es搜索方式的簡(jiǎn)單介紹

以下命令均是在kibana的“Dev Tools”里面輸入的

數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)備：
先存入3條數(shù)據(jù)

PUT /ecommerce/product/1
{
  "name":"gaolujie yagao",
  "desc":"gaoxiao meibai",
  "price":30,
  "producer":"gaolujie producer",
  "tags":["meibai","fangzhu"]
}
PUT /ecommerce/product/2
{
  "name":"jiajieshi yagao",
  "desc":"youxiao meibai",
  "price":25,
  "producer":"jiajieshi producer",
  "tags":["fangzhu"]
}
PUT /ecommerce/product/3
{
  "name":"zhonghua yagao",
  "desc":"caoben zhuwu",
  "price":40,
  "producer":"zhonghua producer",
  "tags":["qingxin"]
}

es的搜索方式細(xì)分為6種

  1. query string search
  2. query DSL
  3. query filter
  4. full-text search
  5. phrase search
  6. highlight search
query string search
  • 搜索所有商品
GET /ecommerce/product/_search

返回的結(jié)果及部分字段的解釋

{
 "took": 54,           //花費(fèi)的時(shí)間，單位毫秒
 "timed_out": false,   //是否超時(shí)， false表示沒(méi)有超時(shí)
 "_shards": {      //數(shù)據(jù)拆成了5個(gè)分片，所以對(duì)于搜索請(qǐng)求，會(huì)打到所有的primary shard（或者是它的某個(gè)replica shard也可以）
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 3,     //查詢結(jié)果的數(shù)量， 3個(gè)document
   "max_score": 1, //score的含義，就是document對(duì)于一個(gè)search的相關(guān)度的匹配數(shù)據(jù)，越相關(guān)，就越匹配，分?jǐn)?shù)也越高
   "hits": [       //包含了匹配搜索的document的詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "2",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "name": "jiajieshi yagao",
         "desc": "youxiao meibai",
         "price": 25,
         "producer": "jiajieshi producer",
         "tags": [
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "1",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "name": "gaolujie yagao",
         "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
         "price": 30,
         "producer": "gaolujie producer",
         "tags": [
           "meibai",
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "3",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "name": "zhonghua yagao",
         "desc": "caoben zhuwu",
         "price": 40,
         "producer": "zhonghua producer",
         "tags": [
           "qingxin"
         ]
       }
     }
   ]
 }
}
  • 搜索商品名稱中包含yaogao的商品，而且按照售價(jià)降序排序(此方法不常用)
GET /ecommerce/product/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc

結(jié)果：

{
 "took": 46,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 3,
   "max_score": null,
   "hits": [
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "3",
       "_score": null,
       "_source": {
         "name": "zhonghua yagao",
         "desc": "caoben zhuwu",
         "price": 40,
         "producer": "zhonghua producer",
         "tags": [
           "qingxin"
         ]
       },
       "sort": [
         40
       ]
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "1",
       "_score": null,
       "_source": {
         "name": "gaolujie yagao",
         "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
         "price": 30,
         "producer": "gaolujie producer",
         "tags": [
           "meibai",
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       },
       "sort": [
         30
       ]
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "2",
       "_score": null,
       "_source": {
         "name": "jiajieshi yagao",
         "desc": "youxiao meibai",
         "price": 25,
         "producer": "jiajieshi producer",
         "tags": [
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       },
       "sort": [
         25
       ]
     }
   ]
 }
}
query DSL(生產(chǎn)環(huán)境使用)

DSL：Domain Specified Language，特定領(lǐng)域的語(yǔ)言

  • 查詢所有商品
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "query":{
   "match_all":{}
 }
}

結(jié)果與query string search查詢所有商品的結(jié)果一致，不再列出

  • 查詢名稱包含yagao的商品，同時(shí)按照價(jià)格降序排序
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "query":{
   "match":{
     "name":"yagao"
   }
 },
 "sort":[
   {
     "price":"desc"
   }
 ]
}

結(jié)果與query string search查詢并排序的結(jié)果一致，不再列出

  • 分頁(yè)查詢商品，總共3條商品，假設(shè)每頁(yè)顯示1條商品，如果顯示第二頁(yè)，就會(huì)查出來(lái)第二個(gè)商品
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "query":{
   "match_all":{}
 },
 "from":1,//0表示從第一條開(kāi)始，1表示從第二條開(kāi)始
 "size":1
}
  • 指定要查詢出來(lái)的商品名稱和價(jià)格
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "query":{
   "match_all":{}
 },
 "_source": ["name","price"]
}

結(jié)果

{
 "took": 17,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 3,
   "max_score": 1,
   "hits": [
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "2",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "price": 25,
         "name": "jiajieshi yagao"
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "1",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "price": 30,
         "name": "gaolujie yagao"
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "3",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "price": 40,
         "name": "zhonghua yagao"
       }
     }
   ]
 }
}
query filter
  • 搜索商品名稱包括yagao，而且售價(jià)大于25元的商品
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "query":{
   "bool":{
     "must":{
       "match":{
         "name":"yagao"
       }
     },
     "filter":{
       "range":{
         "price":{
           "gt":25
         }
       }
     }
   }
 }
}

結(jié)果

{
 "took": 16,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 2,
   "max_score": 0.25811607,
   "hits": [
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "1",
       "_score": 0.25811607,
       "_source": {
         "name": "gaolujie yagao",
         "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
         "price": 30,
         "producer": "gaolujie producer",
         "tags": [
           "meibai",
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "3",
       "_score": 0.25811607,
       "_source": {
         "name": "zhonghua yagao",
         "desc": "caoben zhuwu",
         "price": 40,
         "producer": "zhonghua producer",
         "tags": [
           "qingxin"
         ]
       }
     }
   ]
 }
}
full-text search(全文檢索)

添加新數(shù)據(jù)

PUT /ecommerce/product/4
{
 "name":"special yagao",
 "desc":"special meibai",
 "price":50,
 "producer":"special yagao producer",
 "tags":["meibai"]
}

搜索

GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "query":{
   "match":{
     "producer":"yagao producer"
   }
 }
}

結(jié)果

{
 "took": 7,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 4,
   "max_score": 0.70293105,
   "hits": [
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "4",
       "_score": 0.70293105,
       "_source": {
         "name": "special yagao",
         "desc": "special meibai",
         "price": 50,
         "producer": "special yagao producer",
         "tags": [
           "meibai"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "1",
       "_score": 0.25811607,
       "_source": {
         "name": "gaolujie yagao",
         "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
         "price": 30,
         "producer": "gaolujie producer",
         "tags": [
           "meibai",
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "3",
       "_score": 0.25811607,
       "_source": {
         "name": "zhonghua yagao",
         "desc": "caoben zhuwu",
         "price": 40,
         "producer": "zhonghua producer",
         "tags": [
           "qingxin"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "2",
       "_score": 0.1805489,
       "_source": {
         "name": "jiajieshi yagao",
         "desc": "youxiao meibai",
         "price": 25,
         "producer": "jiajieshi producer",
         "tags": [
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       }
     }
   ]
 }
}
phrase search(短語(yǔ)搜索)

跟全文檢索相反，全文檢索會(huì)將輸入的搜索拆解開(kāi)來(lái)，去倒排索引里去一一匹配，只要能匹配上任意一個(gè)拆解后的單詞，就可以作為結(jié)果返回
phrase search ，要求輸入的搜索串，必須在指定的字段文本中，完全包含一模一樣，才可匹配，才能作為結(jié)果返回

GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "query":{
   "match_phrase":{
     "producer":"yagao producer"
   }
 }
}

結(jié)果

{
  "took": 18,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 1,
    "max_score": 0.70293105,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "ecommerce",
        "_type": "product",
        "_id": "4",
        "_score": 0.70293105,
        "_source": {
          "name": "special yagao",
          "desc": "special meibai",
          "price": 50,
          "producer": "special yagao producer",
          "tags": [
            "meibai"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
highlight search(高亮搜索結(jié)果)
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "query":{
   "match":{
     "producer":"producer"
   }
 },
 "highlight":{
   "fields":{
     "producer":{}
   }
 }
}

結(jié)果

{
 "took": 66,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 4,
   "max_score": 0.25811607,
   "hits": [
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "1",
       "_score": 0.25811607,
       "_source": {
         "name": "gaolujie yagao",
         "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
         "price": 30,
         "producer": "gaolujie producer",
         "tags": [
           "meibai",
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       },
       "highlight": {
         "producer": [
           "gaolujie <em>producer</em>"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "3",
       "_score": 0.25811607,
       "_source": {
         "name": "zhonghua yagao",
         "desc": "caoben zhuwu",
         "price": 40,
         "producer": "zhonghua producer",
         "tags": [
           "qingxin"
         ]
       },
       "highlight": {
         "producer": [
           "zhonghua <em>producer</em>"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "2",
       "_score": 0.1805489,
       "_source": {
         "name": "jiajieshi yagao",
         "desc": "youxiao meibai",
         "price": 25,
         "producer": "jiajieshi producer",
         "tags": [
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       },
       "highlight": {
         "producer": [
           "jiajieshi <em>producer</em>"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "4",
       "_score": 0.14638957,
       "_source": {
         "name": "special yagao",
         "desc": "special meibai",
         "price": 50,
         "producer": "special yagao producer",
         "tags": [
           "meibai"
         ]
       },
       "highlight": {
         "producer": [
           "special yagao <em>producer</em>"
         ]
       }
     }
   ]
 }
}

更復(fù)雜的一些應(yīng)用

  • 計(jì)算每個(gè)tag下的商品數(shù)量
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "aggs": {
   "group_by_tags": {//這個(gè)key是自己起的
     "terms": { "field": "tags" }//tags 是數(shù)據(jù)的key值
   }
 }
}

詞語(yǔ)句回報(bào)異常
es5.2.0版本的解決方案：

將文本field的fielddata屬性設(shè)置為true

PUT /ecommerce/_mapping/product
{
 "properties": {
   "tags": {
     "type": "text",
     "fielddata": true
   }
 }
}

結(jié)果：

{
 "took": 5,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 3,
   "max_score": 1,
   "hits": [
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "2",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "name": "jiajieshi yagao",
         "desc": "youxiao meibai",
         "price": 25,
         "producer": "jiajieshi producer",
         "tags": [
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "1",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "name": "gaolujie yagao",
         "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
         "price": 30,
         "producer": "gaolujie producer",
         "tags": [
           "meibai",
           "fangzhu"
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "_index": "ecommerce",
       "_type": "product",
       "_id": "3",
       "_score": 1,
       "_source": {
         "name": "zhonghua yagao",
         "desc": "caoben zhuwu",
         "price": 40,
         "producer": "zhonghua producer",
         "tags": [
           "qingxin"
         ]
       }
     }
   ]
 },
 "aggregations": {
   "group_by_tags": {
     "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
     "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
     "buckets": [
       {
         "key": "fangzhu",
         "doc_count": 2
       },
       {
         "key": "meibai",
         "doc_count": 1
       },
       {
         "key": "qingxin",
         "doc_count": 1
       }
     ]
   }
 }
}
  • 對(duì)名稱中包含yagao的商品，計(jì)算每個(gè)tag下的商品數(shù)量
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "size": 0,//不顯示搜索結(jié)果
 "query": {
   "match": {
     "name": "yagao"
   }
 },
 "aggs": {
   "all_tags": {
     "terms": {
       "field": "tags"
     }
   }
 }
}

結(jié)果：

{
 "took": 6,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 3,
   "max_score": 0,
   "hits": []
 },
 "aggregations": {
   "all_tags": {
     "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
     "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
     "buckets": [
       {
         "key": "fangzhu",
         "doc_count": 2
       },
       {
         "key": "meibai",
         "doc_count": 1
       },
       {
         "key": "qingxin",
         "doc_count": 1
       }
     ]
   }
 }
}
  • 先分組，再算每組的平均值，計(jì)算每個(gè)tag下的商品的平均價(jià)格
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
    "size": 0,
    "aggs" : {
        "group_by_tags" : {
            "terms" : { "field" : "tags" },
            "aggs" : {
                "avg_price" : {
                    "avg" : { "field" : "price" }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

結(jié)果

{
 "took": 5,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 3,
   "max_score": 0,
   "hits": []
 },
 "aggregations": {
   "group_by_tags": {
     "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
     "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
     "buckets": [
       {
         "key": "fangzhu",
         "doc_count": 2,
         "avg_price": {
           "value": 27.5
         }
       },
       {
         "key": "meibai",
         "doc_count": 1,
         "avg_price": {
           "value": 30
         }
       },
       {
         "key": "qingxin",
         "doc_count": 1,
         "avg_price": {
           "value": 40
         }
       }
     ]
   }
 }
}
  • 計(jì)算每個(gè)tag下的商品的平均價(jià)格，并且按照平均價(jià)格降序排序
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
   "size": 0,
   "aggs" : {
       "all_tags" : {
           "terms" : { "field" : "tags", "order": { "avg_price": "desc" } },
           "aggs" : {
               "avg_price" : {
                   "avg" : { "field" : "price" }
               }
           }
       }
   }
}

結(jié)果

{
 "took": 20,
 "timed_out": false,
 "_shards": {
   "total": 5,
   "successful": 5,
   "failed": 0
 },
 "hits": {
   "total": 3,
   "max_score": 0,
   "hits": []
 },
 "aggregations": {
   "all_tags": {
     "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
     "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
     "buckets": [
       {
         "key": "qingxin",
         "doc_count": 1,
         "avg_price": {
           "value": 40
         }
       },
       {
         "key": "meibai",
         "doc_count": 1,
         "avg_price": {
           "value": 30
         }
       },
       {
         "key": "fangzhu",
         "doc_count": 2,
         "avg_price": {
           "value": 27.5
         }
       }
     ]
   }
 }
}
  • 按照指定的價(jià)格范圍區(qū)間進(jìn)行分組，然后在每組內(nèi)再按照tag進(jìn)行分組，最后再計(jì)算每組的平均價(jià)格
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
 "size": 0,
 "aggs": {
   "group_by_price": {
     "range": {
       "field": "price",
       "ranges": [
         {
           "from": 0,
           "to": 20
         },
         {
           "from": 20,
           "to": 40
         },
         {
           "from": 40,
           "to": 50
         }
       ]
     },
     "aggs": {
       "group_by_tags": {
         "terms": {
           "field": "tags"
         },
         "aggs": {
           "average_price": {
             "avg": {
               "field": "price"
             }
           }
         }
       }
     }
   }
 }
}

結(jié)果：

{
  "took": 4,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 0,
    "hits": []
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "group_by_price": {
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "0.0-20.0",
          "from": 0,
          "to": 20,
          "doc_count": 0,
          "group_by_tags": {
            "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
            "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
            "buckets": []
          }
        },
        {
          "key": "20.0-40.0",
          "from": 20,
          "to": 40,
          "doc_count": 2,
          "group_by_tags": {
            "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
            "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
            "buckets": [
              {
                "key": "fangzhu",
                "doc_count": 2,
                "avage_price": {
                  "value": 27.5
                }
              },
              {
                "key": "meibai",
                "doc_count": 1,
                "avage_price": {
                  "value": 30
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "key": "40.0-60.0",
          "from": 40,
          "to": 60,
          "doc_count": 1,
          "group_by_tags": {
            "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
            "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
            "buckets": [
              {
                "key": "qingxin",
                "doc_count": 1,
                "avage_price": {
                  "value": 40
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
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