151、?[單選]?在風(fēng)險管理會議期間,項目經(jīng)理和團隊根據(jù)風(fēng)險應(yīng)對計劃分析到目前為止使用的資源,該使用什么工具或技術(shù)來評估余下項目風(fēng)險所需要的資源?
During the risk management meeting, the project manager and team analyzed the resources used so far according to the risk response plan. What tools or technologies should be used to assess the resources needed for the remaining project risks?
A:技術(shù)績效測量
Technical performance measurement
B:儲備分析
Reserve analysis
C:風(fēng)險分析
Risk analysis
D:偏差和趨勢分析
Variance and trend analysis
正確答案:B?你的答案:C?
解析:審題“評估余下項目風(fēng)險所需要的資源”,定位“監(jiān)督風(fēng)險”過程組。該子過程組提到的儲備分析工具(歸屬數(shù)據(jù)分析),是指在項目的任一點時比較剩余應(yīng)急儲備和剩余風(fēng)險量。、雖然A選項跟“儲備分析”一樣歸屬數(shù)據(jù)分析,但是技術(shù)績效分析是把項目執(zhí)行期間所取得的技術(shù)成果和取得相關(guān)技術(shù)成果計劃記性比較。
152、?[單選]?在客戶驗收項目可交付成果后,項目經(jīng)理開始存檔項目文件,同時,在完成前一個項目的收尾工作之前,項目經(jīng)理被任命管理一個新的,引人注目的項目。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
After customer acceptance of project deliverables, the project manager began archiving the project documents. At the same time, before completing the closing work of the previous project, the project manager was appointed to manage a new and compelling project. What should the project manager do?
A:完成公司的最低記錄保存要求
Complete the company's minimum record keeping requirements
B:開始在新項目上工作
Start working on the new project
C:與前一個項目的相關(guān)方商量
Consult with the stakeholders of the previous project
D:按照項目管理計劃進行項目收尾
Conduct project closing according to project management plan
正確答案:D?你的答案:D
解析:題目明確提到“項目的收尾”,項目管理計劃確定項目的執(zhí)行、監(jiān)控和收尾方式,因此需按照項目管理計劃進行項目收尾,確保項目工作都已完成以及項目目標(biāo)均已實現(xiàn)。 在項目未結(jié)束前,是否可以開展同步開展其他項目?當(dāng)然可以!
153、?[單選]?一個設(shè)計團隊被分配開發(fā)一項新技術(shù),讓公司能夠符合新的政府規(guī)定,應(yīng)該用什么來收集產(chǎn)品設(shè)計屬性?
A design team was assigned to develop a new technology. ?To allow the company to comply with new government regulations, what should be used to collect product design attributes?
A:控制圖
Control chart
B:需求跟蹤矩陣
Requirements traceability matrix
C:工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)(WBS)
Work breakdown structure (WBS)
D:親和圖
Affinity diagram
正確答案:B?你的答案:D
解析:審題:符合新的政府規(guī)定、產(chǎn)品設(shè)計屬性;定位:收集需求,本過程組輸出:需求跟蹤矩陣??刂茍D用于確定一個過程是否穩(wěn)定,或者是否具有可預(yù)測的績效。規(guī)格上限和下限是根據(jù)要求制定的,反映了可允許的最大值和最小值,用于監(jiān)測各種類型的輸出變量(詳見8.3.2.5) 親和圖用來對大量創(chuàng)意進行分組的技術(shù),以便進一步審查和分析,也是8.2管理質(zhì)量會用到的工具(8.2.2.4可以對潛在缺陷成因進行分類,展示最應(yīng)關(guān)注的領(lǐng)域)。創(chuàng)建WBS,輸出范圍基準
154、?[單選]?項目團隊習(xí)慣于在制定好的變更控制過程之外進行變更。在一次團隊會議上,向公司提出另一個變更請求。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
The project team has been accustomed to making changes outside of a well-defined change control process. ?In a team meeting, another change request was made to the company. What should the project manager do?
A:接受該變更請求,并繼續(xù)管理項目以滿足要求及進度計劃
Accept the change request and continue to manage the project to meet the requirements and schedule
B:通知請求者應(yīng)該通過變更控制過程來處理變更
Notify the requester that the change should be handled according to the change control process
C:召開一次團隊建設(shè)會議,希望團隊在所有變更之后重新走回正軌
Convene a team building meeting with the hope that the team will return to the track after all changes
D:向項目發(fā)起人詢問有關(guān)變更和項目績效的詳細信息
Ask the project sponsor about detailed information about the change and project performance
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:變更控制過程制定后,變更請求應(yīng)該走變更流程;注意,一旦確定項目基準,也必須通過變更控制過程來處理變更;同時對配置管理計劃中規(guī)定的配置要素的任何變更都應(yīng)該提出變更請求,并經(jīng)過正式變更
155、?[單選]?一個運營團隊認為他們的技能在項目上是不必要的,團隊士氣低落,且團隊成員試圖阻止項目目標(biāo)。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
An operating team believes that their skills are unnecessary on the project, the team morale is low, ?and team members try to stop the project objectives. What should the project manager do?
A:建議公司改變策略,并立即停止項目
Recommend the company to change its strategy and stop the project immediately
B:要求工會的支持來激勵團隊
Request the support of the labor union to motivate the team
C:根據(jù)項目成果的要求對運營團隊進行培訓(xùn)
Train the operation team according to the requirements of project results
D:更換不滿的團隊成員
Replace dissatisfied team members
正確答案:C?你的答案:B
解析:團隊士氣低落、團隊成員甚至試圖阻止項目目標(biāo),此時應(yīng)該開展“建設(shè)團隊”,改進團隊協(xié)作、激勵員工。由于題目提到了團隊的技能,因此采取”培訓(xùn)“技術(shù),選擇C
156、?[單選]?項目經(jīng)理從制造商那里收到一個更新信息,說一個必要的設(shè)備修理可能會導(dǎo)致他們的可交付成果延遲接近八周時間。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
The project manager received an update information from the manufacturer saying that a necessary repair of the equipment could cause their deliverables to be delayed for nearly eight weeks. What should the project manager do?
A:確定關(guān)鍵路徑
Determine the critical path
B:實施溝通管理計劃
Implement communication management plan
C:執(zhí)行假設(shè)情景分析
Perform what-if scenario analysis
D:對項目進度趕工
Crash on project progress
正確答案:C?你的答案:A
解析:PMBOK(6)P213-6.5.2.4制定進度計劃-假設(shè)情景分析。可以根據(jù)假設(shè)情景分析的結(jié)果,評估項目進度計劃在不同條件下的可能性,以及為應(yīng)對意外情況的影響而編制進度儲備和應(yīng)對計劃。
157、?[單選]?在經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)會議上,團隊的反饋非常積極,項目經(jīng)理意識到這是團隊不想損失可能獲得的機會。若想獲得團隊的誠實反饋,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
At the lessons learned conference, the team's feedback was very positive. The project manager realized that the team did not want to lose the opportunities they might obtain. What should the project manager do to get honest feedback from the team?
A:進行匿名電子調(diào)查
Conduct an anonymous electronic survey
B:使用分析技術(shù)收集績效和其他指標(biāo)
Use analytical techniques to collect performance and other indicators
C:讓發(fā)起人參與獲得獨立評估
Let the sponsor participate in independent assessment
D:正規(guī)團隊成員的明顯偏差
Significant variance of regular team members
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:德爾菲技術(shù)。組織專家就某一專題達成一致意見的一種信息收集技術(shù),相關(guān)專家匿名參與,組織者使用調(diào)查問卷就一個重要項目事項征詢意見,然后對專家的答卷進行歸納,并把結(jié)果發(fā)還給專家做進一步評論。這個過程重復(fù)幾輪后,就可能取得一致意見。德爾菲技術(shù)有助于減輕數(shù)據(jù)的偏倚,防止任何個人對結(jié)果產(chǎn)生不恰當(dāng)?shù)挠绊憽?/p>
158、?[單選]?一個項目正在實施將為組織提供競爭優(yōu)勢的技術(shù)。項目經(jīng)理了解到,一項剛推出的新技術(shù)可能導(dǎo)致計劃推出的技術(shù)過時。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
A project is implementing a technology that will provide the organization with a competitive advantage. ?The project manager learned that a new technology that has just been introduced may lead to outdated planned technology. What should the project manager do?
A:忽略這技術(shù)的發(fā)展,并關(guān)注項目的原始范圍
Ignore the development of this technology and pay attention to the original scope of the project
B:建議使用新技術(shù)來跟上最新的技術(shù)發(fā)展
Recommend to use new technologies to keep up with the latest technological developments
C:執(zhí)行成本效益分析,以確定升級是否合理
Perform cost-benefit analysis to determine if the upgrade is reasonable
D:完成影響評估并為項目建議最佳可選方案
Complete the impact assessment and recommend optimal options for the project
正確答案:D?你的答案:D
解析:PMBOK(6)P117-4.6.1.4實施整體變更控制-變更請求。可能包括糾正措施、預(yù)防措施、缺陷補救,以及正式受控的項目文件或可交付成果更新,以反映修改或增加的意見或內(nèi)容。
159、?[單選]?公司聘請一名項目經(jīng)理來管理一個小型高端項目,如果這個項目成功,將會為公司帶來額外的合作。有效的收尾過程是項目成功的關(guān)鍵因素。為確保成功,項目經(jīng)理必須產(chǎn)生什么可交付成果?
The company hired a project manager to manage a small high-end project. If the project is successful, it will bring additional cooperation for the company. The effective closing process is a key factor in the success of the project. What deliverables must be generated by the project manager to ensure success?
A:驗收文件
Acceptance documents
B:儲備分析
Reserve analysis
C:進度報告
Progress report
D:采購審計
Procurement audit
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:PMBOK(6)P123-4.7結(jié)束項目或階段。包括確認可交付成果已交付給客戶并已獲得客戶的正式驗收;確保所有文件和可交付成果都已是最新版本,且所有問題都已得到解決。題干沒有提及采購合同,不選D。
160、?[單選]?為獲得新項目所需的資源,項目經(jīng)理必須得到所有職能經(jīng)理的許可,這家公司的組織結(jié)構(gòu)是什么?
To obtain the resources necessary for a new project, the project manager must obtain permission from all functional managers. What is the company’s organizational structure?
A:平衡矩陣型組織
Balanced matrix
B:弱矩陣型組織
Weak matrix
C:強矩陣型組織
Strong matrix
D:職能型組織
Functional
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:弱矩陣型組織保留了職能型組織的大部分特征,其項目經(jīng)理的角色更像協(xié)調(diào)員或聯(lián)絡(luò)員,他們的職權(quán)較低,需要向職能經(jīng)理匯報。指南-2.4.4.1組織結(jié)構(gòu)類型-表2-1組織結(jié)構(gòu)對項目的影響
161、?[單選]?一名新的關(guān)鍵相關(guān)方擔(dān)心項目經(jīng)理沒有進行項目進度的重要更新,為了預(yù)防這個問題,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該事先遵循什么?
A new key stakeholder was worried that the project manager failed to make important updates on the project progress. To prevent this problem, what should the project manager follow in advance?
A:相關(guān)方溝通需求
Stakeholder requirement communication
B:溝通管理計劃
Management plan communication
C:工作績效報告
Work performance report
D:項目溝通
Project communication
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:PMBOK(6)P377-10.1.3.1規(guī)劃溝通管理-溝通管理計劃。描述將如何規(guī)劃、結(jié)構(gòu)化、執(zhí)行與監(jiān)督項目溝通,以提高溝通的有效性。
162、?[單選]?由于對項目無關(guān)事項的多次討論和激烈爭論。在項目啟動大會上,項目經(jīng)理無法解決所有事項。若要滿足所有會議目標(biāo),項目經(jīng)理事先應(yīng)該做什么?
Due to multiple discussions and heated debates about unrelated project matters. The project manager is unable to address all agenda items at the project kick-off meeting. What should the project manager have done to satisfy all meeting objectives?
A:僅邀請關(guān)鍵項目相關(guān)方
Invited only the key stakeholders
B:計劃更少的會議議程事項
Planned fewer agenda items
C:邀請主題專家(SME)
Invited subject matter experts (SME)
D:制定基本規(guī)則
Established ground rules
正確答案:D?你的答案:C
解析:9.1.3.2 團隊章程。團隊章程對項目團隊成員的可接受行為確定了明確的期望。盡早認可并遵守明確的規(guī)則,有助于減少誤解,提高生產(chǎn)力;討論諸如行為規(guī)范、溝通、決策、會議禮儀等領(lǐng)域,團隊成員可以了解彼 此重要的價值觀。由團隊制定或參與制定的團隊章程可發(fā)揮最佳效果。所有項目團隊成員都分擔(dān)責(zé) 任,確保遵守團隊章程中規(guī)定的規(guī)則。
163、?[單選]?批準項目章程之后,人力資源總監(jiān)要求增加項目范圍,一名項目團隊成員在沒有獲得批準的情況下增加了這些范圍。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
After approving the project charter, the CHO asked for an increase in the project scope. A project team member added these ranges without approval. What should the project manager do?
A:與該團隊成員討論該問題
Discuss this issue with this team member
B:執(zhí)行實施整體變更控制過程
Perform integrated change control process
C:尋求項目發(fā)起人的指導(dǎo)
Seek guidance from project sponsors
D:與項目管理辦公室(PMO)一起審查范圍變更
Review the scope changes with Project Management Office (PMO)
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:項目章程批準后,明確項目經(jīng)理的職責(zé)和職權(quán);整體變更控制過程貫穿始終,項目經(jīng)理對此承擔(dān)最終責(zé)任,且負責(zé)對變更請求有批準、推遲或否決(或項目發(fā)起人)。因此,相關(guān)方提出變更請求都應(yīng)該實施整體變更控制過程(注意基準確認前后略有不同)。
164、?[單選]?市場營銷總監(jiān)和項目經(jīng)理開會概括了今年的營銷目標(biāo),以及為了實現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)需要完成的項目。這些要求項目經(jīng)理確保項目按指示交付。為了獲得批準,項目經(jīng)理下一步應(yīng)該怎么做?
The marketing director and project manager met to outline this year's marketing goals and the projects that needed to be completed to achieve these goals. ?These require the project manager to ensure the delivery of the project as directed. What should the project manager do next to obtain approval?
A:將項目經(jīng)理計劃提交給發(fā)起人
Submit the project manager plan to the sponsor
B:參與制定項目章程
Participate in project charter development
C:定義項目范圍說明書
Define the project scope statement
D:定義項目需求
Define project requirements
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:考點:項目章程定義:有項目啟動者或發(fā)起人發(fā)布的,正式批準項目成立,并授權(quán)項目經(jīng)理使用組織資源開展項目活動的文件。而且,題目并沒有明確這些項目是否成立,所以第一步應(yīng)該正式成立項目,選B
165、?[單選]?在準備演示項目管理計劃時,一些部門經(jīng)理對該計劃的方向和范圍表示不確定,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
While preparing the demonstration project management plan, some department managers expressed uncertainty about the direction and scope of the plan. What should the project manager do?
A:變更項目風(fēng)險登記冊并確保項目按計劃進行
Change the project risk register and ensure that the project is carried out according to plan
B:執(zhí)行相關(guān)方分析以獲得對該計劃的共識
Conduct stakeholder analysis to gain consensus on the plan
C:尋求項目發(fā)起人對批準項目計劃的支持
Seek support from project sponsor for approval of project plan
D:提出變更請求,更新項目范圍,以滿足相關(guān)方的期望
Make a change request and update the project scope to meet stakeholders' expectations
正確答案:B?你的答案:D
解析:PMBOK(6)P86-4.2.3.1制定項目管理計劃-項目管理計劃。說明項目執(zhí)行、監(jiān)控和收尾方式的一份文件,它整合并綜合了所有子管理計劃和基準,以及管理項目所需的其他信息。計劃應(yīng)該是項目主要相關(guān)方的共識。
166、?[單選]客戶識別到一個新實踐產(chǎn)品的性能問題,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)使用哪一個質(zhì)量成本(COQ)類別來估算這項成本?
The customer identified a performance issue for a new practice product. Which COQ category should the project manager use to estimate this cost?
A:預(yù)防成本
Preventive cost
B:外部失敗成本
External failure cost
C:評估成本
Assess cost
D:內(nèi)部失敗成本
Internal failure cost
正確答案:B?你的答案:A
解析:考點:質(zhì)量成本.不一致成本.外部失敗成本:客戶發(fā)現(xiàn)的。 預(yù)防成本、評估成本是為了“規(guī)避失敗”,題目提到了性能問題,而且是客戶識別的,所以選擇B
167、?[單選]?一個項目中途,發(fā)起人想要改變交付進度計劃,項目經(jīng)理下一步應(yīng)該怎么做?
In the middle of a project, the sponsor wants to change the delivery schedule. What should the project manager do next?
A:確定這對項目關(guān)鍵路徑的影響
Determine the impact of this on the critical path of the project
B:將其添加到問題日志中
Add it to the issue Log
C:提出一項變更請求
Make a change request
D:使用進度壓縮技術(shù)
Use schedule compression technology
正確答案:C?你的答案:C
解析:PMBOK(6)P113-4.6實施整體變更控制。審查所有變更請求、批準變更,管理對可交付成果、項目文件和項目管理計劃的變更,并對變更處理結(jié)果進行溝通。
168、?[單選]?一個計算機更換項目延遲了兩周時間,因為團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)一些組件存在質(zhì)量問題,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
A computer replacement project was delayed for two weeks because the team found quality problems in some components. What should the project manager do?
A:提交變更請求
Submit a change request
B:重定項目進度計劃
Redevelop the project schedule
C:更新項目管理計劃
Update the project management plan
D:取消項目
Cancel the project
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:審題,項目進度已經(jīng)滯后,若采用“控制進度”的工具和技術(shù)后,可能會對進度基準、范圍基準、項目管理計劃或者其他組成部分提出變更請求,因此選擇A。B、C的更新要在變更請求實施整體變更控制過程后,D過于極端。
169、?[單選]?對于由不同國家消費資源提交的可交付成果,項目經(jīng)理識別到一些質(zhì)量問題,確定這些問題來自于某國所使用的材料質(zhì)量。項目經(jīng)理下一步應(yīng)該怎么做?
For deliverables submitted by different countries' consumption resources, the project manager identified some quality problems and determined that these problems were derived from the quality of materials used by a country. What should the project manager do next?
A:審查項目的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準
Review the project's quality criteria
B:通知客戶
Notify the customer
C:將問題升級上報給高級管理層
Report issue upgrade to senior management
D:要求資源使用質(zhì)量更好的原材料
Require to use better quality raw materials
正確答案:A?你的答案:D
解析:”控制質(zhì)量”過程組核實項目可交付成果和工作,是否已經(jīng)達到主要相關(guān)方的質(zhì)量要求,可供最終驗收。題目中項目經(jīng)理識別了質(zhì)量問題,下一步要做的是審查質(zhì)量標(biāo)準,分析存在的質(zhì)量問題與標(biāo)準之間的差異以及下步解決方案,因此選擇A
170、?[單選]?項目經(jīng)理正在實施一個預(yù)算緊張的項目,為確保項目成功,項目經(jīng)理在制定項目章程時應(yīng)采用什么?
The project manager is implementing a project with tight budget. To ensure the success of the project, what should the project manager use while developing the project charter?
A:經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)
Lessons learned
B:質(zhì)量測量指標(biāo)
Quality metrics
C:戰(zhàn)略計劃
Strategic plan
D:成本基準
Cost baseline
正確答案:A?你的答案:D
解析:PMBOK(6)P79-4.1.1.4制定項目章程-組織過程資產(chǎn)。包括歷史與信息經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)知識庫
171、?[單選]?項目經(jīng)理在項目中途發(fā)現(xiàn),一個環(huán)境機構(gòu)的新主任擔(dān)心該項目可能會對環(huán)境造成嚴重影響,并且該主任正在影響項目發(fā)起人。項目經(jīng)理下一步應(yīng)該怎么做?
The project manager discovered in the middle of the project that a new director of an environmental agency was concerned that the project could have a serious environmental impact and the director was affecting the project sponsor. What should the project manager do next?
A:將該主任添加到相關(guān)方登記冊中
Add the director to the stakeholder register
B:要求項目發(fā)起人預(yù)告與該主任之間的互動
Request for interaction between the project sponsor and the director
C:繼續(xù)執(zhí)行項目
Continue to implement the project
D:停止工作,直到主任擔(dān)心的問題解決
Stop working until the issue that the director is concerned about is solved
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:審題”一個環(huán)境機構(gòu)的新主任“,說明之前相關(guān)方未被識別,因此下一步應(yīng)該將相關(guān)方添加到相關(guān)方登記冊中,分析和記錄他們的利益、參與度、相互依賴性、影響力和對項目成功的潛在影響。
172、?[單選]?一個項目團隊正在不同時區(qū)工作,團隊成員之間經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)誤解,盡管項目經(jīng)理試圖解決這個問題,但這個問題一直沒有得到解決。若要改善這種情況,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
A project team is working in different time zones. There are frequent misunderstandings among team members. Although the project manager tried to solve this problem, the problem has not been solved. What should the project manager do to improve this situation?
A:在團隊會議上解決這個問題
Solve this problem at the team meeting
B:與每位團隊成員分別解決這個問題
Solve this problem separately with each team member
C:修訂溝通管理計劃
Revise the communication management plan
D:審查相關(guān)方的需求
Review the stakeholders' requirements
正確答案:C?你的答案:C
解析:PMBOK 第六版第十章概述中提到“在項目溝通中,需要盡力預(yù)防理解錯誤和溝通錯誤,并從規(guī)劃過程所規(guī)定的各種方法,發(fā)送方,接收方和信息中做出謹慎選擇”。由此可見,溝通中出現(xiàn)無解,應(yīng)從規(guī)劃過程相關(guān)的方法(修訂溝通管理計劃)的方向去解決
173、?[單選]?一個項目已經(jīng)結(jié)束,然而項目經(jīng)理和項目團隊成員仍然被要求解決技術(shù)問題,進行一些小的變更,并評估新的需求,若要保證項目開發(fā)的產(chǎn)品現(xiàn)在具有運營支持,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
A project is over. However, the project manager and project team members are still required to solve technical problems, make small changes and evaluate new requirements. What should the project manager do to ensure that the products developed by the project now have operational support?
A:執(zhí)行項目轉(zhuǎn)交
Execute project transfer
B:獲得項目驗收
Obtain project acceptance
C:解散項目團隊并找到一個新項目
Disband the project team and find a new project
D:就像產(chǎn)品在開發(fā)中一樣滿足所有剩余需求
Meet all remaining requirements just like in product development
正確答案:B?你的答案:A
解析:PMBOK(6)P166-5.5.3.1確認范圍-驗收的可交付成果。符合驗收標(biāo)準的可交付成果應(yīng)該由客戶或發(fā)起人正式簽字批準。應(yīng)該從客戶或發(fā)起人那里獲得正式文件,證明相關(guān)方對項目可交付成果的正式驗收。這些文件將提交給結(jié)束項目或階段過程。
174、?[單選]?項目經(jīng)理正在制定一個關(guān)鍵項目的資源管理計劃,該項目涉及位于不同國家具有不同文化的資源,下列哪一項將幫助項目經(jīng)理處理這種情況?
The project manager is developing the ?resources management plan for a key project that involves different culture resources in different countries. Which of the following will help the project manager deal with this situation?
A:團隊建設(shè)活動
Team building activities
B:事業(yè)環(huán)境因素
Business environment factors
C:人際關(guān)系技能
Interpersonal skills
D:虛擬團隊
Virtual team
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:PMBOK(6)P315-9.1.1.4規(guī)劃資源管理-事業(yè)環(huán)境因素。包括組織文化和結(jié)構(gòu)、設(shè)施和資源的地理分布、現(xiàn)有資源的能力和可用性、市場條件。
175、?[單選]?對于一個新的研發(fā)項目,必須估算一些有風(fēng)險活動的成本。為確保高準確性,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該使用什么估算技術(shù)?
For a new R&D project, it is necessary to estimate the cost of some risky activities. What estimation techniques should the project manager use to ensure high accuracy?
A:參數(shù)估量
Parameter estimating
B:類比估量
Analogous estimating
C:質(zhì)量成本(COQ)
Cost of Quality (COQ)
D:三點估算法
Three-point estimating method
正確答案:D?你的答案:D
解析:PMBOK(6)P244-7.2.2.5估算成本-三點估算。通過考慮估算中的不確定性與風(fēng)險,使用三種估算值來界定活動成本的近似區(qū)間,可以提高單點成本估算的準確性。
176、?[單選]?產(chǎn)品設(shè)計被認為是各種制造問題的根本原因,若要在將來避免面對同樣的問題,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
Product design is considered to be the root cause of various manufacturing problems. What should the project manager do to avoid the same problems in the future?
A:執(zhí)行實施質(zhì)量保證過程
Implement the quality assurance process
B:審查過程改進計劃
Check the process improvement plan
C:執(zhí)行實施整體變更控制過程
Perform integrated change control process
D:更新經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)知識庫
Update the lessons learned repository
正確答案:D?你的答案:D
解析:PMBOK(6)P104-4.4.3.1管理項目知識-經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)登記冊。在項目早期創(chuàng)建,在整個項目期間可以作為很多過程的輸入,也可以作為輸出而不斷更新。在項目或階段結(jié)束時,把相關(guān)信息歸入經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)知識庫,稱為組織過程資產(chǎn)的一部分。經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)可以供未來管理項目參考,實施質(zhì)量保證不能避免同樣的問題出現(xiàn)。實施質(zhì)量保證避免同樣問題出現(xiàn)也是參考經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)的。
177、?[單選]?最近發(fā)布的一項新技術(shù)可以將正在進行的項目的開發(fā)任務(wù)加快30%,團隊非??释褂眠@項新技術(shù),但識別到由于缺乏知識和支持而可能出現(xiàn)問題的風(fēng)險。項目經(jīng)理和團隊如何確定使用這種技術(shù)是否會讓項目收益?
A recently released new technology can accelerate the development of ongoing projects by 30%. The team is very eager to use this new technology, but it identified the risk of possible problems due to lack of knowledge and support. How can the project manager and team determine whether using this technology will benefit the project?
A:審查風(fēng)險管理計劃,以確定新技術(shù)是否是一項不必要的風(fēng)險
Review the risk management plan to determine if the new technology is an unnecessary risk
B:執(zhí)行定量風(fēng)險分析,且如果風(fēng)險排在前10位,就拒絕使用這項新技術(shù)
Perform quantitative risk analysis and reject the use of this new technology if risk is ranked in top 10
C:使用掙值技術(shù),如果掙值分析樂觀就使用這項新技術(shù)
Use earned value technology if the earned value analysis is optimistic
D:執(zhí)行敏感性分析以確定對項目結(jié)果可能的影響
Perform sensitivity analysis to determine possible impact on project results
正確答案:D?你的答案:D
解析:PMBOK(6)P433-11.4.2.5實施定量風(fēng)險分析-數(shù)據(jù)分析-敏感性分析。有助于確定哪些單個項目風(fēng)險或其他不確定性來源對項目結(jié)果具有最大的潛在影響。它在項目結(jié)果變異與定量風(fēng)險分析模型中的要素變異之間建立聯(lián)系。
178、?[單選]?一個組織正在開始一個大型的,首個這種類型的項目,項目經(jīng)理與相關(guān)方召開會議。以識別潛在的項目問題。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該使用什么工具和技術(shù)來改進會議的結(jié)果?
An organization is starting a large, first-of-its-kind type of project. The project manager holds meetings with stakeholders to identify potential project issues. What tools and techniques should the project manager use to improve the meeting results?
??A:頭腦風(fēng)暴,德爾菲技術(shù)和訪談
Brainstorming, Delphi technique and interview
??B:頭腦風(fēng)暴,因果圖和流程圖
Brainstorming, cause and effect diagram and flow chart
??C:頭腦風(fēng)暴,風(fēng)險分類和專家判斷
Brainstorming, risk categorization and expert judgment
??D:頭腦風(fēng)暴,影響圖以及優(yōu)勢丶劣勢丶機會與威脅(SWOT)分析
Brainstorming, influence diagram and SWOT analysis
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:考察識別風(fēng)險的工具技術(shù),因果圖,風(fēng)險分類,影響圖都是用于風(fēng)險分析排除,選A
179、?[單選]?在執(zhí)行項目期間,發(fā)生了一個意外情況。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該審查哪些信息來確定適當(dāng)?shù)男袆樱?/p>
An unexpected situation occurred during the implementation of the project. ?What information should the project manager review to determine the appropriate action?
A:團隊社交門戶
Team social portal
B:項目管理計劃
Project management plan
C:經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)
Lessons learned
D:專家判斷
Expert judgment
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:應(yīng)查閱項目管理計劃的各種子計劃,以確定該意外情況對項目的成本,進度等方面的影響,并查看已規(guī)劃的應(yīng)對措施。
180、?[單選]?由于項目執(zhí)行期間的范圍變更,項目經(jīng)理確定供應(yīng)商必須對一個已在使用的產(chǎn)品模塊進行變更,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該先做什么?
Because of scope changes during project implementation, the project manager determined that the supplier must make changes to a product module that was already in use. What should the project manager do first?
A:準備一份變更請求,以更新供應(yīng)商的合同條款
Prepare a change request to update the supplier's contract terms
B:檢查采購管理計劃和合同條款
Check the procurement management plan and contract terms
C:將此信息更新到風(fēng)險登記冊和問題日志
Update this information to the risk register and issue log
D:直接與供應(yīng)商談判達成一致
Negotiate directly with the supplier to reach a consensus
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:題干“確定供應(yīng)商必須對……變更”已經(jīng)確定了要變更,那么直接準備變更請求走變更流程
181、?[單選]?一個項目需要進行一個新國家銷售產(chǎn)品的可行性研究。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)使用什么合同類型?
A project needs to conduct a feasibility study on promoting products in a new country. ?What type of contract should the project manager use?
A:工科合同(T&M)
Time and Material (T&M) Contract? ?
B:總價加經(jīng)濟價格調(diào)整合同(FP-EPA)
Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment ?(FPEPA) Contract
C:成本加獎勵費用合同(CPAF)
Cost Plus Award Fee (CPAF) Contract
D:成本加激勵費用合同(CPIF)
Cost Plus Incentive Fee (CPIF) Contract
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:由于是新國家銷售產(chǎn)品的可行性研究,所以不確定性較大,無法快速編制出準確的工作說明書。根據(jù)PMBOK第六版12.1.1.6中對合同類型的描述,選擇A工料合同。
182、?[單選]?創(chuàng)建項目章程的項目發(fā)起人需要已包含工作的成本估算,由于組織已經(jīng)完成許多類似的項目。發(fā)起人尋求項目經(jīng)理的幫助。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該使用什么來創(chuàng)建適合的估算?
The project sponsor who creates the project charter needs the cost estimate of the containing work, as the organization has completed many similar projects. ?The sponsor seeks the help of the project manager. What should the project manager use to create a suitable estimate?
A:粗略量級估算
Rough magnitude estimating
B:自下而上估算
Bottom-up estimating
C:類比估算
Analogous estimating
D:專家判斷
Expert judgment
正確答案:C?你的答案:C
解析:參見PMBOK第六版6.4.2.2,由于組織已經(jīng)完成過“許多類似的項目”,所以可以使用過去類似項目有的參數(shù)值為基礎(chǔ),來估算未來項目的同類參數(shù)或指標(biāo)。
183、?[單選]?項目團隊成員遺漏可交付成果。若要解決這個問題,項目經(jīng)理首先應(yīng)該做什么?
Project team members missed deliverables. What should the project manager do to solve this problem first?
A:收集由團隊執(zhí)行的活動和相關(guān)信息
Collect activities and related information performed by the team
B:將工作委托給高級團隊成員,讓其擔(dān)任主管
Delegate the work to a senior team member as the supervisor
C:將所有團隊成員的工作分成相等的部分
Divide the work of all team members into equal parts
D:提供培訓(xùn),以便團隊成員可以處理額外的工作
Provide training, so that team members can handle additional work
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:參見PMBOK第六版5.5 , 項目經(jīng)理目前正在進行確認范圍過程,需要首先收集工作績效數(shù)據(jù)和核實的可交付成果,再通過檢查技術(shù),判斷遺漏了什么。
184、?[單選]?在項目啟動大會之后,分配給項目團隊的一位技術(shù)專家對被選中參與項目工作態(tài)度很消極,為避免對其他項目成員造成負面影響。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
After the kick-off meeting conference, a technical expert assigned to the project team was very negative about being selected to participate in the project. What should the project manager do?
A:請求人力資源部門替換這位技術(shù)專家
Request the human resources department to replace this technical expert
B:嘗試去理解這位技術(shù)專家的態(tài)度,并基于收集到的信息再采取進一步行動
Try to understand the attitude of this technical expert and take further action based on the information collected
C:給該技術(shù)專家發(fā)出書面警告他言行的不當(dāng),以避免對其他成員造成負面影響
Give the technical expert a written warning of his improper words and actions to avoid negative impact on other members
D:給該技術(shù)專家分配一項可以避免跟其他人有互動的任務(wù)
Assign this technical expert a task that can avoid interaction with other members
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:應(yīng)首先嘗試了解該技術(shù)專家態(tài)度消極的背后原因,再進行相關(guān)處理。
185、?[單選]?一份重要項目文件的過期版本被誤發(fā)給一組項目相關(guān)方。更新問題日志之后,項目經(jīng)理下一步應(yīng)該做什么?
An outdated version of an important project document was mistakenly sent to a group of stakeholders. After updating the issue log, what should the project manager do next?
A:確定糾正措施并執(zhí)行缺陷補救。
Determine corrective actions, and perform defect repair.
B:確定預(yù)防措施并執(zhí)行缺陷補救。
Determine preventive actions, and perform defect repair.
C:確定糾正措施并更新工作績效報告。
Determine corrective actions, and update the work performance report.
D:確定預(yù)防措施并更新工作績效報告。
Determine preventive actions, and update the work performance report.
正確答案:B?你的答案:A
解析:見PMBOK 8.3.1.3為了處理版本誤發(fā)問題必須執(zhí)行缺陷補救,為了避免以后發(fā)生同樣問題需要確定預(yù)防措施。
186、?[單選]?一個平衡矩陣組織中的項目管理辦公室(PMO)必須向CEO提供某項目狀態(tài),進度,資源統(tǒng)計和項目組合指標(biāo)的季度報告,為完成這個目標(biāo),項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該注意什么?
The project management office (PMO) in a balanced matrix organization must provide the CEO with a quarterly report on project status, progress, resource statistics and portfolio indicators. What should the project manager pay attention to in order to accomplish this goal?
A:溝通模型
Communication model
B:項目管理信息系統(tǒng)
Project management information system
C:會議
Meeting
D:績效報告
Performance report
正確答案:D?你的答案:A
解析:工作績效報告匯集了項目績效和狀態(tài)信息,可用于促進討論和建立溝通。題干中表明需提交項目狀態(tài),進度,資源統(tǒng)計和項目組合指標(biāo)的季度報告,正式非常重要的工作績效報告,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該格外注意。A、B、C更多是溝通的工作和技術(shù),在這里,D更合適。
187、?[單選]?項目發(fā)起人希望減少質(zhì)量保證時間來縮短進度,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
The project sponsor wants to reduce the quality assurance time to shorten the schedule. What should the project manager do?
A:減少質(zhì)量保證時間
Reduce quality assurance time
B:執(zhí)行質(zhì)量成本(coq)分析
Execute Cost of Quality (CoQ) analysis
C:告訴發(fā)起人項目管理計劃中關(guān)于質(zhì)量保證(qa)的部分
Tell the sponsor about the quality assurance (QA) part in the project management plan
D:與質(zhì)量保證團隊一起進行時間估算
Estimate time with the quality assurance team
正確答案:B?你的答案:C
解析:質(zhì)量進度縮減必然會引起項目的變化,項目經(jīng)理收到發(fā)起人項目質(zhì)量的時間范圍變更,要先分析計算然后再執(zhí)行。必須開展COQ分析,才能驗證是否能以及是否應(yīng)該滿足項目發(fā)起人的需求
188、?[單選]?因為所在國家的政治局勢發(fā)生變化,項目經(jīng)理的公司決定停止在此國發(fā)布新產(chǎn)品,并將產(chǎn)品等轉(zhuǎn)賣給競爭對手,請問這是采取什么風(fēng)險手段?
Because the political situation in the host country has changed, the project manager's company decided to stop releasing new products in the country and resell the products to competitors. What are the risk measures?
A:減輕
Mitigation
B:規(guī)避
Avoidance
C:轉(zhuǎn)移
Transfer
D:接受
Acceptance
正確答案:B?你的答案:C
解析:風(fēng)險規(guī)避是指項目團隊采取行動來消除威脅,或保護項目免受威脅的影響。題目顯示已經(jīng)徹底放棄這個產(chǎn)品了,就絕對規(guī)避了。
189、?[單選]?由于一名資源過度承諾而導(dǎo)致一些任務(wù)未完成。項目經(jīng)理意識到如果使用其他資源將不能按時完成關(guān)鍵路徑。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)使用什么來滿足進度計劃?
Some tasks have not been completed due to an excessive commitment of resources. The project manager realizes that the critical path will not be completed on time if other resources are used. What should the project manager use to meet the progress plan?
A:假設(shè)情景分析
Scenario Analysis
B:資源平衡
Resource Balance
C:趕工
Clock
D:資源平滑
Resource Smoothing
正確答案:D?你的答案:C
解析:資源平滑。對進度模型中的活動進行調(diào)整,從而使項目資源需求不超過預(yù)定的資源限制的一種技術(shù)。相對于資源平衡而言,資源平滑不會改變項目關(guān)鍵路徑,完工日期也不會延遲。也就是說,活動只在其自由和總浮動時間內(nèi)延遲。因此,資源平滑技術(shù)可能無法實現(xiàn)所有資源的優(yōu)化。這就意味著如果該資源在某些非關(guān)鍵路徑上的浮動時間較多的話,也是有可能實現(xiàn)資源優(yōu)化,滿足既定的進度計劃要求的。
190、?[單選]?一位關(guān)鍵相關(guān)方威脅起訴承包商,因為一個關(guān)鍵功能無法按預(yù)期執(zhí)行,承包商卻認為他們已經(jīng)按照約定履行了合同。在采購行動之前 ,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該查看哪份文件?
A key stakeholder threatened to sue the contractor because a key function could not be implemented as expected, but the contractor thought that they had performed the contract as agreed. Before the procurement action, which document should the project manager check?
A:質(zhì)量管理計劃
Quality management plan
B:需求跟蹤矩陣
Requirements traceability matrix
C:項目范圍說明書
Project scope statement
D:驗收標(biāo)準
Acceptance criteria
正確答案:C?你的答案:B
解析:《PMBOK》第6版 154頁,5.3.3.1:范圍說明書。題干中描述的場景是甲乙雙方對是否履行了合同產(chǎn)生分歧,遇到這種問題時要看承包商是否滿足了驗收標(biāo)準,所以要去查詢項目范圍說明書。雖然為解決分歧,需要去查閱驗收標(biāo)準,但是題干中問的是哪份文件,所以不能選D。
191、?[單選]?制定項目章程時,銷售團隊和運營團隊對高層次項目描述和需求意見不一致。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
While developing a project charter, a disagreement on the high-level project description and requirements occurs between the sales and operational teams. What should the project manager do?
A:使用專家判斷來完成項目章程。
Use expert judgment to complete the project charter.
B:安排一次與項目發(fā)起人的會議。
Schedule a meeting with the sponsor.
C:應(yīng)用引導(dǎo)技術(shù)解決問題。
Apply facilitation techniques for problem solving.
D:使用可用的詳細信息完成項目章程。
Complete the project charter with the available details.
正確答案:C?你的答案:B
解析:指南-4.1.2.3人際關(guān)系與團隊技能-引導(dǎo),指有效引導(dǎo)團隊活動成功以達成決定、解決方案或結(jié)論的能力。引導(dǎo)者確保參與者有效參與,互相理解,考慮所有意見,按既定決策流程全力支持得到的結(jié)論或結(jié)果,以及所達成的行動計劃和協(xié)議在之后得到合理執(zhí)行。
192、?[單選]?一個施工項目位于熱帶地區(qū),該項目的風(fēng)險登記冊包括雨季洪水的風(fēng)險,現(xiàn)在雨季已經(jīng)結(jié)束,項目即將完成。應(yīng)使用哪一項工具或技術(shù)來管理這個風(fēng)險?
A construction project is located in the tropics. The project's risk register includes the risk of flooding during the rainy season. Now that the rainy season is over, the project is about to be completed. Which tool or technology should be used to manage the risk?
??A:風(fēng)險審查會
??B:風(fēng)險轉(zhuǎn)移
??C:風(fēng)險規(guī)避
??D:風(fēng)險審計
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:PMBOK》第6版 453頁,11.7:監(jiān)督風(fēng)險,在控制風(fēng)險中,經(jīng)常需要識別新風(fēng)險,對現(xiàn)有風(fēng)險進行再評估,以及刪去已過時的風(fēng)險。應(yīng)該定期進行項目風(fēng)險審查會。
193、?[單選]?在執(zhí)行一個幾乎落后于進度的項目時,項目經(jīng)理必須試運行一臺新設(shè)備。一個會被該項目影響的當(dāng)?shù)亟M織要求立即停止項目,因為沒有向他們提供批準項目的機會。若要避免這個問題,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該事先做什么?
While executing a project that is lagging behind the schedule, the project manager must try a new device. ?A local organization that will be affected by the project required an immediate stop of the project because there was no opportunity for them to approve the project. To avoid this problem, what should the project manager do in advance?
A:使用沖突管理技術(shù)
Use conflict management technology
B:獲得所有相關(guān)方簽署和批準項目章程
Get all stakeholders to sign and approve the project charter
C:使用談判和影響技巧和技能
Use negotiation and influence skills
D:實施相關(guān)方參與計劃
Implement stakeholder engagement plan
正確答案:D?你的答案:D?
解析:《PMBOK》第6版 523頁,13.3:管理相關(guān)方參與,被項目影響的當(dāng)?shù)亟M織干擾到了項目的執(zhí)行,說明在相關(guān)方管理方面存在疏漏。
194、?[單選]?項目經(jīng)理正在執(zhí)行一個新的項目,以解決之前完成的一個項目的差距。項目經(jīng)理首先應(yīng)該做什么?
A project manager is executing a new project to solve the gap of a previously completed project. ?What should the project manager do first?
A:計劃使用相同的項目資源
Plan to use the same project resources
B:準備項目管理計劃
Prepare project management plan
C:定義要求,并最終確定范圍
Define requirements and finalize the scope
D:參閱經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)文件
Refer to lessons learned documents
正確答案:D?你的答案:D
解析:《PMBOK》第6版 79頁,4.1.1.4:組織過程資產(chǎn),項目經(jīng)理在執(zhí)行一個新的項目來解決上一個項目的差距,首先要查詢組織過程資產(chǎn),用來分析項目的高層次需求。
195、?[單選]?在一個高層管理會議上,定義了戰(zhàn)略組織目標(biāo)。其中一個目標(biāo)是通過進入本地區(qū)內(nèi)的一個細分市場提高 8%的銷售組合。一名項目經(jīng)理被任命管理這個項目。項目經(jīng)理下一步應(yīng)該怎么做?
At a senior management meeting, strategic organizational goals are defined. One of the goals is to increase the 8% sales mix by entering a market segment in the local area. A project manager was appointed to manage the project. What should the project manager do next?
A:執(zhí)行成本效益分析。
Implementation cost-benefit analysis
B:召開焦點小組會議收集市場調(diào)研。
Hold focus group meeting to collect market research
C:執(zhí)行相關(guān)方分析。
Perform related party analysis
D:查閱組織過程資產(chǎn)。
Review organization process assets
正確答案:A?你的答案:B
解析:商業(yè)論證或類似文件能從商業(yè)角度提供必要的信息,決定項目是否值得投資。高于項目級別的經(jīng)理和高管們往往使用該文件作為決策的依據(jù)。在商業(yè)論證中,開展業(yè)務(wù)需要和成本效益分析,論證項目的合理性,并確定項目邊界。8%為戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo),商業(yè)論證中的成本效益分析論證戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的可行性及可操作性,從而進行項目邊界定義。
196、?[單選]?項目經(jīng)理與項目相關(guān)方開會,獲得關(guān)于如何最好地向施工現(xiàn)場輸送用品的信息和知識。屬于哪種方法類型?
A project manager holds a meeting with project stakeholders to obtain information and knowledge on how to best deliver supplies to the construction site. ?Which method type is he or she using?
A:交互式溝通
Interactive communication
B:內(nèi)部溝通
Internal communication
C:拉式溝通
Pull communication
D:推式溝通
Push communication
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:《PMBOK》第6版374頁,10.1.2.5:溝通方法-互動溝通,在兩方或多方之間進行的實時多向信息交換。它使用諸如會議、電話、即時信息、社交媒體和視頻會議等溝通工件。
197、?[單選]?項目經(jīng)理收到一個請求,向額外的項目相關(guān)方發(fā)送狀態(tài)報告。項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該更新哪一份文件?
A project manager received a request to send the status report to the additional stakeholders. Which document should the project manager update?
A:項目章程
Project charter
B:變更日志
Change log
C:溝通管理計劃
Communication management plan
D:相關(guān)方參與計劃
Stakeholder management plan
正確答案:C?你的答案:C
解析:《PMBOK》第6版 377頁,10.1.3.1:溝通管理計劃,溝通管理計劃中包括相關(guān)方的溝通需求,需溝通的信息,接收信息的人員或群體等信息。
198、?[單選]?由于客戶對解決方案的期望得到滿足,一個項目被終止,項目經(jīng)理現(xiàn)在應(yīng)更新哪一份文件?
Since the customer's expectations for the solution were met, a project was terminated. Which document should the project manager update now?
A:項目記錄
Project records
B:經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)
Lessons learned
C:相關(guān)方通知
Notice of stakeholders
D:項目演示
Project demonstration
正確答案:B?你的答案:B
解析:《PMBOK》第6版 39頁,2.3:組織過程資產(chǎn),組織過程資產(chǎn)中包括以往項目的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)和歷史。項目雖然被終止,但是要對項目實施過程中暴露出來的問題進行分析總結(jié),匯總?cè)虢M織過程資產(chǎn)。
199、?[單選]?在一個價值200萬美元的項目測試階段,團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些缺陷,由于截止期限快到了,他們可能無法修復(fù)所有缺陷。若要確定集中哪項工作,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)使用什么工具或技術(shù)?
During the testing phase of a $2 million project, the team discovered some defects. As the deadline is approaching, they may not be able to repair all the defects. Which tool or technology should the project manager use to determine which job to focus on?
A:帕累托圖
Pareto diagram
B:矩陣圖
Matrix diagram
C:散點圖
Scatter diagram
D:專家判斷
Expert judgment
正確答案:A?你的答案:A
解析:《PMBOK》第6版 303頁,8.3.2.3:數(shù)據(jù)分析,帕累托圖是一種特殊的垂直條形圖,用于識別造成大多數(shù)問題的少數(shù)重要原因
200、?[單選]?在項目實施期間,一些團隊成員抱怨說他們對項目可交付成果不確定。若要確保項目團隊按照項目范圍工作,項目經(jīng)理應(yīng)該怎么做?
During project implementation, some team members complain that they are unsure about the project’s deliverables. What should the project manager do to ensure that the project team is working according to project scope?
A:審查執(zhí)行、負責(zé)、咨詢和知情(RACI)矩陣。
Review the responsible, accountable, consult, and inform (RACI) matrix.
B:更新溝通管理計劃,澄清期望。
Update the communications management plan to clarify
C:與團隊分享項目章程。
Share the project charter with the team.
D:將工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)(WBS)分發(fā)給團隊。
Distribute the work breakdown structure (WBS) to the team.
正確答案:D?你的答案:A
解析:WBS 是對項目團隊為實現(xiàn)項目目標(biāo)、創(chuàng)建所需可交付成果而需要實施的全部工作范圍的層級分解。