He wanted to change the way we understood the unconscious, and this goal required deeper, more careful thought than he could manage amid his hectic city lifestyle.

1. A hectic situation is one that is very busy and involves a lot of rushed activity. 緊張忙碌的

The author uses Carl Jung's example to illustrate the idea that his retreating to Bollingen, not to escape his professional life, but instead to advance it.?

Deep Work: Professional activities performed in a state of distraction-free concentration that push your cognitive capabilities to their limit. These efforts create new value, improve your skill, and are hard to replicate.?

Here he gives the definition of Deep Work which he thinks plays an important role in people's accomplishments.?

The ubiquity of deep work among influential individuals is important to emphasize because it stands in sharp contrast to the behavior of most modern knowledge workers---a group that's rapidly forgetting the value of going deep.

2. If you talk about the ubiquity of something, you mean that it seems to be everywhere. 無處不在[正式]

I totally agree with this saying that modern knowledge workers have already forgot the importance of going deep. Sometimes they even think they have fully completely made the best use the fragmented time without realizing that they obviously broke the entire segment of time which could be used to go deep, to go shallow instead.?

Shallow Work: Non-cognitively demanding, logistical-style tasks, often performed while distracted. These efforts tend to not create much new value in the world and are easy to replicate.?

Just as the author says, the modern knowledge workers, however, are not loafing. In fact, they report that they are as busy as ever. What explains the discrepancy? Shallow Work.?

I'll also sidestep any grand arguments about the long-term societal consequence of this shift, as such arguments tend to open impassible rifts.

3. V-T If you sidestep a problem, you avoid discussing it or dealing with it. 回避 (問題)