1. 這是什么詞?
詞:cause
英英釋義:a reason for having particular feelings or behaving in a particular way
例句:High unemployment rates are cause for worry.?
2. 為什么選這個(gè)詞?
“cause”是名詞,它最基本也是很多學(xué)習(xí)者最熟悉的意思是“原因(cause and effect)”,不過(guò)它也可以用來(lái)表示“理由”。過(guò)去一個(gè)月中,《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》每一期中都有“cause”的這個(gè)用法,可見(jiàn)它有多么高頻。我們可以在寫作中用它來(lái)替換 reason。
注意,cause 表示“理由”時(shí),是不可數(shù)名詞,前面不要加a/an。它最常見(jiàn)的搭配有 be/give cause for concern/celebration/alarm。來(lái)看其中幾個(gè)例子。
在一篇關(guān)于巴西總統(tǒng)選舉的文章中有這么一句:
The early signals give cause for both hope and worry.(這里的 give 也可以換成 are)
如果我們想表達(dá)某個(gè)東西讓我們喜憂參半,就可以用“give cause for both hope and worry”。
由于媒體報(bào)道的問(wèn)題一般要比好事多,所以我們?cè)陂喿x中見(jiàn)到“cause for worry/concern/alarm”的幾率要比“cause for celebration”高。最近一篇關(guān)于拉美政治的文章中也有一句:
Latin Americans are increasingly dissatisfied with politics in their countries. That is cause for worry.?
再來(lái)看財(cái)經(jīng)版塊一篇文章中的這句:
The narrowing gap between bonds and stocks is grounds for anxiety, but not yet cause for alarm.?
這句寫得特別漂亮,句式工整,表述簡(jiǎn)潔。從中可以看出 anxiety 和 alarm 之間的程度差異;也可以順便學(xué)到 ground 作復(fù)數(shù)可以表示“理由”,和我們今天學(xué)習(xí)的 cause 意思相同,兩者經(jīng)??梢曰Q。在閱讀中要多多留意和積累這種同義替換,一石二鳥,高效學(xué)習(xí)詞匯。
3. 怎樣學(xué)會(huì)使用這個(gè)詞?
1)使用《牛津英語(yǔ)搭配詞典》查“cause”,了解它的常用搭配。
good, great, real, reasonable? 正當(dāng)?shù)? 充分的/ 真正的/ 合理的理由
2)翻譯下面的句子:?
用戶對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司對(duì)用戶數(shù)據(jù)的使用越來(lái)越不滿,這令互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨頭憂心忡忡。
Users are increasingly dissatisfied with the use of users' data to Internet Company, which gives cause for concern
參考翻譯:Users are increasingly dissatisfied with how Internet companies treat their data. That is cause for worry.?
?Internet users grow increasingly discontent with the way their data are treated by Internet companies, which is cause for concern.
造句:
People are increasingly dissatisfied with social welfare in China, which is cause for concern.
Her unhealthy diet is giving me great cause for worry.