中文
但到了 20 世紀 70 年代，經(jīng)濟學家們開始意識到，以國有化解決這類問題，代價很高。政府扶持的企業(yè)較少受到競爭的沖擊；它們行動遲緩，所圍積的資源本可在別處得到更好的利用。但疏于削減成本也不總是缺點。
我的譯文
But up to 1970s, there was a consensus reached among economists that prices are going to be high if the problem was left to nationalization. Companies with government support at behind are rarely affected by competition. Their resources in storage could be better used in other places, given their lack of vitality. However, their neglect of cost reduction is not always a shortcoming.
經(jīng)濟學人原文
But in the 1970s economists came to see state ownership as a costly fix to such problems. Firms with the backing of the state are less vulnerable to competition; as they lumber on they hoard resources that could be better used elsewhere. Inattention to cost-cutting is not always a flaw.
??對比分析
economists came to see?state ownership?as a?costly fix to such problems
??If someone comes to do something, they do it at the end of a long process or period of time.
[V to-inf]She said it so many times that she came to believe it...
[V to-inf]Although it was a secret wedding, the press did eventually come to hear about it.
??You can refer to a solution to a problem as a fix.[INFORMAL]
See also:quick fix
Many of those changes could just be a temporary fix.
Firms with the backing of the state are less vulnerable to competition
??If someone has the backing of an organization or an important person, they receive support or money from that organization or person in order to do something.
He said the president had the full backing of his government to negotiate a deal...
Mr Bach set up his own consulting business with the backing of his old boss.
Syn:support
??vulnerable
/?v?ln?r?bL; ?v?ln$r?b$l/ADJ
1.someone who is vulnerable can be easily harmed or hurt感情脆弱的；易受傷的：
He took advantage of me when I was at my most vulnerable.他在我最脆弱的時候利用了我。We work mainly with the elderly and other vulnerable groups.我們主要和老年人以及其他弱勢群體打交道。
be vulnerable to sth?Children are most vulnerable to abuse within their own home.兒童在自己家里最容易受到虐待。
2.a place, thing, or idea that is vulnerable is easy to attack or criticize易受攻擊的；易受責難的：
[+to]The fort was vulnerable to attack from the north.這個堡壘的北面易受進攻。Their theories were badly thought out and very vulnerable to ridicule.他們的理論不夠縝密，非常容易被人取笑。
—vulnerablyADV
—vulnerability/?v?ln?r??b?l?t?; ?v?ln$r??b?l%ti/N[U]
??詞匯積累
??國有化——state ownership, nationalization
nationalize
VERB
[with object]
Transfer?(a major?branch?of?industry?or?commerce) from?private?to state?ownership?or control:?the?Bank of England?was nationalized in the?winter?of 1946-7?(as adjective?nationalized)?the nationalized?industries
nationalization
NOUN
President Nasser's nationalization of the Suez Canal and the subsequent British and French attack on Port Said was and still is a pivotal event in modern Arab history.
Caught in the middle, he has since moved to the left, endorsing nationalization but arguing that it should be done through a national constitutional assembly.
??lumber
/?l?mb?(r)/noun
[U]
1.(especially NAmE)=TIMBER(2)
2.(BrE) pieces of furniture, and other large objects that you do not use any more廢舊家具；不用的大件物品
a lumber room(= for storing?LUMBER?in)雜物貯藏室
lumber
/?l?mb?(r)/verb
1.[V+adv./prep.] to move in a slow, heavy and awkward way緩慢吃力地移動；笨拙地行進
A family of elephants lumbered by.一群大象邁著緩慢而沉重的步子從旁邊經(jīng)過。
2.[VN][usually passive]~ sb(with sb/ sth)(informal)to give sb a responsibility, etc., that they do not want and that they cannot get rid of迫使擔負（職責等）
When our parents went out, my sister got lumbered with me for the evening.父母外出時，晚上姐姐就得照管我。
??inattention
/??n??ten?n/noun [U](usually disapproving)
lack of attention不注意；不經(jīng)心
The accident was the result of a moment's inattention.這次事故是一時不小心造成的。
