day13（Altas、Mycat分布式架構(gòu)）

1、上周尾巴(一套爛的

1.1、檢查MHA的運行狀態(tài)

masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf

1.2、判斷主節(jié)點

直接的方法，看哪臺MySQL沒有從庫狀態(tài)，結(jié)合從庫的mysql指向位置

1.3、恢復(fù)1主2從的狀態(tài)


db03:    grep -i 'change master to ' /var/log/mha/app1/manager

db02:
CHANGE MASTER TO 
MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.51',
MASTER_PORT=3306, 
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, 
MASTER_USER='repl', 
MASTER_PASSWORD='123';
start slave ;

1.4、檢查vip


db01:
 ifconfig eth0:1 10.0.0.55/24

1.5、檢查db03配置文件


vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf

[server1]
hostname=10.0.0.51
port=3306

[server2]
hostname=10.0.0.52
port=3306

[server3]
hostname=10.0.0.53
port=3306

1.6 啟動前預(yù)檢查

[root@db03 ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf


[root@db03 ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf

1.7 啟動MHA

nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover  < /dev/null> /var/log/mha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &


masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf

2、Binlog Server


選擇一個專門保存  binlog  的服務(wù)器,必須要有mysqlbinlog命令，我媽們選擇db03

vim /etc/mha/qpp1.cnf

[binlog1]
no_master=1
hostname=10.0.0.53
master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/binlog

創(chuàng)建必要目錄

mkdir -p /data/mysql/binlog
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/*


cd /data/mysql/binlog     -----》必須進(jìn)入到自己創(chuàng)建好的目錄
mysqlbinlog  -R --host=10.0.0.51 --user=mha --password=mha --raw  --stop-never mysql-bin.000007 &

3、Altas


 rpm -ivh Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm 

cd /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf
mv test.cnf test.cnf.bak

cat > test.cnf <<EOF
[mysql-proxy]
admin-username = user       #管理方面的用戶
admin-password = pwd       #管理方面的密碼       
proxy-backend-addresses = 10.0.0.55:3306         #后端提供寫的節(jié)點
proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 10.0.0.52:3306,10.0.0.53:3306         #從庫的地址和端口號
pwds = repl:3yb5jEku5h4=,mha:O2jBXONX098=
daemon = true             #后臺運行
keepalive = true           #檢查節(jié)點狀態(tài)
event-threads = 8            #默認(rèn)并發(fā)線程
log-level = message           
log-path = /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log
sql-log=ON            
proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:33060     
admin-address = 0.0.0.0:2345
charset=utf8
EOF


啟動atlas
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start

檢查端口
netstat -lnp|grep proxy


連接測試：
mysql -umha -pmha -h 10.0.0.53 -P 33060 

測讀：
db03 [(none)]>select @@server_id;

測寫：
db03 [(none)]>begin;select @@server_id; commit;

4. 生產(chǎn)用戶要求 (Atlas+MHA+VIP+SENDREPORT+BINLOG)


開發(fā)人員申請一個應(yīng)用用戶 app(  select  update  insert)  密碼123456,要通過10網(wǎng)段登錄


1. 在主庫中,創(chuàng)建用戶
grant select ,update,insert on *.* to app@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123456';


2. 在atlas中添加生產(chǎn)用戶
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/encrypt  123456      ---->制作加密密碼


3. 改配置文件
vim test.cnf
pwds = repl:3yb5jEku5h4=,mha:O2jBXONX098=,app:/iZxz+0GRoA=
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test restart
[root@db03 conf]# mysql -uapp -p123456  -h 10.0.0.53 -P 33060

5、Altas基本管理

5.1 連接管理接口

mysql -uuser -ppwd -h10.0.0.53 -P2345

5.2 打印幫助：

mysql> select * from help;

5.3 查詢后端所有節(jié)點信息：


mysql>  SELECT * FROM backends

5.4、動態(tài)刪除節(jié)點


db03 [(none)]>REMOVE BACKEND 3;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
db03 [(none)]> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
| backend_ndx | address        | state | type |
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
|           1 | 10.0.0.55:3306 | up    | rw   |
|           2 | 10.0.0.52:3306 | up    | ro   |
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+

5.5、動態(tài)添加節(jié)點


db03 [(none)]>ADD SLAVE 10.0.0.53:3306;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

db03 [(none)]> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
| backend_ndx | address        | state | type |
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+
|           1 | 10.0.0.55:3306 | up    | rw   |
|           2 | 10.0.0.52:3306 | up    | ro   |
|           3 | 10.0.0.53:3306 | up    | ro   |
+-------------+----------------+-------+------+

5.6、保存配置到配置文件


db03 [(none)]>save config;

6、關(guān)于讀寫分離建議（自己擴展）

MyCAT分布式架構(gòu)

image.png

2、MyCAT分布式架構(gòu)搭建

db01  db02

2.1、 刪除歷史環(huán)境：

pkill mysqld
rm -rf /data/330* 
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

2.2、 初始化


mkdir /data/33{07..10}/data -p
mysqld --initialize-insecure  --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --basedir=/application/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure  --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --basedir=/application/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure  --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3309/data --basedir=/application/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure  --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3310/data --basedir=/application/mysql

2.3、 準(zhǔn)備db01配置文件和啟動腳本


========db01==============
cat >/data/3307/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
port=3307
log-error=/data/3307/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3307/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=7
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF

cat >/data/3308/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
port=3308
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/3308/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3308/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=8
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF

cat >/data/3309/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3309/data
socket=/data/3309/mysql.sock
port=3309
log-error=/data/3309/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3309/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=9
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3310/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3310/data
socket=/data/3310/mysql.sock
port=3310
log-error=/data/3310/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3310/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=10
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF

cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF

cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF

cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3309.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3310.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3310/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF

2.4、準(zhǔn)備db02配置文件和啟動腳本


cat >/data/3307/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
port=3307
log-error=/data/3307/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3307/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=17
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3308/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
port=3308
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/3308/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3308/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=18
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/data/3309/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3309/data
socket=/data/3309/mysql.sock
port=3309
log-error=/data/3309/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3309/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=19
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF


cat >/data/3310/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3310/data
socket=/data/3310/mysql.sock
port=3310
log-error=/data/3310/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3310/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=20
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF

cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF

cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF

cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3309.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3310.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3310/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF

2.5修改權(quán)限，啟動多實例


chown -R mysql.mysql /data/*
systemctl start mysqld3307
systemctl start mysqld3308
systemctl start mysqld3309
systemctl start mysqld3310

mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"

2.6、規(guī)劃

image.png

2.7、構(gòu)建主從


shard1
10.0.0.51:3307    <----->  10.0.0.52:3307
db02
mysql  -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123';"
mysql  -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "grant all  on *.* to root@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123'  with grant option;"

db01
mysql  -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.52', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql  -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql  -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"

db02
mysql  -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.51', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql  -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql  -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"


10.0.0.51:3309    ------>  10.0.0.51:3307
db01
mysql  -S /data/3309/mysql.sock  -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.51', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql  -S /data/3309/mysql.sock  -e "start slave;"
mysql  -S /data/3309/mysql.sock  -e "show slave status\G"

10.0.0.52:3309    ------>  10.0.0.52:3307
db02
mysql  -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.52', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql  -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql  -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"



shard2
10.0.0.52:3308  <----->    10.0.0.51:3308
db01
mysql  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123';"
mysql  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "grant all  on *.* to root@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123'  with grant option;"

db02
mysql  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.51', MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"

db01
mysql  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.52', MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql  -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"

10.0.0.52:3310    ----->       10.0.0.52:3308
db02
mysql  -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.52', MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql  -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql  -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"

10.0.0.51:3310  ----->     10.0.0.51:3308
db01
mysql  -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.51', MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123';"
mysql  -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "start slave;"
mysql  -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G"

3. MyCAT安裝

3.1 預(yù)先安裝Java運行環(huán)境

yum install -y java

3.2下載

Mycat-server-xxxxx.linux.tar.gz
http://dl.mycat.io/

3.3 解壓文件


tar xf Mycat-server-1.6.5-release-20180122220033-linux.tar.gz

3.4 軟件目錄結(jié)構(gòu)


ls
bin  catlet  conf  lib  logs  version.txt

3.5 啟動和連接


配置環(huán)境變量
vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/data/mycat/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
啟動
mycat start
連接mycat：
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P8066

4. 配置文件介紹


logs目錄:
wrapper.log       ---->mycat啟動日志
mycat.log         ---->mycat詳細(xì)工作日志
conf目錄:
schema.xml      
主配置文件（讀寫分離、高可用、分布式策略定制、節(jié)點控制）
server.xml
mycat軟件本身相關(guān)的配置
rule.xml 
分片規(guī)則配置文件,記錄分片規(guī)則列表、使用方法等

5.應(yīng)用前環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

5.1 用戶創(chuàng)建及數(shù)據(jù)庫導(dǎo)入


db01:
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock 
grant all on *.* to root@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123';
source /root/world.sql

mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock 
grant all on *.* to root@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123';
source /root/world.sql

5.2 配置文件處理

cd /application/mycat/conf
mv schema.xml schema.xml.bak

vim schema.xml 

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">  
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="sh1"> 
</schema>  
        <dataNode name="sh1" dataHost="oldguo1" database= "world" />         
        <dataHost name="oldguo1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"  writeType="0" dbType="mysql"  dbDriver="native" switchType="1">    
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>  
        <writeHost host="db1" url="10.0.0.51:3307" user="root" password="123"> 
                        <readHost host="db2" url="10.0.0.51:3309" user="root" password="123" /> 
        </writeHost> 
        </dataHost>  
</mycat:schema>


重啟mycat
mycat restart

讀寫分離測試
 mysql -uroot -p -h 127.0.0.1 -P8066
 show variables like 'server_id';
 begin;
 show variables like 'server_id';

總結(jié)： 
以上案例實現(xiàn)了1主1從的讀寫分離功能，寫操作落到主庫，讀操作落到從庫.如果主庫宕機，從庫不能在繼續(xù)提供服務(wù)了。

6、MyCAT 核心特性---分片


分片：對一個"bigtable"，比如說t3表

(1)行數(shù)非常多，800w
(2)訪問非常頻繁

分片的目的：
（1）將大數(shù)據(jù)量進(jìn)行分布存儲
（2）提供均衡的訪問路由

分片策略：
范圍 range  800w  1-400w 400w01-800w
取模 mod    取余數(shù)
枚舉 
哈希 hash 
時間 流水

優(yōu)化關(guān)聯(lián)查詢
全局表
ER分片

range范圍分片


比如說t3表
（1）行數(shù)非常多，2000w(1-1000w:sh1 1000w-2000w：sh2)
（2）訪問非常頻繁，用戶訪問較離散


1）準(zhǔn)備配置文件
[root@db01 /application/mycat/conf]# vim schema.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="sh1">
        <table name="t3" dataNode="sh1,sh2" rule="auto-sharding-long" />
</schema>
    <dataNode name="sh1" dataHost="oldguo1" database= "taobao" />
    <dataNode name="sh2" dataHost="oldguo2" database= "taobao" />
    <dataHost name="oldguo1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"  writeType="0" dbType="mysql"  dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
    <writeHost host="db1" url="10.0.0.51:3307" user="root" password="123">
            <readHost host="db2" url="10.0.0.51:3309" user="root" password="123" />
    </writeHost>
    <writeHost host="db3" url="10.0.0.52:3307" user="root" password="123">
            <readHost host="db4" url="10.0.0.52:3309" user="root" password="123" />
    </writeHost>
    </dataHost>
    <dataHost name="oldguo2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"  writeType="0" dbType="mysql"  dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
    <writeHost host="db1" url="10.0.0.51:3308" user="root" password="123">
            <readHost host="db2" url="10.0.0.51:3310" user="root" password="123" />
    </writeHost>
    <writeHost host="db3" url="10.0.0.52:3308" user="root" password="123">
            <readHost host="db4" url="10.0.0.52:3310" user="root" password="123" />
    </writeHost>
    </dataHost>
</mycat:schema>

2）修改
[root@db01 /application/mycat/conf]# cat autopartition-long.txt 
1-5=0
6-10=1

3）重啟
mycat restart

4）
創(chuàng)建測試表：
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t3 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"

mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock  -e "use taobao;create table t3 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"

5）插入數(shù)據(jù)，檢查
insert into t3(id,name) values(1,'a');
insert into t3(id,name) values(2,'b');
insert into t3(id,name) values(3,'c');
insert into t3(id,name) values(7,'x');
insert into t3(id,name) values(8,'y');
insert into t3(id,name) values(9,'z');
select * from t3;

取模分片


取余分片方式：分片鍵（一個列）與節(jié)點數(shù)量進(jìn)行取余，得到余數(shù)，將數(shù)據(jù)寫入對應(yīng)節(jié)點


1)修改配置文件
vim schema.xml
<table name="t4" dataNode="sh1,sh2" rule="mod-long" />

vim rule.xml
<property name="count">2</property>

2）
準(zhǔn)備測試環(huán)境
     
創(chuàng)建測試表：
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t4 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t4 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"


3）重啟mycat 
mycat restart 

4）
測試： 
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P8066

use TESTDB
insert into t4(id,name) values(1,'a');
insert into t4(id,name) values(2,'b');
insert into t4(id,name) values(3,'c');
insert into t4(id,name) values(4,'d');




5）
分別登錄后端節(jié)點查詢數(shù)據(jù)
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t4;"

mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t4;"

枚舉分片


1)
vim schema.xml

<table name="t5" dataNode="sh1,sh2" rule="sharding-by-intfile" />

2)
vim rule.xml
 <property name="type">1</property>

3)
partition-hash-int.txt 配置： 
bj=0 
sh=1
DEFAULT_NODE=1


4)
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t5 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"

mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "use taobao;create table t5 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);"


5)重啟
mycat restart


6)登錄測試
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h10.0.0.51 -P8066
use TESTDB
insert into t5(id,name) values(1,'bj');
insert into t5(id,name) values(2,'sh');
insert into t5(id,name) values(3,'bj');
insert into t5(id,name) values(4,'sh');
insert into t5(id,name) values(5,'tj');


7）分別登錄后端節(jié)點查詢數(shù)據(jù)
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t5;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t5;"

maycat 全局表


a   b   c  d   
join 
t 

select  t1.name   ,t.x  from  t1 
join t 
select  t2.name   ,t.x  from  t2 
join t 
select  t3.name   ,t.x  from  t3 
join t 

使用場景：
如果你的業(yè)務(wù)中有些數(shù)據(jù)類似于數(shù)據(jù)字典，比如配置文件的配置，
常用業(yè)務(wù)的配置或者數(shù)據(jù)量不大很少變動的表，這些表往往不是特別大，
而且大部分的業(yè)務(wù)場景都會用到，那么這種表適合于Mycat全局表，無須對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行切分，
要在所有的分片上保存一份數(shù)據(jù)即可，Mycat 在Join操作中，業(yè)務(wù)表與全局表進(jìn)行Join聚合會優(yōu)先選擇相同分片內(nèi)的全局表join，
避免跨庫Join，在進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)插入操作時，mycat將把數(shù)據(jù)分發(fā)到全局表對應(yīng)的所有分片執(zhí)行，在進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)讀取時候?qū)S機獲取一個節(jié)點讀取數(shù)據(jù)。


vim schema.xml 
<table name="t_area" primaryKey="id"  type="global" dataNode="sh1,sh2" />


后端數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)備
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock 
use taobao
create table t_area (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);

mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock 
use taobao
create table t_area  (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(20) not null);


重啟mycat 
mycat restart 

測試： 
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h10.0.0.51 -P8066


use TESTDB
insert into t_area(id,name) values(1,'a');
insert into t_area(id,name) values(2,'b');
insert into t_area(id,name) values(3,'c');
insert into t_area(id,name) values(4,'d');


mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t_area;"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "select * from taobao.t_area;"

E-R分片


A 
join 
B  
為了防止跨分片join，可以使用E-R模式
A   join   B
on  a.xx=b.yy
join C
on A.id=C.id
<table name="A" dataNode="sh1,sh2" rule="mod-long"> 
       <childTable name="B" joinKey="yy" parentKey="xx" /> 
</table>
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