前言
在使用GraphViz之前，一直在使用Xmind，還有OmniGraffle，但是拖來(lái)拖去，完全不符合我們程序員的style啊，所以我也不喜歡用Xcode的SB,xib。
GraphViz，簡(jiǎn)單，而且方便，容易學(xué)習(xí)。
- GraphViz是什么？
GraphViz是一個(gè)開(kāi)源的圖像可視化的軟件，是貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)發(fā)的一個(gè)開(kāi)源的工具包，它使用一個(gè)特定的DSL(領(lǐng)域特定語(yǔ)言): dot作為腳本語(yǔ)言，然后使用布局引擎來(lái)解析此腳本，并完成自動(dòng)布局。graphviz提供豐富的導(dǎo)出格式，如常用的圖片格式，SVG，PDF格式等。 - 怎么使用GraphViz?
GraphViz使用DOT語(yǔ)言，而DOT是純文本圖像描述語(yǔ)言，簡(jiǎn)單易學(xué)，還容易閱讀。
1、安裝
我是使用Sublime Text3配套使用的，只要在Sublime Text中安裝plugin即可。首先使用shift+command+p，輸入搜索選中Package Control: Install Package,然后輸入GraphViz,然后安裝GraphVizPreview即可，安裝完成后，只要全選中代碼，然后按shift+command+g就可以預(yù)覽了。
其實(shí)也可以直接用brew安裝GraphViz,但是每次要敲命令行，太麻煩了。
2、使用
GraphViz中包含多種布局：
- dot 默認(rèn)布局，用于有向圖
- neato 基于spring-model算法(force-based)
- twopo 徑向布局
- circo 圓形布局
- fdp 用于無(wú)向圖
2.1 簡(jiǎn)單使用
graph {
a -- b;
b -- c;
a -- c;
d -- c;
e -- c;
e -- a;
}
效果圖：
enter description here
是不是很簡(jiǎn)單呢，還有有向圖如下：
digraph {
a -> b;
b -> c;
}
效果圖：
2.2 簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)法介紹
在這里就不啰嗦了，鏈接在此:語(yǔ)法介紹
2.3 稍微復(fù)雜點(diǎn)的例子
2.3.1 帶標(biāo)簽
digraph {
player[label = "player"];
game[label = "game"];
player -> game[label = "play"]
}
enter description here
2.3.2 不同顏色
digraph {
player[label = "player", color = Blue, fontcolor = Red, fontsize = 24, shape = box];
game[label = "game", color = Red, fontcolor = Blue, fontsize = 24, shape = ellipse];
player -> game[label = "play"]
}
enter description here
更多shape，看這里
2.4 一些技巧
2.4.1 插入圖片
digraph {
c[shape = none, image = "./pic.png"]
a -> b -> c;
c -> d;
}
enter description here
注：需要用命令行
dot test.dot -T png -o test.png生成，前提是用brew安裝了GraphViz
2.4.2 統(tǒng)一節(jié)點(diǎn)和連線
digraph {
node[color = Red, fontsize = 24, shape = box]
edge[color = Blue, style = "dashed"]
c[shape = none, image = "./pic.png"]
a -> b -> c;
c -> d;
}
2.4.3 子視圖
digraph {
label = visitNet
rankdir = LR
node[color = Red, fontsize = 24, shape = box]
edge[color = Blue, style = "dashed"]
user[style = "filled", color = "yellow", fillcolor = "chartreuse"]
subgraph cluster_cd{
label = "server and browser"
bgcolor = green;
browser -> server
}
user -> computer;
computer -> browser;
}
enter description here
2.4.4 結(jié)構(gòu)視圖
digraph {
node[shape = record];
struct1[label = "<f0> left|<f1> mid\ dle|<f2> right"];
struct2[label = "<f0> one|<f1> two"];
struct3[label = "hello\nworld | {b|{c|<here> d|e}|f}|g|h"];
struct1:f1 -> struct2:f0;
struct1:f2 -> struct3:here;
}
這里引用了官方的一個(gè)例子，更多。
2.5.5 樹(shù)形結(jié)構(gòu)
digraph tree {
fontname = "PingFang-SC-Light"
fontsize = 24
node[shape = "plaintext"]
1 -> 2;
1 -> 3;
2 -> 4;
2 -> 5;
3 -> 6;
3 -> 7;
4 -> 8;
4 -> 9;
5 -> 10;
5 -> 11;
6 -> 12;
6 -> 13;
7 -> 14;
7 -> 15;
}
enter description here
2.4.6 繼承
digraph UML {
node[fontname = "Courier New", fontsize = 10, shape = record];
edge[fontname = "Courier New", fontsize = 10, arrowhead = "empty"];
Car[label = "{Car | v : float\nt : float | run() : float}"]
subgraph clusterSome{
bgcolor = "yellow";
Bus[label = "{Bus | | carryPeople() : void}"];
Bike[label = "{bike | | ride() : void}"];
}
Bus -> Car
Bike -> Car
}
2.4.7 時(shí)序圖
digraph time {
rankdir = "LR";
node[shape = "point", width = 0, height = 0];
edge[arrowhead = "none", style = "dashed"];
{
rank = "same"
edge[style = "solided"];
APP[shape = "plaintext"];
APP -> step00 -> step01 -> step02 -> step03 -> step04 -> step05;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
SDK[shape="plaintext"];
SDK -> step10 -> step11 -> step12 -> step13 -> step14 -> step15;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
AliPay[shape="plaintext"];
AliPay -> step20 -> step21 -> step22 -> step23 -> step24 -> step25;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
Server[shape="plaintext"];
Server -> step30 -> step31 -> step32 -> step33 -> step34 -> step35;
}
step00 -> step10 [label="sends order info", arrowhead="normal"];
step11 -> step21 [label="open AliPay", arrowhead="normal"];
step22 -> step12 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
step13 -> step03 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
step24 -> step34 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
}
