在上節(jié)課中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了「現(xiàn)在完成時」(← 戳可讀)的“九字”功能:已完成、持續(xù)性、影響性。課后收到一些同學(xué)的留言:
今天,我們用一節(jié)課時間,把現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在完成進行時和一般過去時弄清楚。(點擊下圖,查看大圖)
01. ?復(fù)習(xí) 現(xiàn)在完成時
02. ?現(xiàn)在完成進行時
03. ?現(xiàn)在完成時? vs? 現(xiàn)在完成進行時
兩者最大的區(qū)別在于:有完沒完。
值得注意的是,「現(xiàn)在完成時」和「現(xiàn)在完成進行時」字面翻譯差別不大,但細膩一點就能看出其中的區(qū)別。經(jīng)典例句:
04. ?現(xiàn)在完成時? vs? 一般過去時
這個問題初中的同學(xué)問得比較多。
從意義上講,相同點在于兩者的動作都發(fā)生在過去,但「一般過去時」的動作發(fā)生就發(fā)生了,跟現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系;而「現(xiàn)在完成時」強調(diào)過去的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。
歸納起來,區(qū)別在于——與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。
從時間狀語上看,「一般過去時」常與yesterday,2 days ago,last week/ year,in 2008,the other day(前幾天)連用
「現(xiàn)在完成時」的時間狀語包括:already,just,yet,up till now,so far, for+一段時間,since+過去時間點
我們來看一組例句:
注意:yesterday,…ago,last… 等表示過去具體時間的詞(組)不能跟「現(xiàn)在完成時」連用。
05. ?課后練習(xí)
1) The unemployment rate in this district ______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years.
A. has fallen? ? ? ?B. fell? ? ? ?C. is falling
2) So far this year we ______ a fall in house prices by 5 percent.
A. saw? ? ? ?
B. have seen? ? ? ?
C. have been seeing
3) — You look pale.
— I am tired. I ______ the living room all day.
A. have been painting? ??
B. have painted? ??
C. painted
4) The year 1959 ________ the first appearance of a real flying ship in the world.
A. has seen? ? ? ?B. saw? ? ? ?C. was seeing
5) — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
— I think so. He ______ for it for months.
A. is preparing? ??
B. had been preparing? ??
C. has been preparing
6) Every student and every teacher ________ to the cinema, so there ________ no people in the schoolyard.
A. have been; are
B. has been; is
C. has gone; are
7) Now that she is out of job, Lucy ________ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
A. considered? ??
B. considers? ??
C. has been considering?
8) Danny ________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.?
A. works? ? ? ?
B. has worked? ? ? ?
C. has been working
獲取答案方式
微·信·公·號:蟲蟲講英語
后·臺·回·復(fù):有完沒完
「蟲蟲講英語」老少咸宜的英語學(xué)習(xí)號 —— 有時候,語法換一種方式講,就聽懂了。