類型判斷及其存取
//獲取剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)的類型
- (NSArray *)pasteboardTypes;
//獲取剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對象是否包含某一類型的數(shù)據(jù)
- (BOOL)containsPasteboardTypes:(NSArray *)pasteboardTypes;
//將剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對象某一類型的數(shù)據(jù)取出
- (nullable NSData *)dataForPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType;
//將剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對象某一類型的值取出
- (nullable id)valueForPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType;
//為剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對應的某一數(shù)據(jù)類型設置值
- (void)setValue:(id)value forPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType;
//為剪切板中最新數(shù)據(jù)對應的某一數(shù)據(jù)類型設置數(shù)據(jù)
- (void)setData:(NSData *)data forPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType;
多組數(shù)據(jù)對象的存?。?/p>
//數(shù)據(jù)組數(shù)
@property(readonly,nonatomic) NSInteger numberOfItems;
//獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)對象包含的數(shù)據(jù)類型
- (nullable NSArray *)pasteboardTypesForItemSet:(nullable NSIndexSet*)itemSet;
//獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)對象中是否包含某些數(shù)據(jù)類型
- (BOOL)containsPasteboardTypes:(NSArray *)pasteboardTypes inItemSet:(nullable NSIndexSet *)itemSet;
//根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)類型獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)對象
- (nullable NSIndexSet *)itemSetWithPasteboardTypes:(NSArray *)pasteboardTypes;
//根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)類型獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)的值
- (nullable NSArray *)valuesForPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType inItemSet:(nullable NSIndexSet *)itemSet;
//根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)類型獲取一組數(shù)據(jù)的NSData數(shù)據(jù)
- (nullable NSArray *)dataForPasteboardType:(NSString *)pasteboardType inItemSet:(nullable NSIndexSet *)itemSet;
//所有數(shù)據(jù)對象
@property(nonatomic,copy) NSArray *items;
//添加一組數(shù)據(jù)對象
- (void)addItems:(NSArray *> *)items;
上面方法中很多需要傳入數(shù)據(jù)類型參數(shù),這些參數(shù)是系統(tǒng)定義好的一些字符竄,如下:
//所有字符串類型數(shù)據(jù)的類型定義字符串數(shù)組
UIKIT_EXTERN NSArray *UIPasteboardTypeListString;
//所有URL類型數(shù)據(jù)的類型定義字符串數(shù)組
UIKIT_EXTERN NSArray *UIPasteboardTypeListURL;
//所有圖片數(shù)據(jù)的類型定義字符串數(shù)據(jù)
UIKIT_EXTERN NSArray *UIPasteboardTypeListImage;
//所有顏色數(shù)據(jù)的類型定義字符串數(shù)組
UIKIT_EXTERN NSArray *UIPasteboardTypeListColor;
相比于上面兩組方法,下面這些方法更加面向對象,在開發(fā)中使用更加方便與快捷:
//獲取或設置剪切板中的字符串數(shù)據(jù)
@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSString *string;
//獲取或設置剪切板中的字符串數(shù)組
@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSArray *strings;
//獲取或設置剪切板中的URL數(shù)據(jù)
@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSURL *URL;
//獲取或設置剪切板中的URL數(shù)組
@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSArray *URLs;
//獲取或s何止剪切板中的圖片數(shù)據(jù)
@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) UIImage *image;
//獲取或設置剪切板中的圖片數(shù)組
@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSArray *images;
//獲取或設置剪切板中的顏色數(shù)據(jù)
@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) UIColor *color;
//獲取或設置剪切板中的顏色數(shù)組
@property(nullable,nonatomic,copy) NSArray *colors;
//部分代碼參考
- (BOOL)canBecomeFirstResponder {
return YES;
}
- (BOOL)canPerformAction:(SEL)action withSender:(id)sender {
//action 會返回很多,想用哪個就寫那個(action == @selector(cut:) )
return (action == @selector(copy:) || action == @selector(paste:) );
}
-(void)copy:(id)sender{
UIPasteboard* pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];
[pasteboard setImage:self.image];
if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(transSomeTing:)]) {
[self.delegate transSomeTing:pasteboard.image];
NSLog(@"%@",self.image);
}
NSLog(@"您點擊的是拷貝%@",pasteboard.items);
}
-(void)paste:(id)sender{
UIPasteboard* pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];
UIImage *image = [pasteboard image];
if (image) {
self.image = image;
}
NSLog(@"您點擊的是粘貼");
}
- (void)cut:(id)sender {
UIPasteboard *pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];
[pasteboard setImage:self.image];
NSLog(@"您點擊的是剪切");
}
- (void)select:(id)sender {
NSLog(@"您點擊的是選擇");
}
-(void)selectAll:(id)sender {
NSLog(@"您點擊的是全選");
}
對剪切板的某些操作會觸發(fā)如下通知:
//剪切板內容發(fā)生變化時發(fā)送的通知
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString *const UIPasteboardChangedNotification;
//剪切板數(shù)據(jù)類型鍵值增加時發(fā)送的通知
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString *const UIPasteboardChangedTypesAddedKey;
//剪切板數(shù)據(jù)類型鍵值移除時發(fā)送的通知
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString *const UIPasteboardChangedTypesRemovedKey;
//剪切板被刪除時發(fā)送的通知
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString *const UIPasteboardRemovedNotification;
//使用舉例
//當剪切板被刪除時,監(jiān)聽通知,可處理相應事件;
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(menuControllerWillHide) name:UIPasteboardRemovedNotification object:nil];
2、剪切板管理類UIPasteboard具體使用
我們以系統(tǒng)粘貼板+ (UIPasteboard *)generalPasteboard;來舉例子
我們給UIImageView添加復制粘貼事件
//
//? ViewController.m
//? Practice_UIPasteboard
#import "ViewController.h"
#import "PasteboardLabel.h"
#import "PasteboardImageView.h"
#import
@interface ViewController ()
@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet PasteboardImageView *leftImageView;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.leftLabel.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
//用于監(jiān)聽 UIMenuController的變化
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(menuControllerWillShow) name:UIMenuControllerWillShowMenuNotification object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(menuControllerWillHide) name:UIMenuControllerWillHideMenuNotification object:nil];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
}
- (IBAction)longPressGestureAction:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)sender {
//要將圖片變?yōu)榈谝豁憫?,而且要把圖片設為**可交換狀態(tài)**
[self.leftImageView becomeFirstResponder];
self.leftImageView.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
self.leftImageView.delegate = self;
UIMenuController *menuController = [UIMenuController sharedMenuController];
[menuController setTargetRect:self.leftImageView.frame inView:self.view];
[menuController setMenuVisible:YES animated:YES];
}
}
//? PasteboardImageView.m
//? Practice_UIPasteboard
#import "PasteboardImageView.h"
@implementation PasteboardImageView
//這個方法不能少
- (BOOL)canBecomeFirstResponder {
return YES;
}
- (BOOL)canPerformAction:(SEL)action withSender:(id)sender {
return (action == @selector(copy:) || action == @selector(paste:) );
}
-(void)copy:(id)sender{
UIPasteboard* pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];
[pasteboard setImage:self.image];
if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(transSomeTing:)]) {
[self.delegate transSomeTing:pasteboard.image];
NSLog(@"%@",self.image);
}
NSLog(@"您點擊的是拷貝%@",pasteboard.items);
}
-(void)paste:(id)sender{
UIPasteboard* pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];
UIImage *image = [pasteboard image];
if (image) {
self.image = image;
}
NSLog(@"您點擊的是粘貼");
}
/*
// Only override drawRect: if you perform custom drawing.
// An empty implementation adversely affects performance during animation.
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {
// Drawing code
}
@end
參考來自:作者山水域 ?http://www.itdecent.cn/p/a6d2e46329f8