Cocoa用NSPredicate描述查詢的方式

原理類似于在數(shù)據(jù)庫中進行查詢

    // 基本的查詢
    NSPredicate *predicate;
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name == 'Herbie'"];
    BOOL match = [predicate evaluateWithObject: car];
    NSLog (@"%s", (match) ? "YES" : "NO");
    
    // 在整個cars里面循環(huán)比較
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower > 150"];
    NSArray *cars = [garage cars];
    for (Car *car in [garage cars]) {
        if ([predicate evaluateWithObject: car]) {
            NSLog (@"%@", car.name);
        }
    }
    
    // 輸出完整的信息
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower > 150"];
    NSArray *results;
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    
    // 含有變量的謂詞
    NSPredicate *predicateTemplate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name == $NAME"];
    NSDictionary *varDict;
    varDict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
               @"Herbie", @"NAME", nil];
    predicate = [predicateTemplate predicateWithSubstitutionVariables: varDict];
    NSLog(@"SNORGLE: %@", predicate);
    match = [predicate evaluateWithObject: car];
    NSLog (@"%s", (match) ? "YES" : "NO");
    // 注意不能使用$VARIABLE作為路徑名，因為它值代表值
    
    // 謂詞字符竄還支持c語言中一些常用的運算符
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:
                 @"(engine.horsepower > 50) AND (engine.horsepower < 200)"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"oop %@", results);
    
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name < 'Newton'"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]);
    
    // 強大的數(shù)組運算符
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:
                 @"engine.horsepower BETWEEN { 50, 200 }"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    
    NSArray *betweens = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                         [NSNumber numberWithInt: 50], [NSNumber numberWithInt: 200], nil];
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower BETWEEN %@", betweens];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    predicateTemplate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower BETWEEN $POWERS"];
    varDict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: betweens, @"POWERS", nil];
    predicate = [predicateTemplate predicateWithSubstitutionVariables: varDict];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    
    // IN運算符
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name IN { 'Herbie', 'Snugs', 'Badger', 'Flap' }"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]);
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"SELF.name IN { 'Herbie', 'Snugs', 'Badger', 'Flap' }"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]);
    
    names = [cars valueForKey: @"name"];
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"SELF IN { 'Herbie', 'Snugs', 'Badger', 'Flap' }"];
    results = [names filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];//這里限制了SELF的范圍
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    // BEGINSWITH,ENDSWITH,CONTAINS
    
    // 附加符號，[c],[d],[cd],c表示不區(qū)分大小寫，d表示不區(qū)分發(fā)音字符，cd表示什么都不區(qū)分
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name BEGINSWITH 'Bad'"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name BEGINSWITH 'HERB'"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name BEGINSWITH[cd] 'HERB'"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    
    // LIKE運算符（通配符）
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name LIKE[cd] '*er*'"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);
    
    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name LIKE[cd] '???er*'"];
    results = [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog (@"%@", results);