在了解或者調(diào)研低代碼平臺之前，先來認(rèn)知一下，什么才是 LCAP（Low-Code Application Platform），對于 LCAP 并沒有一個官方統(tǒng)一的定義，但是大致各個平臺對它的認(rèn)知都非常相似，我們可以根據(jù)各知名平臺對其定義來提煉一下核心關(guān)鍵要素是哪些？
OutSystems 官網(wǎng)中 Low-Code Platform的定義如下：
“A low-code platform is a family of tools that enables the development and delivery of complete applications visually. A drag-and-drop interface is at the core of low-code platforms.”
Oracle 官網(wǎng)中 Low-Code Platform 定義如下：
“A Low Code stage uses a simplified interface that lets developers build applications and software that is both user-friendly and responsive. Rather than writing several lines of complex code and language structure, you can quickly and easily utilize Low Code to construct total applications with user interfaces, combinations and information.”
Gartner 中 Low-Code Platform 定義如下：
低代碼平臺被稱為企業(yè)級低代碼應(yīng)用平臺（Enterprise Low-Code Application Platform，即 Enterprise LCAP），是支持快速應(yīng)用開發(fā)，使用陳述性、高級的編程抽象，如（基于模型驅(qū)動和元數(shù)據(jù)編程語言）實(shí)現(xiàn)一站式應(yīng)用部署、執(zhí)行和管理的應(yīng)用平臺。不同于傳統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用平臺，它支持用戶界面、業(yè)務(wù)邏輯和數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)的開發(fā)，并以犧牲跨平臺的可移植性、應(yīng)用開放性為代價來提升效率。
G2 中Low-Code Platform 定義如下：
“Low-code development platforms provide development environments that allow businesses to develop software quickly with minimal coding, reducing the need for extensive coding experience. The platforms provide base-level code, scripts, and integrations so companies can prototype, build, or scale applications without developing complex infrastructures. Both developers and non-developers can use these tools to practice rapid application development with customized workflows and functionality. Some products are geared more toward developers and require coding for functionality, while others provide element libraries for design. Many products can interpret information from databases or spreadsheets and quickly create applications to access and manage information.”
總結(jié)來看，低代碼應(yīng)用平臺需要滿足的基本功能如下：
- 能夠生成源代碼作為定制開發(fā)的基礎(chǔ)
- 允許開發(fā)人員自定義 HTML 標(biāo)記和源代碼作為其主要功能
- 集成數(shù)據(jù)庫、web服務(wù)或者 API 來進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)訪問連接
- 應(yīng)用程序生命周期管理：自動幫助構(gòu)建、檢查、管理應(yīng)用，從研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)、測試、部署等各個環(huán)節(jié)來保障質(zhì)量。
低代碼平臺的基本要素：
- 可以拖拽的界面
- 可視化的集成開發(fā)環(huán)境（IDE）
低代碼平臺的基本性能要求：
- 多種用途：具備重用技術(shù)，模塊可跨應(yīng)用、跨平臺
- 適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)：具備可擴(kuò)展性，能夠有效應(yīng)對程序使用人數(shù)增長等情況
- 安全性高：保護(hù)應(yīng)用程序防止其受到危害
