iOS時間格式化輸出技巧

時間格式化輸出

一.前言

最近項(xiàng)目開發(fā)過程中用到了大量的關(guān)于時間的處理,將后臺返回的時間字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為指定的格式時間再顯示在UI上.

例如: 將后臺返回的時間字符串2017-04-16 13:08:06轉(zhuǎn)換為:2017年04月16日、2017年04月、04月16日、2017-04-16、2017-04、04-16、13:08、星期幾等等.

項(xiàng)目是多人開發(fā),由于前期沒有統(tǒng)一處理時間轉(zhuǎn)換的問題,后期發(fā)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目中好多關(guān)于時間轉(zhuǎn)換的代碼,大部分都是通過(- : 等字符)截取成字符串?dāng)?shù)組再取相應(yīng)時間拼接成指定格式,輸出在UI顯示的地方,代碼非常的臃腫,并且這種方式非常不可取.

原因:后臺返回的時間字符串 并不都是 2017-04-16 13:08:06這種格式,還有2017-04-16這種格式,截取前需要長度格式等校驗(yàn),多了很多校驗(yàn)代碼.非常不可取.

既然是時間,我們便要通過時間的思維來完成轉(zhuǎn)換問題,不要通過截取字符串的方式

于是我便寫了一個類,來統(tǒng)一處理轉(zhuǎn)換問題.

代碼地址:見片尾

二.效果

Demo.png

具體怎么操作:

三.將時間字符串->NSDate

首先我們要將2017-04-16 13:08:06或2017-04-16這種格式時間字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為NSDate

我們新建一個NSDate的Category,筆者取名為NSDate+XHCategory,寫一個時間字符串->NSDate方法,代碼如下:

+(NSDate*)xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm_ss_string:(NSString *)string
{
    NSDateFormatter* dateFormat = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
    [dateFormat setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"];
    NSDate *date =[dateFormat dateFromString:string];
    return date;
}

為了兼用其他格式時間字符串,我們把可能的情況都寫上,如下

+(NSDate *)xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm_string:(NSString *)string
{
    NSDateFormatter* dateFormat = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
    [dateFormat setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm"];
    NSDate *date =[dateFormat dateFromString:string];
    return date;
}

+(NSDate *)xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_string:(NSString *)string
{
    NSDateFormatter* dateFormat = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
    [dateFormat setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH"];
    NSDate *date =[dateFormat dateFromString:string];
    return date;
}

+(NSDate *)xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_dd_string:(NSString *)string
{
    NSDateFormatter* dateFormat = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
    [dateFormat setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd"];
    NSDate *date =[dateFormat dateFromString:string];
    return date;
}

+(NSDate *)xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_string:(NSString *)string
{
    NSDateFormatter* dateFormat = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
    [dateFormat setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM"];
    NSDate *date =[dateFormat dateFromString:string];
    return date;
}

再寫一個統(tǒng)一轉(zhuǎn)換時間字符串為 NSDate的方法,如下:

+(NSDate *)xh_dateWithDateString:(NSString *)dateString
{
    NSDate *date = nil;
    date = [self xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm_ss_string:dateString];
    if(date) return date;
    date = [self xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm_string:dateString];
    if(date) return date;
    date = [self xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_dd_HH_string:dateString];
    if(date) return date;
    date = [self xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_dd_string:dateString];
    if(date) return date;
    date = [self xh_dateWithFormat_yyyy_MM_string:dateString];
    if(date) return date;
    return nil;
}

四.將NSDate -> NSDateFormatter

為什么要再轉(zhuǎn)換為NSDateFormatter,有些人可能已經(jīng)明白了,我們點(diǎn)開NSDateFormatter可以看到NSDateFormatter有以下屬性

@property (nullable, copy) NSCalendar *calendar NS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 4_0);
@property (nullable, copy) NSTimeZone *timeZone NS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 4_0);
@property NSInteger era;
@property NSInteger year;
@property NSInteger month;
@property NSInteger day;
@property NSInteger hour;
@property NSInteger minute;
@property NSInteger second;
@property NSInteger nanosecond NS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 5_0);
@property NSInteger weekday;
@property NSInteger weekdayOrdinal;
@property NSInteger quarter NS_AVAILABLE(10_6, 4_0);
@property NSInteger weekOfMonth NS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 5_0);
@property NSInteger weekOfYear NS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 5_0);
@property NSInteger yearForWeekOfYear NS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 5_0);
@property (getter=isLeapMonth) BOOL leapMonth NS_AVAILABLE(10_8, 6_0);
@property (nullable, readonly, copy) NSDate *date NS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 4_0);

@end

我們新建一個NSDateComponents 的Category,筆者取名NSDateComponents+XHCategory,并實(shí)現(xiàn)如下方法:

+(NSDateComponents *)xh_dateComponentsFromDate:(NSDate *)date
{
    NSDateComponents *components = [[NSCalendar currentCalendar] components:NSCalendarUnitYear| NSCalendarUnitMonth | NSCalendarUnitDay | NSCalendarUnitWeekOfYear |  NSCalendarUnitHour | NSCalendarUnitMinute | NSCalendarUnitSecond | NSCalendarUnitWeekday | NSCalendarUnitWeekdayOrdinal fromDate:date];
    return components;
    
}

接著我們就可以進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換操作了,我們新建一個NSString的Category,筆者取名NSString+XHDateFormat

在NSString+XHDateFormat.h文件中寫上需要轉(zhuǎn)換的類型如下:


/**
 *  x年x月x日
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_formatNianYueRi;

/**
 *  x年x月
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_formatNianYue;

/**
 *  x月x日
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_formatYueRi;

/**
 *  x年
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_formatNian;

/**
 *  x時x分x秒
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_formatShiFenMiao;

/**
 *  x時x分
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_formatShiFen;

/**
 *  x分x秒
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_formatFenMiao;

/**
 *  yyyy-MM-dd
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_format_yyyy_MM_dd;

/**
 *  yyyy-MM
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_format_yyyy_MM;

/**
 *  MM-dd
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_format_MM_dd;

/**
 *  yyyy
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_format_yyyy;

/**
 *  HH:mm:ss
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_format_HH_mm_ss;

/**
 *  HH:mm
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_format_HH_mm;

/**
 *  mm:ss
 */
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_format_mm_ss;

#pragma mark - 轉(zhuǎn)換為星期幾
@property(nonatomic,copy,readonly)NSString *xh_formatWeekDay;

在 NSString+XHDateFormat.m 實(shí)現(xiàn)如下:

-(NSString *)xh_formatNianYueRi
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld年%02ld月%02ld日",date.year,date.month,date.day];
}
-(NSString *)xh_formatNianYue
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld年%02ld月",date.year,date.month];
}
-(NSString *)xh_formatYueRi
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02ld月%02ld月",date.month,date.day];
}
-(NSString *)xh_formatNian
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld年",date.year];
}
-(NSString *)xh_formatShiFenMiao
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld時%02ld分%02ld秒",date.hour,date.minute,date.seconds];
}
-(NSString *)xh_formatShiFen
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld時%02ld分",date.hour,date.minute];
}
-(NSString *)xh_formatFenMiao
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02ld分%02ld秒",date.minute,date.seconds];
}
-(NSString *)xh_format_yyyy_MM_dd
{
   NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
   return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld-%02ld-%02ld",date.year,date.month,date.day];
}
-(NSString *)xh_format_yyyy_MM
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld-%02ld",date.year,date.month];
}
-(NSString *)xh_format_MM_dd
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02ld-%02ld",date.month,date.day];
}
-(NSString *)xh_format_yyyy
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld",date.year];
}
-(NSString *)xh_format_HH_mm_ss
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02ld:%02ld:%02ld",date.hour,date.minute,date.seconds];
}
-(NSString *)xh_format_HH_mm
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02ld:%02ld",date.hour,date.minute];
}
-(NSString *)xh_format_mm_ss
{
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02ld:%02ld",date.minute,date.seconds];
}

-(NSString *)xh_formatWeekDay
{
    NSString *weekStr=nil;
    NSDate *date = [NSDate xh_dateWithDateString:self];
    switch (date.weekday) {
        case 2:
            weekStr = @"星期一";
            break;
        case 3:
            weekStr = @"星期二";
            break;
        case 4:
            weekStr = @"星期三";
            break;
        case 5:
            weekStr = @"星期四";
            break;
        case 6:
            weekStr = @"星期五";
            break;
        case 7:
            weekStr = @"星期六";
            break;
        case 1:
            weekStr = @"星期天";
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
    return weekStr;
}

五.調(diào)用:


    self.timeString = @"2017-04-16 13:08:06";
    
    //星期
    NSString *time0 = self.timeString.xh_formatWeekDay;
    
    //2017年04月16日
    NSString *time1 = self.timeString.xh_formatNianYueRi;
    
    //2017年04月
    NSString *time2 = self.timeString.xh_formatNianYue;
    
    //04月16日
    NSString *time3 = self.timeString.xh_formatYueRi;
    
    //2017年
    NSString *time4 = self.timeString.xh_formatNian;

    //13時08分01秒
    NSString *time5 = self.timeString.xh_formatShiFenMiao;
    
    //13時08分
    NSString *time6 = self.timeString.xh_formatShiFen;
    
    //08分01秒
    NSString *time7 = self.timeString.xh_formatFenMiao;
    
    //2017-04-16
    NSString *time8 = self.timeString.xh_format_yyyy_MM_dd;
    
    //2017-04
    NSString *time9 = self.timeString.xh_format_yyyy_MM;
    
    //04-16
    NSString *time10 = self.timeString.xh_format_MM_dd;
    
    //2017
    NSString *time11 = self.timeString.xh_format_yyyy;
    
    //13:08:06
    NSString *time12 = self.timeString.xh_format_HH_mm_ss;
    
    //13:08
    NSString *time13 = self.timeString.xh_format_HH_mm;
    
    //08:06
    NSString *time14 = self.timeString.xh_format_mm_ss;

代碼地址:https://github.com/CoderZhuXH/XHDate

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