發(fā)送郵件是網(wǎng)站的必備功能之一，用戶注冊(cè)驗(yàn)證、忘記密碼或者發(fā)送營銷信息。Spring Boot使用 spring-boot-starter-mail，讓郵件發(fā)送的業(yè)務(wù)更加簡潔和完善。
郵件相關(guān)協(xié)議內(nèi)容如下：
- SMTP 協(xié)議：發(fā)送郵件協(xié)議；
- POP3 協(xié)議：獲取郵件協(xié)議；
- IMAP：接收信息的高級(jí)協(xié)議；
- MIME：郵件拓展內(nèi)容格式：信息格式，附件格式。
本人以qq郵箱為例。第一步肯定是要讓qq郵箱 開通POP3 /SMTP 服務(wù)，因?yàn)槲覀冺?xiàng)目中有用到，否則就會(huì)因沒有授權(quán)而拋錯(cuò)。
授權(quán)頁面01[圖片上傳中...(TIM截圖20171206112905.png-255fe0-1512531023545-0)]
授權(quán)頁面02
這其中會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)授權(quán)碼，要記下來，下面要用。
好，接下來可以寫代碼了。
1.添加依賴
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.配置application.yml文件
spring:
application:
name: mail
mail:
host: smtp.qq.com
username: 123456@qq.com
password: you-password #開啟 POP3 之后設(shè)置的客戶端授權(quán)密碼
default-encoding: UTF-8
properties:
mail:
smtp:
auth: true #這地方必須加，不然會(huì)授權(quán)失敗，提示350錯(cuò)誤
starttls:
enable: true
required: true
3.新建服務(wù)類
MailService .java
/**
* 發(fā)送郵件
*/
public interface MailService {
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content);
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content);
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath);
public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId);
}
MailServiceImpl.java
import com.sqlb.service.MailService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {
@Autowired
private JavaMailSender mailSender;
@Value("${spring.mail.username}")
private String from;
@Override
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setFrom(from);
message.setTo(to);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(content);
try {
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("簡單郵件已經(jīng)發(fā)送。");
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("發(fā)送簡單郵件時(shí)發(fā)生異常！", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
//true表示需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)multipart message
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("html郵件發(fā)送成功");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
log.error("發(fā)送html郵件時(shí)發(fā)生異常！", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
String fileName = file.getFilename();
helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);
//helper.addAttachment("test"+fileName, file);
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("帶附件的郵件已經(jīng)發(fā)送。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
log.error("發(fā)送帶附件的郵件時(shí)發(fā)生異常！", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
helper.addInline(rscId, res);
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("嵌入靜態(tài)資源的郵件已經(jīng)發(fā)送。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
log.error("發(fā)送嵌入靜態(tài)資源的郵件時(shí)發(fā)生異常！", e);
}
}
}
4.接下來就是測試了
import com.sqlb.service.MailService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class MailServiceImplTest {
@Autowired
private MailService mailService;
@Autowired
private TemplateEngine templateEngine;
@Test
public void sendSimpleMail() throws Exception {
mailService.sendSimpleMail("receiver-email","這是一封簡單郵件","大家好，這是我的第一封郵件！");
}
@Test
public void sendHtmlMail() throws Exception {
String content="<html>\n" +
"<body>\n" +
" <h3>hello world ! 這是一封html郵件!</h3>\n" +
"</body>\n" +
"</html>";
mailService.sendHtmlMail("123456@126.com","這是一封HTML郵件",content);
}
@Test
public void sendAttachmentsMail() throws Exception {
String filePath="e:\\temp\\fastdfs-client-java-5.0.0.jar";
mailService.sendAttachmentsMail("ityouknow@126.com", "主題：帶附件的郵件", "有附件，請(qǐng)查收！", filePath);
}
@Test
public void sendInlineResourceMail() throws Exception {
String rscId = "neo006";
String content="<html><body>這是有圖片的郵件：<img src=\'cid:" + rscId + "\' ></body></html>";
String imgPath = "e:\\temp\\weixin.jpg";
mailService.sendInlineResourceMail("123456@126.com", "主題：這是有圖片的郵件", content, imgPath, rscId);
}
@Test
public void sendTemplateMail() {
//創(chuàng)建郵件正文
Context context = new Context();
context.setVariable("id", "006");
String emailContent = templateEngine.process("emailTemplate", context);
mailService.sendHtmlMail("123456@126.com","主題：這是模板郵件",emailContent);
}
}
ok 效果如下，大功告成！
