In vitro investigation of mammalian peri-implantation embryogenesis? - PubMed (nih.gov)

摘要

The embryos attach and invade the uterus, establishing the connection with their mother in peri-implantation development. During this period, the pluripotent epiblast cells of the embryo undergo symmetry breaking, cell lineage allocation, and morphogenetic remodeling, accompanied by the dramatic changes of transcriptomic, epigenomic, and signaling pathways, and preparing the stage for their differentiation and gastrulation. The progress in mouse genetics and stem cell biology has advanced the knowledge of these transformations, which are still largely hindered by the hard accessibility of natural embryos. To gain insight into mammalian peri-implantation development, much effort has been made in the field. Recently, advances in the prolonged in vitro culture of blastocysts, the derivation of multiple pluripotent stem cells, and the construction of stem cell-based embryo-like models have opened novel avenues to investigate peri-implantation development in mammals, especially humans. Combining with other emerging new technologies, these new models will substantially promote the comprehension of mammalian peri-implantation development, thus accelerating the progress of reproductive and regenerative medicine.
胚胎附著并植入子宮，在胚胎著床期的發(fā)育中與母體建立聯(lián)系。在此期間，胚胎的多能上胚層細(xì)胞經(jīng)歷對(duì)稱性破缺、細(xì)胞譜系分配和形態(tài)發(fā)生重構(gòu)，伴隨著轉(zhuǎn)錄組、表觀基因組和信號(hào)通路的劇烈變化，為分化和原腸胚形成做好準(zhǔn)備。小鼠遺傳學(xué)和干細(xì)胞生物學(xué)的進(jìn)步提高了對(duì)這些轉(zhuǎn)化的認(rèn)識(shí)，但在很大程度上仍受到天然胚胎難以獲得的阻礙。為了深入了解哺乳動(dòng)物的著床期發(fā)育，該領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)做出了很多努力。最近，囊胚的長時(shí)間體外培養(yǎng)、多種多能干細(xì)胞的衍生以及基于干細(xì)胞的類胚胎模型的構(gòu)建等方面的進(jìn)展為研究哺乳動(dòng)物，尤其是人類的胚胎著床期發(fā)育開辟了新途徑。與其他新興新技術(shù)相結(jié)合，這些新模型將極大地促進(jìn)對(duì)哺乳動(dòng)物在圍著床期間發(fā)育的理解，從而加速生殖和再生醫(yī)學(xué)的進(jìn)步。