Dec 13 2021

對洞穴人來說，很少有東西是資源

曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，煤炭不是一種資源

布雷特：英國獨(dú)立電視臺(tái)（ITV）上有一個(gè)故事，談到亞馬遜產(chǎn)生了多少所謂的廢物，亞馬遜經(jīng)常銷毀一大堆產(chǎn)品。

Brett:?There was a story on ITV in the U.K. talking about how much supposed waste Amazon produces, that Amazon was routinely destroying a whole bunch of products.

我想，“為什么這些人要將他們的觀點(diǎn)插入到他們完全不了解的業(yè)務(wù)中？換句話說，在認(rèn)知上，他們是否希望亞馬遜能夠完全了解需要生產(chǎn)多少產(chǎn)品？或者他們寧愿亞馬遜生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品不足，這樣想要購買它們的人實(shí)際上就無法買到它們？

I thought, “Why are these people inserting their opinion into a business that they know absolutely nothing about?” Would they prefer Amazon to have the perfect knowledge of precisely how many products need to be made? In other words, an epistemologically impossible situation to be in. Or would they prefer that Amazon made insufficient products, so the people who wanted to purchase them weren’t actually able to get ahold of them?

當(dāng)然，亞馬遜所做的是賺得比他們需要的多些。這是任何企業(yè)都會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。他們時(shí)不時(shí)地賺得略高于他們需要的錢。

What Amazon does, of course, is make slightly more than what they need. That’s what happens in any business. They make slightly more than what they need now and again.

納瓦爾：曾經(jīng)有一位風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家對我爭辯說：鞋子的種類太多了，這是資本投資為何失敗的一個(gè)例子--沒有人需要這么多種運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。

I once had a venture capitalist argue to me that there were too many kinds of shoes and it was an example of how capitalism had failed because nobody needs this many kinds of sneakers.

我問他的問題是：“你從什么時(shí)候知道鞋子太多了？在歷史上，我們認(rèn)為鞋子太多的意義是什么？以前我們需要更多的鞋子，因?yàn)槲覀冃枰袕椥缘男樱覀冃枰陀玫男?，我們需要更厚底的鞋子，我們需要更輕便的鞋子，我們需要各種令人驚嘆的鞋子創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)意。

My question to him was, “When did you know that there were too many shoes?” What’s the point in history where we decide there are too many shoes? Before we needed more shoes because we needed more stretchy shoes, we needed more durable shoes, we needed thicker soled shoes, we needed lighter shoes, we needed all kinds of amazing shoe innovations.

然后在某個(gè)時(shí)候，有人決定，“實(shí)際上我們有足夠的鞋子，現(xiàn)在我們需要停止所有其他鞋類產(chǎn)品線。你是從哪里想到這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)？你只是碰巧出生在正確的時(shí)間和正確的地點(diǎn)，以確定是的，我們有足夠的鞋子？

And then at some point, somebody decides, “Actually we have enough shoes. Now we need to kill all the other shoe lines.” Where did you come up with this idea that you just happened to be born at the right time and the right place to identify that yes we have enough shoes?

這是每個(gè)人都會(huì)陷入的某種狹隘主義。

This is a certain parochialism that everyone falls into.

還有一個(gè)更宏觀的版本，那就是“我們的資源快用完了”的說法。它始于這樣一種想法：即地球是有限的，在這組有限的資源里，我們正在消耗它們。所以，如果我們不減少消費(fèi)，我們都會(huì)因資源匱乏而死去。

There’s a more macro version of it, which is this “we’re running out of resources” philosophy. It starts with this idea that the Earth is finite, that there’s this finite set of resources and we’re consuming them all. And therefore we’re all going to die if we don’t tamp back our consumption.?

首先，你是怎么確定這個(gè)是地球（這些資源是地球的，這些資源是有限的？地球只有這些資源可用？）您是怎么知道您的城鎮(zhèn)沒有資源耗盡的？為什么這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)不是你想要拯救的實(shí)際區(qū)域，你怎么知道小鎮(zhèn)之外的一切都是外界、都無法到達(dá)呢？哈哈哈

First of all, how did you decide that it was the Earth? How did you decide that your town wasn’t running out of resources? Why wasn’t the town the actual area that you wanted to save and then everything outside of that was foreign and unreachable?

為什么要在地球周圍劃定邊界？我們可以去太陽系、我們可以去銀河系、我們可以去宇宙、我們可以進(jìn)入多元宇宙。如果您知道如何利用它們，那里有很多資源。

Why draw the boundary around the Earth? We could go to the solar system. We could go to the galaxy, we could go to the universe. We could go to the multiverse. There are a lot of resources out there if you know how to harness them.

那么，你如何定義什么是資源呢？資源只是通過知識從一件事轉(zhuǎn)換為另一件事的東西。

Then, how do you define what a resource is? A resource is just something that through knowledge you can convert from one thing to another.

曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，煤炭不是一種資源;鐵不是一種資源。對于穴居人來說，很少有東西是資源——只有一些可食用的植物和動(dòng)物，僅此而已。

There was a time when coal wasn’t a resource; iron wasn’t a resource. To a caveman very few things are resources—just a few edible plants and a few edible animals and that’s it.

馴化、收獲農(nóng)作物、冶金、化學(xué)、物理學(xué)、開發(fā)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和火箭——所有這些都是將我們認(rèn)為毫無價(jià)值的東西轉(zhuǎn)化為資源的東西。鈾已經(jīng)從完全一文不值變成了一種令人難以置信的資源。

Domestication, harvesting crops, metallurgy, chemistry, physics, developing engines and rockets—all of these are things that are taking things that we thought were worthless and turning them into resources. Uranium has gone from being completely worthless to being an incredible resource.

這種世界的有限資源模型暗示了知識也是有限的，它說知識創(chuàng)造已經(jīng)結(jié)束。我們停留在目前的這一點(diǎn)上，因此，根據(jù)我們目前所擁有的知識，可用的資源是有限的，我們必須開始節(jié)約資源。

This finite resource model of the world implicitly assumes finite knowledge. It says knowledge creation has come to an end. We are stuck at this current point, and, therefore, based on the knowledge that we have currently, these are all the resources available to us. Now we must start conserving.

但我們總是可以創(chuàng)造更多的知識。

But knowledge is a thing that we can always create more of.

瑪麗與讀者共勉：不要給任何人、事、物貼標(biāo)簽、下定義、出結(jié)論；不要陷入教條主義 。升級迭代自己的思辨力、學(xué)習(xí)力、創(chuàng)造力，保持一顆無限、開放、包容、接納未知、學(xué)習(xí)、創(chuàng)造的好奇心去擁抱、發(fā)現(xiàn)、開拓、享受、駕馭更廣的世界（宇宙）。不被世間萬物定義、也不定義世間萬物；萬物皆不為我所有，萬物皆可為我所用。創(chuàng)造無限想象與現(xiàn)實(shí)鏈接的空間universe~