savior美['sevj?]

n.救世主；救星；救助者

n.

1.a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

2.a person who rescues you from harm or danger

Nazareth['n?z?riθ]

n.拿撒勒（巴勒斯坦地區(qū)北部古城，相傳為耶穌的故鄉(xiāng)）

n.a historic town in northern Israel that is mentioned in the Gospels as the home of Joseph and Mary

Gospels ['g?sp?lz]

n.福音書（指《圣經(jīng)新約》中的馬太、馬可、路加、約翰四福音書）

n.the four books in the New Testament (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) that tell the story of Christ's life and teachings

landslide英['l?n(d)sla?d]美['l?ndsla?d]

n.

1.an overwhelming electoral victory

2.a slide of a large mass of dirt and rock down a mountain or cliff

deputy英['depj?t?]美['d?pjuti]

n.

1.someone authorized to exercise the powers of sheriff in emergencies

2.an assistant with power to act when his superior is absent

3.a member of the lower chamber of a legislative assembly (such as in France)

4.a person appointed to represent or act on behalf of others

N-COUNT In some legislatures, the elected members are called deputies.議員

Calvados['k?lv?d?s]

n.

1.[有時(shí)作c-](法國)蘋果白蘭地酒，蘋果甜酒

2.卡爾瓦多斯省(法國西北部省份)

constituency英[k?n'st?tj??ns?]美[k?n?st?t???ns?]

n.

the body of voters who elect a representative for their area

novice英['n?v?s]美['nɑv?s]

n.

1.someone who has entered a religious order but has not taken final vows

2.someone new to a field or activity

duly英['dju?l?]美['d?li]

adv.

at the proper time

run-off

n.

1.the occurrence of surplus liquid (as water) exceeding the limit or capacity

2.a final election to resolve an earlier election that did not produce a winner

v.

1.run away; usually includes taking something or somebody along

2.leave suddenly and as if in a hurry

3.force to go away; used both with concrete and metaphoric meanings

4.run away secretly with one's beloved

5.run off as waste

6.reproduce by xerography

7.decide (a contest or competition) by a runoff

guillotine英['g?l?ti?n; ,g?l?'ti?n]美['ɡ?l?tin]

n.

1.closure imposed on the debate of specific sections of a bill

2.instrument of execution that consists of a weighted blade between two vertical poles; used for beheading people

v.

kill by cutting the head off with a guillotine

1.N-COUNT A guillotine is a device used to execute people, especially in France in the past. A sharp blade was raised up on a frame and dropped onto the person's neck.

2.N-COUNT A guillotine is a device used for cutting paper.切紙機(jī)

ditch英[d?t?]美[d?t?]

cut a trench in, as for drainage

1.N-COUNT A ditch is a long narrow channel cut into the ground at the side of a road or field.道溝;溝渠

2.V-T If you ditch something that you have or are responsible for, you abandon it or get rid of it, because you no longer want it.丟棄

3.V-T If someone ditches someone, they end a relationship with that person.拋棄

4.V-T/V-I If a pilot ditches an aircraft or if it ditches, the pilot makes an emergency landing. (飛機(jī))緊急迫降

5.V-T If someone ditches school or work, they decide not to go to school or work, although they are supposed to go there.逃學(xué);曠工

din英[d?n]美[d?n]

1.a loud harsh or strident noise

2.the act of making a noisy disturbance

v.

1.make a resonant sound, like artillery

2.instill (into a person) by constant repetition

predecessor英['pri?d?ses?]美['pr?d?s?s?]

n.

one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

1.N-COUNT Your predecessor is the person who had your job before you.前任

2.N-COUNT The predecessor of an object or machine is the object or machine that came before it in a sequence or process of development.前一代

outgoing英['a?tg????]美['a?t'go??]

adj.對人友好的，開朗的；出發(fā)的，外出的；即將離職的；樂于助人的

n.外出；流出；開支

v.超過；優(yōu)于（outgo的ing形式）

adj.

1.leaving a place or a position

2.at ease in talking to others

populist英['p?pj?l?st]

n.平民主義者；民粹派；平民論者

adj.民粹主義的（等于populistic）；平民主義的；平民主義者的

n.

an advocate of democratic principles

cleave英[kli?v]美[kliv]

vi.裂開；披荊斬棘地前進(jìn)；粘住；堅(jiān)持

vt.砍開；使分開；打通

[過去式cleaved或cleft或clove過去分詞cleaved或cleft或cloven現(xiàn)在分詞cleaving ]

v.

1.separate or cut with a tool, such as a sharp instrument

2.make by cutting into

3.come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation

1.

V-T To cleave something means to split or divide it into two separate parts, often violently.劈開

2.V-I If someone cleaves to something or to someone else, they begin or continue to have strong feelings of loyalty towards them.堅(jiān)忠于

liberal英['l?b(?)r(?)l]美['l?b?r?l]

adj.自由主義的；慷慨的；不拘泥的；寬大的

n.自由主義者

n.

1.a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties

2.a person who favors an economic theory of laissez-faire and self-regulating markets

adj.

1.

showing or characterized by broad-mindedness

2.having political or social views favoring reform and progress

3.tolerant of change; not bound by authoritarianism, orthodoxy, or tradition

4.given or giving freely

orthodoxy英['??θ?d?ks?]美['?rθ?dɑksi]n.正統(tǒng)；正教；正統(tǒng)說法

n.

1.the quality of being orthodox (especially in religion)

2.a belief or orientation agreeing with conventional standards

authoritarianism美[?,θ?r?'t?r??n?z?m]n.獨(dú)裁主義；權(quán)力主義

n.a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

morose英[m?'r??s]美[m?'ros]

adj.郁悶的；孤僻的

adj.

showing a brooding ill humor

1.ADJ Someone who is morose is miserable, bad-tempered, and not willing to talk very much to other people.陰郁的;壞脾氣的

sabotage英['s?b?tɑ??]美[,s?b?'tɑ?]

vt.妨害；對…采取破壞行動

vi.從事破壞活動

n.破壞；破壞活動；怠工

n.a deliberate act of destruction or disruption in which equipment is damaged

v.destroy property or hinder normal operations

shoddy英['??d?]美['?ɑdi]

n.贗品；冒牌貨；假裝粗俗

adj.假冒的；劣質(zhì)的；卑劣的

adj.

1.cheap and shoddy

2.of inferior workmanship and materials

3.designed to deceive or mislead either deliberately or inadvertently

1.

ADJ Shoddy work or a shoddy product has been done or made carelessly or badly.粗制濫造的

taunt英[t??nt]美[t?nt]

n.嘲弄；譏諷

vt.奚落；逗弄

adj.很高的

n.aggravation by deriding or mocking or criticizing

v.harass with persistent criticism or carping

1.V-T If someone taunts you, they say unkind or insulting things to you, especially about your weaknesses or failures.嘲笑;羞辱

crush英[kr??]美[kr??]

vt.壓碎；弄皺，變形；使…擠入

vi.擠；被壓碎

n.粉碎；迷戀；壓榨；擁擠的人群

1.V-T To crush something means to press it very hard so that its shape is destroyed or so that it breaks into pieces.壓扁;壓碎

2.V-T To crush a protest or movement, or a group of opponents, means to defeat it completely, usually by force.鎮(zhèn)壓

3.N-UNCOUNT鎮(zhèn)壓crushing

4.V-T If you are crushed by something, it upsets you a great deal.使精神崩潰

5.V-T If you are crushed against someone or something, you are pushed or pressed against them. (與某人或某物)擠在一起

6.N-COUNT A crush is a crowd of people close together, in which it is difficult to move.擁擠的人群

7.N-COUNT If you have a crush on someone, you are in love with them but do not have a relationship with them.暗戀

8.N-COUNT a construction designed to confine and limit the movement of an animal, esp a large or dangerous animal, for examination or to perform a procedure on it猛獸隔離區(qū)

pomp英[p?mp]美[pɑmp]n.盛況；浮華；壯麗；夸耀

n.

1.cheap or pretentious or vain display

2.ceremonial elegance and splendor

1.N-UNCOUNT Pomp is the use of a lot of ceremony, fine clothes, and decorations, especially on a special occasion.排場

invigorate英[?n'v?g?re?t]美[?n'v?ɡ?ret]

vt.鼓舞；使精力充沛

1.heighten or intensify

2.give life or energy to

3.make lively

4.impart vigor, strength, or vitality to

enfeeble英[?n'fi?b(?)l; en-]vt.使衰弱；使無力

v.make weak

redundancy英[r?'d?nd(?)ns?]美[r?'d?nd?nsi]

n. [計(jì)][數(shù)]冗余（等于redundance）；裁員；人浮于事

n.

1.repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors in transmission

2.the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded

3.(electronics) a system design that duplicates components to provide alternatives in case one component fails

4.repetition of an act needlessly

1.N-UNCOUNT Redundancy means being made redundant.裁員

2.N-COUNT When there are redundancies, an organization tells some of its employees to leave because their jobs are no longer necessary or because the organization can no longer afford to pay them.多余的員工

dismissal英[d?s'm?sl]美[d?s'm?sl]

n.解雇；免職

n.

1.a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial

2.official notice that you have been fired from your job

3.permission to go; the sending away of someone

4.the termination of someone's employment (leaving them free to depart)

grip英[gr?p]美[ɡr?p]

n.緊握；柄；支配；握拍方式；拍柄繃帶

vt.緊握；夾緊

vi.抓住

1.V-T If you grip something, you take hold of it with your hand and continue to hold it firmly.緊握

2.N-COUNT A grip is a firm, strong hold on something.緊握

3.N-SING Someone's grip on something is the power and control they have over it.掌控

4.V-T If something grips you, it affects you very strongly.強(qiáng)烈地影響

5.V-T If you are gripped by something such as a story or a series of events, your attention is concentrated on it and held by it.吸引

6.ADJ吸引人的gripping

例：The film turned out to be a gripping thriller.

這部電影原來是一部扣人心弦的驚險(xiǎn)片。

7.N-UNCOUNT If things such as shoes or car tyres have grip, they do not slip.抓力

8.PHRASE If you come to grips with a problem, you consider it seriously, and start taking action to deal with it.認(rèn)真著手處理

9.PHRASE If you get a grip on yourself, you make an effort to control or improve your behaviour or work.控制;完善

10.PHRASE If a person, group, or place is in the grip of something, they are being severely affected by it.在某事的強(qiáng)烈影響下

11.PHRASE If you lose your grip, you become less efficient and less confident, and less able to deal with things.失去掌控

12.PHRASE If you say that someone has a grip on reality, you mean they recognize the true situation and do not have mistaken ideas about it.面對現(xiàn)實(shí)

例：

Shakur loses his fragile grip on reality and starts blasting away at friends and foes alike.

沙庫爾喪失了對現(xiàn)實(shí)脆弱的控制力，無論對朋友還是敵人都開始猛烈抨擊起來。

standoffish英[st?nd'?f??]adj.冷淡的，不友好的

1.ADJ If you say that someone is standoffish, you mean that they behave in a formal and rather unfriendly way.冷淡的;不友好的表不滿

shore up支持，支撐；加固

v.

support by placing against something solid or rigid

1.PHRASAL VERB If you shore up something that is weak or about to fail, you do something in order to strengthen it or support it.支持

jeopardize英['d?ep?da?z]美['d??p?da?z]

vt.危害；使陷危地；使受危困

v.

1.pose a threat to; present a danger to

2.put at risk

hapless英['h?pl?s]adj.運(yùn)氣不好的，倒霉的

1.ADJ A hapless person is unlucky.不幸的

attest英[?'test]美[?'t?st]

v.

1.provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes

2.authenticate, affirm to be true, genuine, or correct, as in an official capacity

3.give testimony in a court of law

4.establish or verify the usage of

mandate英['m?nde?t]美['m?ndet]

1.

N-COUNT If a government or other elected body has a mandate to carry out a particular policy or task, they have the authority to carry it out as a result of winning an election or vote. (政府或機(jī)構(gòu)經(jīng)選舉而獲得的)授權(quán)

2.N-COUNT If someone is given a mandate to carry out a particular policy or task, they are given the official authority to do it. (個(gè)人所獲得的)授權(quán)

3.N-COUNT You can refer to the fixed length of time that a country's leader or government remains in office as their mandate.任期

4.V-T When someone is mandated to carry out a particular policy or task, they are given the official authority to do it.授權(quán)

5.V-T To mandate something means to make it mandatory.強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行

face down

v.正面朝下；壓倒；降服

Renaissance[?ren?sɑ:ns;?r?n??sɑns]n.文藝復(fù)興（歐洲14至17世紀(jì)）

n.

1.the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries

2.the revival of learning and culture

amateurish英['?m?t?r??]美['?m?t?r??]

adj.業(yè)余的；不熟練adj.

lacking professional skill or expertise的；外行的