前言
參照了Android-skin-support 這個(gè)開源庫(kù),通過閱讀了這個(gè)開源庫(kù),進(jìn)行了學(xué)習(xí),總結(jié)出來的筆記
基本的使用方式,其實(shí)框架的github里面講的挺清楚了。
1、引入庫(kù)
我這邊還是support包,暫時(shí)沒用androidx,所以導(dǎo)入的是support
implementation 'skin.support:skin-support:3.1.4' // skin-support 基礎(chǔ)控件支持
implementation 'skin.support:skin-support-design:3.1.4' // skin-support-design material design 控件支持[可選]
implementation 'skin.support:skin-support-cardview:3.1.4' // skin-support-cardview CardView 控件支持[可選]
implementation 'skin.support:skin-support-constraint-layout:3.1.4' // skin-support-constraint-layout ConstraintLayout 控件支持[可選]
在Application的onCreate中初始化
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
SkinCompatManager.withoutActivity(this) // 基礎(chǔ)控件換膚初始化
.addInflater(new SkinMaterialViewInflater()) // material design 控件換膚初始化[可選]
.addInflater(new SkinConstraintViewInflater()) // ConstraintLayout 控件換膚初始化[可選]
.addInflater(new SkinCardViewInflater()) // CardView v7 控件換膚初始化[可選]
.setSkinStatusBarColorEnable(false) // 關(guān)閉狀態(tài)欄換膚,默認(rèn)打開[可選]
.setSkinWindowBackgroundEnable(false) // 關(guān)閉windowBackground換膚,默認(rèn)打開[可選]
.loadSkin();
}
在BaseActivity里面使用這個(gè)SkinAppCompatDelegateImpl這個(gè)方法來代理源碼中的創(chuàng)建的AppCompatDelegate。
@NonNull
@Override
public AppCompatDelegate getDelegate() {
return SkinAppCompatDelegateImpl.get(this, this);
}
補(bǔ):這里補(bǔ)充一下自己的理解。這個(gè)代理,直接其實(shí)就是讓AppCompatDelegate # installViewFactory 方法,延遲導(dǎo)入LayoutInflater,通過實(shí)現(xiàn)Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks的 activity 生命周期方法來注入LayoutInflater。
//android.view.LayoutInflater.java
public void setFactory(Factory factory) {
if (mFactorySet) {
throw new IllegalStateException("A factory has already been set on this LayoutInflater");
}
if (factory == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("Given factory can not be null");
}
mFactorySet = true;
if (mFactory == null) {
mFactory = factory;
} else {
mFactory = new FactoryMerger(factory, null, mFactory, mFactory2);
}
}
如果在一開始設(shè)置上去了,就會(huì)拋出"A factory has already been set on this LayoutInflater"異常,或者通過反射的方式先重置了mFactorySet為false,然后重新設(shè)置上自己的LayoutInflater。
//assets方式切換皮膚
SkinCompatManager.getInstance().loadSkin("night.skin", null, SkinCompatManager.SKIN_LOADER_STRATEGY_ASSETS);
//...zip等方式加載皮膚都可以自己設(shè)置
//重置為原皮膚
SkinCompatManager.getInstance().restoreDefaultTheme();
這樣就可以把換膚框架使用起來了。
一、為什么要換膚,什么叫換膚
個(gè)人理解:讓用戶體驗(yàn)會(huì)更好
換膚:就是認(rèn)為動(dòng)態(tài)的替換資源(文字、顏色、字體大小、圖片,布局文件…),例如使用View的setBackgroundResource,setTextSize等函數(shù)
上面可以提取2個(gè)問題
- 換膚資源怎么獲取
- 換膚資源怎么設(shè)置
二、換膚資源怎么設(shè)置
基于api 26
主角就是LayoutInfater,xml布局獲取的加載。
為什么是 LayoutInfater呢。換膚就是能拿到換膚控件的對(duì)象,然后進(jìn)行調(diào)用 setTextSize、setBackgroundResource,setImageResource,setTextColor等。關(guān)鍵是這么拿到這些換膚的控件對(duì)象。
LayoutInflater 獲取方式
LayoutInfater是個(gè)抽象類,最終發(fā)現(xiàn)是 PhoneLayoutInfater LayoutInfater -》 PhoneLayoutInfater
怎么知道的呢?那就我們?cè)趺传@取LayoutInflater這么獲取的,獲取方式:
- Activity # getLayoutInflater() -> 最終是在PhoneWindow的成員變量,這個(gè)成員變量是在PhoneWindow構(gòu)造方法調(diào)用的,最終其實(shí)還是context.getSystemService的方式來獲取的
@UnsupportedAppUsage
public PhoneWindow(Context context) {
super(context);
mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}
- fragment # getLayoutInflater() -> 點(diǎn)擊源碼看的時(shí)候,最終還是通過
LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
(LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
- LayoutInflater.from(context)
補(bǔ)充:我們常用的View.inflate加載布局,其實(shí)內(nèi)部也是通過LayoutInflater.from()
總結(jié):最終還是通過context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE)來進(jìn)行獲取的LayoutInflater對(duì)象
看了一下getSystemService這個(gè)方法在Context里面,那就直接看ContextImpl.java的getSystemService方法
@Override
public Object getSystemService(String name) {
return SystemServiceRegistry.getSystemService(this, name);
}
SystemServiceRegistry類的注釋上說明
Manages all of the system services that can be returned by {@link Context#getSystemService}. * Used by {@link ContextImpl}.
管理的所有的服務(wù)提供給用戶使用
注:仿照這個(gè)類應(yīng)該可以自己弄一個(gè)app的aidl管理服務(wù)類
/**
* Gets a system service from a given context.
*/
public static Object getSystemService(ContextImpl ctx, String name) {
ServiceFetcher<?> fetcher = SYSTEM_SERVICE_FETCHERS.get(name);
return fetcher != null ? fetcher.getService(ctx) : null;
}
上面方法可以知道,服務(wù)是根據(jù)上下文來進(jìn)行獲取的
在注冊(cè)服務(wù)的時(shí)候,這里實(shí)現(xiàn)了
registerService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE, LayoutInflater.class,
new CachedServiceFetcher<LayoutInflater>() {
@Override
public LayoutInflater createService(ContextImpl ctx) {
return new PhoneLayoutInflater(ctx.getOuterContext());
}});
差不多了,我們已經(jīng)知道了2點(diǎn)
1)我們的LayoutInflater是PhoneLayoutInflater
2)不同的Context都會(huì)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)PhoneLayoutInflater
LayoutInfater#inflate 使用,以及實(shí)現(xiàn)創(chuàng)建View的過程源代碼查看
回過頭來,我們獲取LayoutInflater之后通常會(huì)進(jìn)行
inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
然后進(jìn)行如下步驟:
inflater() -> createViewFromTag -> createViewFromTag(5 params) -> tryCreateView -> Factory.onCreateView
inflater()中
XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource);
//獲取屬性
final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
通過PULL解析獲取屬性(layout_height="-1", layout_width="-1"等)
View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {
if (name.equals("view")) {
name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
}
//...略
View view;
if (mFactory2 != null) {
view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
} else if (mFactory != null) {
view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);
} else {
view = null;
}
//...略
return view;
}
這里最終調(diào)用了 mFactory2 這個(gè)對(duì)象,這個(gè)對(duì)象的默認(rèn)實(shí)現(xiàn),我們回過頭來看AppCompatActivity里面的
//android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
final AppCompatDelegate delegate = getDelegate();
delegate.installViewFactory();
delegate.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
if (delegate.applyDayNight() && mThemeId != 0) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
onApplyThemeResource(getTheme(), mThemeId, false);
} else {
setTheme(mThemeId);
}
}
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
通過 installViewFactory 這個(gè)方法調(diào)用了factory的設(shè)置
//android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java
@Override
public void installViewFactory() {
LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
if (layoutInflater.getFactory() == null) {
LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2(layoutInflater, this);
}
}
LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2(layoutInflater, factory)的第二個(gè)參數(shù)就是需要實(shí)現(xiàn) LayoutInflater.Factory2 的對(duì)象,這里傳的是this,所以說看AppCompatDelegateImplV9的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)邏輯。
//android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java
/**
* From {@link LayoutInflater.Factory2}.
*/
@Override
public final View onCreateView(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
// First let the Activity's Factory try and inflate the view
final View view = callActivityOnCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
if (view != null) {
return view;
}
// If the Factory didn't handle it, let our createView() method try
return createView(parent, name, context, attrs);
}
這里的到了一個(gè)新的發(fā)現(xiàn),我覺得這個(gè)callActivityOnCreateView能進(jìn)行皮膚緩存所有View,就是在activity里面實(shí)現(xiàn)onCreateView()方法,結(jié)果好像不打印子View了,不清楚什么原因 callActivityOnCreateView ->
看 createView 這個(gè)方法
//android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java
public View createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context,
@NonNull AttributeSet attrs) {
if (mAppCompatViewInflater == null) {
mAppCompatViewInflater = new AppCompatViewInflater();
}
//...
return mAppCompatViewInflater.createView(parent, name, context, attrs, inheritContext,
IS_PRE_LOLLIPOP, /* Only read android:theme pre-L (L+ handles this anyway) */
true, /* Read read app:theme as a fallback at all times for legacy reasons */
VectorEnabledTintResources.shouldBeUsed() /* Only tint wrap the context if enabled */
);
}
AppCompatViewInflater:就是用來把AppCompatTextView AppCompatImageView等AppCompatXXView系列的進(jìn)行替換創(chuàng)建??碅ppCompatViewInflater # createView
//android.support.v7.app.AppCompatViewInflater
public final View createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context,
@NonNull AttributeSet attrs, boolean inheritContext,
boolean readAndroidTheme, boolean readAppTheme, boolean wrapContext) {
//...略
View view = null;
// We need to 'inject' our tint aware Views in place of the standard framework versions
switch (name) {
case "TextView":
view = new AppCompatTextView(context, attrs);
break;
case "ImageView":
view = new AppCompatImageView(context, attrs);
break;
//...略
}
if (view == null && originalContext != context) {
view = createViewFromTag(context, name, attrs);
}
if (view != null) {
// If we have created a view, check its android:onClick
checkOnClickListener(view, attrs);
}
return view;
}
如果不符合AppCompatXXView類的就只能進(jìn)行反射去創(chuàng)建了,看createViewFromTag方法
//android.support.v7.app.AppCompatViewInflater
private static final String[] sClassPrefixList = {
"android.widget.",
"android.view.",
"android.webkit."
};
private View createViewFromTag(Context context, String name, AttributeSet attrs) {
//...略
try {
mConstructorArgs[0] = context;
mConstructorArgs[1] = attrs;
//1
if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
for (int i = 0; i < sClassPrefixList.length; i++) {
final View view = createView(context, name, sClassPrefixList[i]);
if (view != null) {
return view;
}
}
return null;
} else {
//2
return createView(context, name, null);
}
}
//...略
}
private View createView(Context context, String name, String prefix)
throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException {
//..略
//通過 2個(gè)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造方法創(chuàng)建View對(duì)象
Class<? extends View> clazz = context.getClassLoader().loadClass(
prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);
//...略
constructor = clazz.getConstructor(sConstructorSignature);
constructor.setAccessible(true);
return constructor.newInstance(mConstructorArgs);
}
1 如果是沒帶點(diǎn)的,就是像TextView等其他的系統(tǒng)類,通是sClassPrefixList這個(gè)數(shù)組遍歷拼接上,進(jìn)行反射創(chuàng)建View對(duì)象。
2 帶了點(diǎn)的,就是一些三方的v7,v4,自定義View,都會(huì)帶上包名,所以走第二步這個(gè)方法
以上,就基本知道View怎么來的了,換膚的話需要進(jìn)行,把所有需要換膚的View保存起來,然后在換皮膚的時(shí)候,進(jìn)行調(diào)用 setTextColor、setBackgroundResource, setImageResource 等。
不妨自己去代理View的創(chuàng)建過程,然后通過自己去實(shí)現(xiàn)一些View對(duì)應(yīng)布局的View,這樣類似 AppCompatXXView 這種變成自己的,如:SkinCompatXXView 這樣,這些View都自己掌控了,加個(gè)換膚的方法 applySkin 就好實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
三、換膚資源怎么獲取
上面以及得到了,所有的 可以進(jìn)行具有換膚的View 對(duì)象
換膚對(duì)象:其實(shí)就是自己通過實(shí)現(xiàn)Factory2,然后在后續(xù) LayoutInflater 流程
inflater() -> createViewFromTag -> createViewFromTag(5 params) -> tryCreateView -> Factory.onCreateView
最終調(diào)用自己這個(gè)Factory2#onCreateView(View, String, Context, AttributeSet),創(chuàng)建對(duì)應(yīng)的SkinCompatXXView,在這過程中,我們可以順便把這些對(duì)象緩存起來,為后續(xù)的資源獲取后,進(jìn)行調(diào)用setTextColor、setBackgroundResource, setImageResource 等做準(zhǔn)備
方式一、加載assets下,通過apk打包好的資源包
//skin.support.load.SkinAssetsLoader
private String copySkinFromAssets(Context context, String name) {
String skinPath = new File(SkinFileUtils.getSkinDir(context), name).getAbsolutePath();
try {
InputStream is = context.getAssets().open(
SkinConstants.SKIN_DEPLOY_PATH + File.separator + name);
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(skinPath);
int byteCount;
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
while ((byteCount = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
os.write(bytes, 0, byteCount);
}
os.close();
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return skinPath;
}
//skin.support.utils.SkinFileUtils
public static String getSkinDir(Context context) {
File skinDir = new File(getCacheDir(context), SkinConstants.SKIN_DEPLOY_PATH);
if (!skinDir.exists()) {
skinDir.mkdirs();
}
return skinDir.getAbsolutePath();
}
copySkinFromAssets 就是獲取本地 assets下面的皮膚資源,然后拷貝到 cache目錄下面
cache目錄有兩種情況
- 掛載sdcard的情況,且創(chuàng)建成功了,就是 sdcard/Android/data/${packageName}/skins下面
- sdcard掛載失敗了或者沒成功創(chuàng)建,就是在 data/data/${packageName}/skins 目錄下面
皮膚資源已經(jīng)放到了對(duì)應(yīng)的目錄,然后處理這個(gè)文件
//skin.support.SkinCompatManager
/**
* 獲取皮膚包包名.
*
* @param skinPkgPath sdcard中皮膚包路徑.
* @return
*/
public String getSkinPackageName(String skinPkgPath) {
PackageManager mPm = mAppContext.getPackageManager();
PackageInfo info = mPm.getPackageArchiveInfo(skinPkgPath, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
return info.packageName;
}
/**
* 獲取皮膚包資源{@link Resources}.
*
* @param skinPkgPath sdcard中皮膚包路徑.
* @return
*/
@Nullable
public Resources getSkinResources(String skinPkgPath) {
try {
PackageInfo packageInfo = mAppContext.getPackageManager().getPackageArchiveInfo(skinPkgPath, 0);
packageInfo.applicationInfo.sourceDir = skinPkgPath;
packageInfo.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir = skinPkgPath;
Resources res = mAppContext.getPackageManager().getResourcesForApplication(packageInfo.applicationInfo);
Resources superRes = mAppContext.getResources();
return new Resources(res.getAssets(), superRes.getDisplayMetrics(), superRes.getConfiguration());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
通過上面的方法,獲取到了皮膚資源中的Resources對(duì)象,后面換皮膚的時(shí)候,就通過這個(gè)對(duì)象,獲取里面的皮膚資源