pioneer
【英英釋義】
v. someone who pioneers a new activity, invention, or process is one of the first people to do it. 開創(chuàng)，倡導(dǎo) ?V n ?/ ?V-ed ?/ ?also V
n. someone who is referred to as a pioneer in a particular area of activity is one of the first people to be invovled in it and develop it. ?先驅(qū)，先鋒，創(chuàng)始人；倡導(dǎo)者 ?oft N of/in n?
n. pioneers are people who leave their own country or the place where they were living, and go and live in a place that has not been lived in before. 拓荒者，開拓者；開發(fā)者
develop or be the first to use or apply (a new method, area of knowledge, or activity)
【詞義深度解析】
pioneer可以作名詞也可以作動詞，作動詞是“開創(chuàng)，開辟，率先做某事”的意思，可以取代somebody was the first to do something，讓語言變得更簡潔，更地道。
pioneer的賓語通常為a method, an area of knowledge, an activity, an approach, a practice等。
【例句學(xué)習】
1. It is Alipay which pioneered and popularized mobile payment. 這里的mobile payment就可以理解為一種method。
2. It is Alipay which pioneered and popularized mobile payment, now widely seen as a norm. 移動支付已是常態(tài)。
3. Herb Kelleher, a pioneer of cheap air travel, died on January 3rd, aged 87. Herb Kelleher是美國西南航空公司的創(chuàng)始人。
4. Herb Kelleher, who pioneered cheap air travel, died on January 3rd, aged 87. 句中的cheap air travel可以理解為an activiy或a practice.
5. American aviation in the 1970s was dominated by the hub-and-sopke approach, pioneered by Delta Air Lines in the belief that the most efficient way to fill planes was to fly through hub cities and hoover up passengers.
aviation?/?e?v??e???n/ aviation is the operation and production of aircraft. 航空，飛機制造業(yè) （不可數(shù)名詞）
hub-and-spoke 軸輻路網(wǎng)空中交通組織方法 有時簡稱hub（樞紐機場） hub-and-spoke approach 航空公司為了節(jié)約成本，提升滿員率，先讓飛機飛往大機場，然后再讓乘客轉(zhuǎn)乘飛往小機場的方式。
hoover v.?to vacuum-clean (a carpet, furniture, etc) 用吸塵器吸(毯子、家具等) n. 胡佛牌吸塵器
上世紀70年代，美國航空業(yè)被“中心與索普克”(hub-and-sopke)模式所主導(dǎo)，該模式由達美航空公司(Delta Air Lines)首創(chuàng)，該公司認為，飛機滿員最有效方式是飛越樞紐城市，吸引乘客。
【詞匯運用】
1.搭配：
adj ?early/ture pioneer 早期的/真正的拓荒者
pioneer+n ?pioneer spirit/missionary 拓荒者精神/早期傳教士
prep ?pioneer in ... 某領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)始人
2.翻譯：手沖咖啡（pourover coffee）的制作技藝是由一名日本咖啡師發(fā)明
The pourover coffee technique is pioneered/creatived by a Japanese barista.
3.生活場景應(yīng)用：
Just-in-time strategy, pioneered by Toyota, has well applied to the modern industry manufacturing nowdays.
