Hi again.

嗨，又見面了。

Welcome back to www. engvid. com. I'm Adam.

歡迎回到Engvid。我是Adam。

Today's lesson is a very interesting one.

今天的課程非常的有趣。

It's one of my favourites.

是我的最愛之一。

Why?

為什么呢？

Because I love to eat.

因為我愛"吃"。

Actually, a long time ago, before I was a teacher, before I did any of that, I went to culinary school. "Culinary".

事實上，很久以前，在我做老師之前，在我做和教學相關(guān)的任何事之前，我曾上過烹飪學校。"烹飪"。

I learned how to cook.

我學會如何做菜。

I was going to be a chef.

我曾經(jīng)要當個廚師。

But then I worked at a restaurant, actually I worked in a few restaurants and I decided: "Nope, I don't want to be a chef anymore".

但后來我在一個餐廳工作，事實上我在數(shù)個餐廳工作過，后來我決定："不，我不想當廚師了。"

But I still like to cook, I still love to eat. So some of my students were asking me for kitchen vocab, some culinary cooking vocab.

但我仍然喜歡做菜，我仍然喜歡吃。所以有些學生就請教我關(guān)于廚房和烹飪的一些詞匯。

First, let's start with this question: "What's cookin'"?

首先，我們從這個問題開始："cookin'是什么?"（cookin'：比較隨意化的形式的cooking）

Now, it could mean: "Ah, something smells good. What's cookin'"?

現(xiàn)在，它可以是："啊，有東西聞著好香。在做什么？"

Means what are you making, what dish are you making?

指「你在做什么？」，「你在做什么料理？」。

But sometimes, people will ask this as slang:

但有時候人們會把它當做俚語來進行詢問。

"What's cookin'"? means: "What's happening?

"What's cookin'?"的意思是：「發(fā)生什么了？」

How are things? How are you? Just so you know.

「最近如何？」「你好嗎？」，就是這樣。

A good idiom to recognize.

這是一個值得認識的習語。

So we're looking at kitchen vocab.

那么我們看看廚房相關(guān)的詞匯。

When we're talking about cooking, we're talking about culinary arts.

當我們在討論做飯時，我們討論的就是廚藝。

Okay? So you ever hear this expression: "culinary" means about cooking, about food.

知道嗎？因此你曾聽過這樣的表達方式："culinary"和烹飪相關(guān)，和食物相關(guān)。

Now, before I get into these actions, some of these actions that you will use while you are cooking, it's a moral imperative that I spend a minute about these two words.

現(xiàn)在，在我講到這些動作前，講到這些你在做飯時會用到的行為動詞之前，有一種使命感，讓我必須花一分鐘來先解釋這兩個詞.

What does "moral imperative" mean?

"moral imperative"是什么意思？

It means that to be a good person, I must tell you something about these words.

意思是，作為一個（有使命感的）好人，我必須給你講講這些詞。

First: "a chef", a chef is a person who studied cooking, went to school and studied, has worked in many restaurants, and has practiced for a long time in his art, his cooking skills.

第一個，"a chef（大廚）"，廚師是一個研究廚藝的人，（TA）去廚師學校學習，也曾在很多餐廳工作過，而且在（烹飪）技巧、烹調(diào)技巧上花了很長時間磨練。

This person - or her -, this person probably has a diploma and is usually the boss of a kitchen in a restaurant somewhere.

這位先生或女士，這個人可能有廚師證，而且通常是某個后廚的管理者。

Now, "a cook" is a person who is just starting to cook or somebody who just makes food at home.

相比之下，"a cook（廚師）" 只是一個剛開始學煮飯的人或是某個在家里煮飯的人。

Anybody can be a cook.

任何人都可以是"廚師"。

So "cook" could be a noun, the person, or: "to cook", verb, to prepare dishes.

因此，cook可以是名詞，指一個人；或者"to cook"，動詞，指準備菜肴。

Now, very, very, very important and I must stress this: "cook", the pronunciation of this word is very important.

現(xiàn)在，（有一件）非常、非常、非常重要，而且我必須強調(diào)的事："cook"，這個單詞的發(fā)音非常重要。

It's: "uh", "uh", "uhk". "Cook", okay? "Cook".

是"/u/"、"/u/"、"/uk/"。"Cook" 。好嗎？"Cook"。

Sounds like, it rhymes with: "look" or: "took" or: "book".

聽起來和 "look"、"took"或"book" 押韻。

Okay?

懂了嗎?

"Book", "took", "look", "cook".

"Book"、"took"、"look"、"cook"。

It does not, not rhyme with: "rock" or: "sock" or: "lock".

它不和 "rock"、"sock"、"lock"押韻（注：這里lock中元音是/?/）。

Okay?

懂嗎？

Not.

不（押這個韻）。

So if somebody says to you: "Oh, I'm a good cock".

所以如果有人對你說："喔，我是一個good cock。"

Say: "I'm happy for you. Bye-bye".

回答他："我真為你感到高興。拜拜。"

Okay?

好嗎？

Because they're talking about something else completely.

因為他們在說和煮飯完全無關(guān)的事。

"Cook", be very careful about this word.

"Cook"，講這個詞（的發(fā)音）要非常小心哦。

Okay, let's get started.

好，我們開始吧。

Let's say you're on the internet, you want to look for some new dishes, you want to surprise your family with a nice new meal from a different country maybe.

假設(shè)你正在上網(wǎng)找些新的菜單，可能你想做一道來自其他國家的全新美味，給家人驚喜。

You get on the internet and you find a "recipe", recipe for a nice dish.

你在網(wǎng)上找到一份"食譜"， 一份好吃菜肴的食譜。

But, you're not sure about how to make it because you don't recognize some of these actions.

但是你不太確定如何煮這道菜，因為你不認得一些做菜操作（的英文）。

"Pot", "pan", all of these things you can understand.

"鍋子"，"平底鍋"等，這些你都懂。

My little stove here, and my little oven here, I'm sure you can understand.

這是我的小爐子和小烤箱，我確定你可以看得懂。

Let's look at the actions.

咱們來看看烹飪操作。

"To saute", now this word actually comes from the French, but we use it in English as well.

"煎"，這個詞其實來源法語，但現(xiàn)在我們英語里也用它。

"To saute" means in a skillet or in a pan, to cook lightly.

"煎"是指在一個煎鍋或炒鍋里慢慢烹飪。

So you have your pan, your flat pan, put a little bit of oil, put in your onions on the stove, and you saute, you flip, you cook it a little bit to a little bit brown, and then you put other things in it or you add it to other things.

因此，手握一個鍋，平底鍋，放一些油進去，然后把洋蔥放在爐子上，然后煎，翻面，把它炒得有一點點咖啡色，之后就再放其他食材或是你將它加到其他食材里。

"Boil/simmer", these are very similar actions.

"煮/燉"非常相似的兩個操作。

"Boil", you put something in a pot, like something like this and high, full of water.

"煮"，將食材放入鍋中，像這樣，裝滿水，有高度的鍋。

You put the heat very, very high.

你把火開到非常非常大。

So boiling is very high heat, big bubbles, and very fast moving.

所以（食物）煮沸的狀態(tài)就是非常高的溫度，大泡泡且移動速度非常快。

"Bluh, bluh, bluh, bluh, bluh".

"（滾水聲）"。

Right? Like very boiling, so the bubbles go very fast and very high.

對吧？比如煮滾后，泡泡會冒得非常快也非常高。

"Simmer" means lower heat, small bubbles moving slowly.

"燉" 是指用較小的火，小泡泡且移動慢。

Okay?

懂嗎？

So when you're making a nice soup or a stew, first you get everything boiling, and then you reduce the heat and let it simmer for like an hour; get all the flavours to blend together really nicely.

所以當你在做一道好喝的湯或燉肉時，一開始先將所有食材煮到沸騰后，你將火關(guān)小，燉它個一小時；將所有的味道有效地鎖在食材里。

Then you have: "broil/roast". So "broil" and "roast", we're using the oven.

接著是"烤"。"烤"，我們要用到烤箱。

If you want to cook something like very quickly and get the top like very crispy, you broil.

如果我們要快速烹飪某樣食物，使其表層非常酥脆，便是"broil（烤）"。

Broil" means heat from the top, so the heat is going like this on to the food.

"Broil（烤）"的熱從上方來，所以熱像這樣跑到食物上。

"Roast" means the heat is coming from the bottom and the sides, so it cooks the inside and takes a little bit longer.

"Roast（烤）"是指熱從下方和四周來，所以它烤的是食物內(nèi)部且會花較久的時間。

Okay.

[00:05:10.870]好。

"Grill".

[00:05:11.430]"Grill（烤）"。

"Grill", like for example: when you barbeque.

"Grill（烤）"像是你在BBQ(烤肉)一樣。你在烤（Grill）。

When you're barbequing, you are grilling.

當你BBQ時，便用grill。

You have the lines of the grill, you put your steak on it, then you flip it, etcetera.

你有一條條的烤架，放上肉排，然后翻面，等等。

That's grilling, usually with fire, coals, lines.

這就是grill（烤），通常會用到火、木炭、烤架。

Next: you're preparing your. . .

接著，你準備你的……

All your "ingredients".

你所有的"食材"。

That's another good word.

這是另一個好單詞。

You're preparing all your ingredients, all the things that will go into the dish.

你在準備所有的食材，所有會放到菜肴中的東西。

So you have to "chop" or "dice".

接著你必須"切碎"或"切塊"。

Now, if you're a chef, there's a difference between "chop" and "dice".

這時，如果你是大廚，這兩種便有差別。

If you're cooking at home, there's no difference.

如果你在家煮飯，便沒有差別。

Like quickly cut, you take your knife, your cutting board and: "Ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch" into little pieces.

指快速地切，拿起刀子和砧板然后切"（切菜聲）"成小塊小塊的。

The only difference between these two is the size that. . . Of the onion, let's say you're cutting onion into little pieces.

唯一不同的是……你切的洋蔥的大小，假設(shè)你切的是洋蔥好了。

"Chop", "dice".

"切碎"、"切塊"。

"Slice". "Slice" means you're getting larger pieces.

"切片"。"切片"是指切成大片的。

If you take your onion, you slice, you have a nice round piece of onion and then you put it on your hamburger.

如果你為洋蔥切片，那你便切出好看的圓形洋蔥片，然后把它放在你的漢堡上。

Very delicious.

超美味。

"Fry", anything that you do with oil, even sautéing is a type of frying because you're doing it with oil.

"炒"，指任何和油有關(guān)的操作，煎也是炒的一種，因為你有用油。

"Deep-fry" means you cover it with oil.

"油炸"是指將食物放在油里。

Regular "fry" means just oil both sides, away you go.

一般的"炒"是指只放一些油翻面炒，就行了。

"Stir", so when you're simmering something, don't forget once in a while to give it a stir.

"攪" ，所以當你在燉某種食物時，別忘了過一陣子要攪一下。

Otherwise, all the ingredients, all the heavy ingredients will fall to the bottom and burn.

否則，所有的食材，所有較重的食材會沉到底部就燒焦了。

Okay?

懂嗎？

Every once in a while stir, get everything rising up again; get all those flavours mixing.

每過一會兒就要攪拌一下，把所有東西再攪拌上來；讓所有味道再次混合。

Okay?

好嗎？

So there. Now, I love to eat.

好了，就這些?，F(xiàn)在要說，我愛吃（美食）。

I mean I. . . I'm sure I don't look maybe that big to you, but I do love to eat.

我是指我……我確定我在視頻里看起來應(yīng)該沒那么胖，但是我真的很愛吃。

Please, send me a recommended dish.

請給我推薦一道菜。

What is your favourite dish?

你最喜歡吃什么菜？

Go to www. engvid. com.

請到Engvid網(wǎng)站來。

First of all, you can practice these words with a quiz.

首先，你可以利用測驗來練習這些單詞。

Second, tell me: what is your favourite dish?

然后告訴我：你最喜歡的菜是什么？

What must I try to say that I have lived?

有什么菜是你吃過的一定要推薦給我的？

I need to know your dish.

我想要知道你最喜歡的菜。

Okay?

好嗎？

Also, make sure to go to YouTube, check my channel and subscribe to it.

當然，一定要去Youtube，看看我的頻道，順便訂閱。

And come again, visit us.

然后記得再來我們的網(wǎng)站看看。

Bye.

再見咯。