容器互聯(lián)

• 查看所有的docker網(wǎng)絡(luò)

docker network ls

[root@z ~]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME      DRIVER    SCOPE
7c0a6bbfb297   bridge    bridge    local
024e9d72cb99   host      host      local
8f57783bd653   none      null      local

• 網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式
  bridge:橋接docker(默認(rèn)，使用bridge模式)
  none:不配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)
  host :和宿主機(jī)共享網(wǎng)絡(luò)
  container :容器網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通!(用的少!局限很大)

• 定義一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò) mynet

docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.0.0/16 --gateway 192.168.0.1 mynet
--driver bridge 模式：橋接 （不指定默認(rèn)是bridge橋接模式）
--subnet 192.168.0.0/16 子網(wǎng)掩碼
--gateway 192.168.0.1 網(wǎng)關(guān)地址

[root@z ~]# docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.0.0/16 --gateway 192.168.0.1 mynet
003a4c431d4731aaeb3cdb260ce7d9980758ac9321dfcc79d6583062a7d13a32
# 查看所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)
[root@z ~]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME      DRIVER    SCOPE
7c0a6bbfb297   bridge    bridge    local
024e9d72cb99   host      host      local
003a4c431d47   mynet     bridge    local
8f57783bd653   none      null      local

• 查看創(chuàng)建的網(wǎng)絡(luò)詳情

[root@z ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
    {
        "Name": "mynet",
        "Id": "003a4c431d4731aaeb3cdb260ce7d9980758ac9321dfcc79d6583062a7d13a32",
        "Created": "2021-07-16T04:58:41.978269728-04:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {},
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

• 啟動(dòng)容器并指定網(wǎng)絡(luò)

docker run -d --name tomcat01 --network 網(wǎng)絡(luò)名 tomcat

[root@z ~]# docker run -d -P --name tomcat01 --network mynet tomcat
d58a59b091de1969403d96ff2e26449a881ac68c40f0abff2da3394d12d8f887
[root@z ~]# docker run -d -P --name tomcat02 --network mynet tomcat
2b4b3773f8acdbc98c2ba29e64122230cd4fc2b7ab8b08c3a9941fa3f0d8474c

• 查看自定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)的詳情

docker network inspect mynet

[root@z ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
    {
        "Name": "mynet",
        "Id": "003a4c431d4731aaeb3cdb260ce7d9980758ac9321dfcc79d6583062a7d13a32",
        "Created": "2021-07-16T04:58:41.978269728-04:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": { 容器對(duì)應(yīng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置
            "2b4b3773f8acdbc98c2ba29e64122230cd4fc2b7ab8b08c3a9941fa3f0d8474c": {
                "Name": "tomcat02",
                "EndpointID": "b2f6378192743c496c8260f4c4ff5644ff341bc980720c417114f661c0ba6b5f",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:03",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.3/16", tomcat02的地址192.168.0.3
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
            "d58a59b091de1969403d96ff2e26449a881ac68c40f0abff2da3394d12d8f887": {
                "Name": "tomcat01",
                "EndpointID": "93a9dddc9cf90c51eac83c201761868628f8d73d3ebb650d250e981a7ace25f2",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:02",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.2/16",  tomcat01的地址192.168.0.2
                "IPv6Address": ""
            }
        },
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

已經(jīng)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息里看到了容器網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息

測(cè)試 通過服務(wù)名（容器名）進(jìn)行通訊

• 查看容器tomcat01和容器tomcat02的ip

[root@z ~]# docker exec tomcat01 ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
13: eth0@if14: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default 
    link/ether 02:42:c0:a8:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 192.168.0.2/16 brd 192.168.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@z ~]# docker exec tomcat02 ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
15: eth0@if16: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default 
    link/ether 02:42:c0:a8:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 192.168.0.3/16 brd 192.168.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

容器tomcat01的ip為 192.168.0.2
容器tomcat02的ip為 192.168.0.3

• 測(cè)試使用ip是否可以ping通

[root@z ~]# docker exec tomcat01 ping 192.168.0.3
PING 192.168.0.3 (192.168.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.122 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.346 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.06 ms

• 測(cè)試使用容器名是否可以ping通

[root@z ~]# docker exec tomcat01 ping tomcat02
PING tomcat02 (192.168.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from tomcat02.mynet (192.168.0.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.082 ms
64 bytes from tomcat02.mynet (192.168.0.3): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.057 ms
64 bytes from tomcat02.mynet (192.168.0.3): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.052 ms

• 經(jīng)測(cè)試 都可以ping通

總結(jié)：

自定義的網(wǎng)絡(luò)docker都已經(jīng)幫我們維護(hù)好了主機(jī)名和ip對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系（ip和主機(jī)名都能通）
好處︰
redis -不同的集群使用不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，保證集群是安全和健康的
mysql -不同的集群使用不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，保證集群是安全和健康的