Day11 :
單詞作業(yè)
Vocab:
Palaeontology /paleontology 古生物學(注意有兩種拼法)
Get going 開始 出發(fā) 著手;行動起來,開始工作
Get rolling,get started,get weaving , get moving, hit the ground and running
Eg: In each case, you need a ton of notion to get going, and to stay on track.
Stromatolites 疊層石(原核生物所建造的有機沉淀結構)
Mounds 土堆/丘
Swathe 一長條,一長片
Basalt 玄武巖
Outcrop 路出地面的巖層/石
Jasper 碧玉(紅,黃,棕色)
Nodules 結節(jié),小瘤(tubercle)
Micron 微米(百萬分之一米)
Sit Up 做起來,坐直身;吃驚,感興趣(很生動且具畫面感的一個詞)
Eg:This is a figure that would make even China sit up and pay attention.
Rosette 花結,玫瑰花形
Conclusive 決定性的
Haematite 赤鐵礦
Iron oxide 氧化鐵
Filament 細絲,細線
Corkscrew 螺旋形的
Hydrothemal 熱水的,熱液的
Vent 排氣道,通風孔
Crenellated 鋸齒狀的,有堆疊的
Tectonic plates 構造版塊
Mineral- laden 充滿礦物質(zhì)的
Microbe 微生物
Gradient 生理梯度,斜坡,坡度
Energy gradient 能量變化率,能魯梯度
Strike 意外發(fā)現(xiàn)
Well up 涌出,萌發(fā),流露
Eg: I saw her eyes well up with tears.
One-off 一次性事件,單一例子,特殊的東西
Sentence:
1/ The date of life’s debut may be pushed back even further.
2/ The team contends that these bear more than a passing resemblance to the ?networks of bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents-towering, crenellated structures that form in the deep ocean above the boundaries between tectonic plates,wheresuperheated mineral-laden water spurts up from beneath the seabed.
3/Such a finding is doubly intriguing because hydrothermal vents are seen asa plausible candidatefor thecradle of life.
4/The finding-- which willface fierce scrutinyfrom other palaeobiologists--has other implications,too.
5/ One of the biggest question in science is whether life isan inevitable and common consequence of the laws of chemistry,or a lucky one-offconfined toearth alone.
Day 12:
邏輯導圖+神句翻譯
1.The team contends that these bear more than a passing resemblance to the networks of bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents--towering, crenellated structures that form in the deep ocean above the boundaries between tectonic plates, where superheated mineral-laden water spurts up from beneath the seabed.
板塊交界處,深海構造版塊活動導致富含礦物質(zhì)的過熱水從海床上涌噴出,形成高聳的鋸齒狀的結構,為深海細菌群落在深海熱液噴口提供了生存空間。該團隊認為他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)與以上表述的生存系統(tǒng)并非偶然類似。
2.Such a find is doubly intriguing because hydrothermal vents are seen as a plausible candidate for the cradle of life.
深海熱液噴口可能是生物起源地使得該發(fā)現(xiàn)顯得更加引人入勝。
3.Although the sorts of bacteria apparently found by Dr. Papineau and his colleagues are too complicated to reveal much about the very earliest organisms, the suggestion that hydrothermal vents have played host to life for so long is a strike in the theory’s favor.
盡管D博士和他的同事發(fā)想的這種菌落本身太過復雜以至于無法揭示更多最早微生物信息,但是他們的研究結果對生命起源于熱液噴口這一理論來說,仍然是一個意外斬獲。

Day 13:
總結反思:
a ?神句翻譯及校正注解
1.The team contends that these bear more than a passing resemblance to the networks of bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents--towering, crenellated structures that form in the deep ocean above the boundaries between tectonic plates, where superheated mineral-laden water spurts up from beneath the seabed.
板塊交界處,深海構造版塊活動導致富含礦物質(zhì)的過熱水從海床上涌噴出,形成高聳的鋸齒狀的結構,為深海細菌群落在深海熱液噴口提供了生存空間。該團隊認為他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)與以上表述的生存系統(tǒng)并非偶然類似。
vs: 該團隊認為, 這些和生活在深海熱泉的細菌群落極為相似----深海熱泉指的是: 深海中構造板塊交界邊緣上方高聳鋸齒型的部分,富含礦物質(zhì)的水從海底噴涌而出。
批注:1/這個句子的翻譯著實費了一番功夫,查了點資料,但還是被繞暈了。主體仍然是深海熱泉細菌菌落,怎么換了一個network of bacteria 就走字面意思了?句子還是沒有吃透。2/并非“偶然類似”又是什么鬼?今天再讀昨天的譯文才發(fā)現(xiàn)講不通,有疑惑。
Passing resemblance里的passing指及格線,more than passing resemblance 就指遠遠超過及格線,不是一般的相似,而是非常相似。
這句句子結構相當復雜,從句套從句,還是提醒大家牢記就近原則,但是最后一個where打頭的從句,前面一個逗號與破折號之間的部分是修飾hydrothermal vents的插入語,所以where修飾的也是hydrothermal vents。大家可以再仔細體會一下。
2.Such a find is doubly intriguing because hydrothermal vents are seen as a plausible candidate for the cradle of life.
深海熱液噴口可能是生物起源地使得該發(fā)現(xiàn)顯得更加引人入勝。
VS:人們認為深海熱泉很有可能是生命的搖籃,這就使得該發(fā)現(xiàn)顯得更有意思。
Plausible:有兩種意思,一個偏褒義,另一個偏貶義,此處指appearing worthy of belief:eg. the argument was both powerful and plausible褒義
3.Although the sorts of bacteria apparently found by Dr. Papineau and his colleagues are too complicated to reveal much about the very earliest organisms, the suggestion that hydrothermal vents have played host to life for so long is a strike in the theory’s favor.
盡管P博士和他的同事發(fā)現(xiàn)的這種菌落本身太過復雜以至于無法揭示更多最早微生物信息,但是他們的研究結果對生命起源于熱液噴口這一理論來說,仍然是一個意外斬獲。
vs:盡管P教授和同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)的這類細菌太過復雜,無法更深入的揭示早期生命體的情況,但依然表明深海熱泉養(yǎng)育生命的歷史甚為悠久,這是支撐該理論的有力依據(jù)。
批注:p博士的發(fā)現(xiàn)對于深海熱泉養(yǎng)育生命已有很長歷史提供了佐證,而不是證明熱泉理論。
b 反思總結:
1/首先,對于科普類文章底氣不足,缺乏信心。其實跟著篤師的思路理一遍文章,發(fā)現(xiàn)其實文章也沒有想象中這么高不可攀。
2/ 文章的幾個線索沒有抓住跟進,前因后果沒有很好地理順串聯(lián)。比如說sitromatolites(時間是3.7billion;且由光合作用生物產(chǎn)生),P博士發(fā)現(xiàn)的石頭(時間推到3.8-4.3billion,且物種是深海熱泉菌落),以及深海熱泉(正是因為P博士發(fā)現(xiàn)的生物物種與以往不同,才會討論解釋深海熱泉物種菌落)。
3/ 長難句翻譯會鉆牛角尖,譯文太過重視字面意思,隔天自己都看不懂。應該在徹底理解文本的基礎上,脫離語言的外殼,把作者要傳達的意思翻譯出來。
4/ 科普類文章特別是探究物種起源,有關生命誕生,讀完有一種渺小感。大自然果然是充滿神奇與驚喜,連深海熱泉這么極端的環(huán)境下都會有物種生存。文章結束還開了腦洞,是呀,地球不是意外的話,浩瀚宇宙中一定還有其他物種,其他文明。