CentOS版本:

[root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)

安裝KVM

先驗證CPU是否支持KVM;如果結(jié)果中有vmx（Intel）或svm(AMD)字樣，就說明CPU的支持的。運行后沒有顯示，那么你的處理器不支持硬件虛擬化.
注意: 您可能需要在BIOS中啟用虛擬化支持

[root@bogon ~]# egrep '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc ape
rfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm ida arat epb pln pts dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpri
ority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc ape
rfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm ida arat epb pln pts dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpri
ority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc ape
rfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm ida arat epb pln pts dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpri
ority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc ape
rfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm ida arat epb pln pts dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpri
ority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt

關(guān)閉SELinux，將 /etc/sysconfig/selinux 中的 SELinux=enforcing 修改為SELinux=disabled,并重啟使設(shè)置生效

[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled 
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

[root@localhost ~]# reboot

#重啟之后
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus  ##SELinux status參數(shù)為disabled即為已關(guān)閉狀態(tài)
SELinux status:                 disabled

[root@localhost ~]# getenforce   #selinux狀態(tài)
Disabled

安裝KVM及其依賴項

[root@bogon ~]# yum install -y qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils

驗證安裝結(jié)果

[root@localhost default]# lsmod|grep kvm
kvm_intel             170181  4 
kvm                   554609  1 kvm_intel
irqbypass              13503  1 kvm

提示:
有時lsmod查看并沒有kvm_intel,如果輸入以下命令:

[root@localhost ~]# modprobe  kvm_intel
could not insert 'kvm_intel': Operation not supported
[root@localhost ~]# dmesg |grep kvm
[    9.161622] kvm: disabled by bios
[    9.170352] kvm: disabled by bios
[1233191.671294] kvm: disabled by bios
[1233504.807593] kvm: disabled by bios
[1315137.732973] kvm: disabled by bios

很明了,BIOS里把 virtualization禁掉了.Enable之后，保存重啟,重新加載即可.

kvm設(shè)置其開機自動啟動

#如果 Active: 不是active, 運行systemctl start libvirtd啟動
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl status libvirtd
● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since 三 2018-08-22 18:19:57 CST; 2s ago
     Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
           https://libvirt.org
 Main PID: 23406 (libvirtd)
   Memory: 37.7M
   CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
           ├─23043 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --...
           ├─23044 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --...
           └─23406 /usr/sbin/libvirtd

8月 22 18:19:56 bogon systemd[1]: Starting Virtualization daemon...
8月 22 18:19:57 bogon systemd[1]: Started Virtualization daemon.
8月 22 18:19:57 bogon dnsmasq[23043]: read /etc/hosts - 3 addresses
8月 22 18:19:57 bogon dnsmasq[23043]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.addnhosts - 0 addresses
8月 22 18:19:57 bogon dnsmasq-dhcp[23043]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.hostsfile
8月 22 18:19:57 bogon libvirtd[23406]: 2018-08-22 10:19:57.143+0000: 23422: info : libvirt version:...org)
8月 22 18:19:57 bogon libvirtd[23406]: 2018-08-22 10:19:57.143+0000: 23422: info : hostname: bogon
8月 22 18:19:57 bogon libvirtd[23406]: 2018-08-22 10:19:57.143+0000: 23422: warning : virQEMUCapsIn...info
8月 22 18:19:57 bogon libvirtd[23406]: 2018-08-22 10:19:57.198+0000: 23422: warning : virLXCDriverC...info
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

#開機自動啟動
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl is-enabled libvirtd
disabled
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/libvirtd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/virtlockd.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/virtlockd.socket.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/virtlogd.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/virtlogd.socket.
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl is-enabled libvirtd
enabled

安裝虛擬機

安裝鏡像,可根據(jù)需要點擊 centOS下載地址下載自己所需要的版本

[root@bogon ~]# cd /tmp/
[root@bogon tmp]# curd -O http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso

創(chuàng)建vm目錄并創(chuàng)建虛擬機


[root@bogon ~]# mkdir –p /home/yx/kvm
[root@bogon ~]# cd /home/yx/
[root@bogon yx]# 
# -n, --name: 虛擬機名字
# -r, --ram: 內(nèi)存大小,MB
# --vcpus: VCPU數(shù)目
#  --disk: 存儲設(shè)備,format: 磁盤映像格式，如raw、qcow2、vmdk,
#  --os-type: 操作系統(tǒng)類型，如linux、unix或windows等
#  --network bridge=virbr0: 連接至virbr0的橋接設(shè)備
# -c,--cdrom /tmp/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso: 光盤 (鏡像文件)路徑 
# --vnc --vncport=5901 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0: 使用vnc,監(jiān)聽vnc5902 圖形安裝界面
[root@bogon yx]# virt-install -n virt1 -r 2048 --vcpus=2  --disk kvm/virt1.img,format=qcow2,size=20 --os-type=linux --network bridge=virbr0   --cdrom /tmp/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso --vnc --vncport=5902 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0

打開防火墻端口或關(guān)閉防火墻,

[root@bogon yx]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5910/tcp --permanent
[root@bogon yx]# firewall-cmd –-reload

#或停止(關(guān)閉)firewalld
[root@bogon yx]# systemctl stop(disable) firewalld

使用VNC Viewer可virt-manager命令連接到虛擬機,進入CentOS安裝,需要說明一下的是
如果不設(shè)置用戶,則默認是root,安裝完畢之后,reboot重啟

查看

#如果virt1的State不為running狀態(tài),運行virsh start virt1使之啟動
[root@bogon yx]# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 8     virt1                          running

[root@bogon yx]# virsh console virt1
Connected to domain virt1
Escape character is ^]

CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
Kernel 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 on an x86_64

bogon login: root
Password: 
Last login: Mon Aug 20 21:54:52 from 10.67.12.86
[root@bogon ~]# 
[root@bogon ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@bogon network-scripts]# lltotal 228
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   278 Aug 14 00:55 ifcfg-ens3
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   254 Jan  2  2018 ifcfg-lo
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    24 Aug 14 00:25 ifdown -> ../../../usr/sbin/ifdown
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   654 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-bnep
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  6569 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-eth
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   781 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-ippp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  4540 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-ipv6
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    11 Aug 14 00:25 ifdown-isdn -> ifdown-ippp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  2102 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-post
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1068 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-ppp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   870 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-routes
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1456 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-sit
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1621 Mar 17  2017 ifdown-Team
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1556 Mar 17  2017 ifdown-TeamPort
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1462 Jan  2  2018 ifdown-tunnel
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    22 Aug 14 00:25 ifup -> ../../../usr/sbin/ifup
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12415 Jan  2  2018 ifup-aliases
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   910 Jan  2  2018 ifup-bnep
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 13442 Jan  2  2018 ifup-eth
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12075 Jan  2  2018 ifup-ippp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 11893 Jan  2  2018 ifup-ipv6
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     9 Aug 14 00:25 ifup-isdn -> ifup-ippp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   650 Jan  2  2018 ifup-plip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1064 Jan  2  2018 ifup-plusb
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  4981 Jan  2  2018 ifup-post
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  4154 Jan  2  2018 ifup-ppp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  2001 Jan  2  2018 ifup-routes
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  3303 Jan  2  2018 ifup-sit
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1755 Mar 17  2017 ifup-Team
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1876 Mar 17  2017 ifup-TeamPort
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  2711 Jan  2  2018 ifup-tunnel
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1836 Jan  2  2018 ifup-wireless
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  5419 Jan  2  2018 init.ipv6-global
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 19948 Jan  2  2018 network-functions
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 31027 Jan  2  2018 network-functions-ipv6
[root@localhost network-scripts]#  vi ifcfg-ens3
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens3
UUID=f44eee6c-1a1e-4747-aae6-01d73c7e59a5
DEVICE=ens3
ONBOOT=no   #發(fā)現(xiàn)ONBOOT為no,更改為Yes,保存

[root@bogon network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
[root@bogon network-scripts]# ip addr  # 可以看到ip為10.67.12.103
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:9e:86:6b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.67.12.103/24 brd 10.67.12.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens3
       valid_lft 67653sec preferred_lft 67653sec
    inet6 fe80::3e8c:4d64:ec26:c3f9/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

提示:
若 virsh console virt1執(zhí)行卡住,則可以通過VNC Viewer或virt-manager 連接進入虛擬機執(zhí)行如下命令并重啟即可

[root@localhost ~]# grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="console=ttyS0"
[root@localhost ~]# reboot

虛擬機常用工具安裝

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y epel-release net-tools vim unzip zip wget ftp lrzsz dstat

java:

[root@localhost ~]# yum install –y java-1.8.0-open.jdk*

tomcat: 不建議yum安裝,可自行去官方下載自己所需要的版本

[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/
[root@localhost home]# mkdir tomcat
[root@localhost home]# curl -O http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.33/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.33.tar.gz
[root@localhost home]# tar zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.33.tar.gz -C tomcat/
[root@localhost home]# cd tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.33/
[root@localhost apache-tomcat-8.5.33]# ll
total 92
drwxr-x---. 2 root root  4096 Aug 20 22:53 bin
drwx------. 3 root root   254 Aug 20 22:39 conf
drwxr-x---. 2 root root  4096 Aug 20 06:44 lib
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 57092 Jun 20 15:53 LICENSE
drwxr-x---. 2 root root   197 Aug 20 22:39 logs
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  1723 Jun 20 15:53 NOTICE
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  7138 Jun 20 15:53 RELEASE-NOTES
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 16246 Jun 20 15:53 RUNNING.txt
drwxr-x---. 2 root root    30 Aug 20 06:44 temp
drwxr-x---. 3 root root    40 Aug 20 22:57 webapps
drwxr-x---. 3 root root    22 Aug 20 22:57 work
[root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/startup.sh

提示
如果tomcat啟動,訪問不了,可以停止(關(guān)閉)防火墻或開放訪問端口

monitorix: 輕量級監(jiān)控

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y  monitorix 
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/monitorix/monitorix.conf #修改訪問端口
...
<httpd_builtin>
        enabled = y
        host =
        port = 1234  #修改為1234
        user = nobody
        group = nobody
        log_file = /var/log/monitorix-httpd
        hosts_deny =
        hosts_allow =
        <auth>
                enabled = n
                msg = Monitorix: Restricted access
                htpasswd = /var/lib/monitorix/htpasswd
        </auth>
</httpd_builtin>
...
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start monitorix

接下來通過 http://10.67.12.103:1234/monitorix/ 訪問監(jiān)控頁面

克隆

本地克隆

先關(guān)閉虛擬機

[root@localhost kvm]# virsh shutdown virt1
Domain virt1 is being shutdown

[root@localhost kvm]# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 -     virt1                          shut off

virt-clone

# -o, --original:  源虛擬機
# -n ,--name: 新建虛擬機名字
# -f, --file: 指定新建的虛擬機磁盤文件
[root@localhost kvm]# virt-clone -o virt1 -n virt2 -f /home/yx/kvm/virt2.img
WARNING  Setting the graphics device port to autoport, in order to avoid conflicting.
Allocating 'virt2.img'                                                                                                                                                                                                    |  20 GB  00:00:20     

Clone 'virt2' created successfully
[root@localhost kvm]# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 -     virt1                          shut off
 -     virt2                          shut off
[root@localhost kvm]# virsh start virt2
Domain virt2 started

不同物理機之間的克隆

不同物理機之間的的虛擬機克隆,筆者主要采用virt-manager 圖形界面進行.

1.拷貝虛擬機配置和文件

[root@localhost kvm]# scp /home/yx/kvm/virt1.img root@10.67.12.xxx:/home/yx/kvm/
[root@localhost kvm]# scp /etc/libvirt/qemu/virt1.xml root@10.67.12.xxx:/etc/libvirt/qemu/
[root@localhost kvm]#

virt-manager
進入圖形界面
File菜單點擊Create a new virtual marchine 進入引導(dǎo)安裝頁面,選擇Import existing disk image,
根據(jù)提示操作即可.
注意,Network selection選項需要根據(jù)實際情況選擇,否則網(wǎng)絡(luò)可能不連通.

附:KVM virsh常用命令

...	...
virsh start xxx	啟動xxx的非活動虛擬機
virsh list --all	虛擬機列表
virsh create xxx.xml	創(chuàng)建虛擬.,創(chuàng)建后，虛擬機立即執(zhí)行，成為活動主機
virsh suspend xxx	暫停虛擬機
virsh resume xxx	啟動暫停的虛擬機
virsh shutdown xxx	關(guān)閉虛擬機
virsh destroy xxx	強制關(guān)閉虛擬機
virsh undefine xxx	刪除虛擬機
virsh domiflist xxx	虛擬網(wǎng)卡
virsh dominfo xxx	顯示虛擬機的基本信息
virsh domname 2	顯示id號為2的虛擬機名
virsh domid xxx	顯示虛擬機id號
virsh domuuid xxx	顯示虛擬機的uuid
virsh domstate xxx	顯示虛擬機的當前狀態(tài)
virsh dumpxml xxx	顯示虛擬機的當前配置文件
virsh console xxx	控制臺登錄xxx

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部署安裝KVM-虛擬機

部署安裝KVM-虛擬機

安裝KVM

安裝虛擬機

虛擬機常用工具安裝

克隆

本地克隆

不同物理機之間的克隆

附:KVM virsh常用命令

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部署安裝KVM-虛擬機

安裝KVM

安裝虛擬機

虛擬機常用工具安裝

克隆

本地克隆

不同物理機之間的克隆

附:KVM virsh常用命令

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