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I. Reading 閱讀

Dan must take a day off tomorrow. he has to take care of his sick mother. He ought to talk to his boss, but he's afraid. His boss might get angry with him. What should Dan do? He can take the work home. This way, he can kill two birds with one stone.

丹明天必須請(qǐng)一天假.他得照顧他生病的母親。他應(yīng)當(dāng)向他的老板說的，但他怕。他的老板也許會(huì)生他的氣。丹該怎么辦呢?他可以把工作帶回家去。這樣他就能兩全其美。

II. Vocabulary&ldioms 單詞短語注解

1. must [m?st] aux. 必須
   例: You must have a driver's license to drive a car.
   (你必須要有駕駛執(zhí)照才能開車。)
2. take a day off 請(qǐng)一天假
   take two days off 請(qǐng)兩天假
   例: Last week I was sick, so I took two days off from work.
   (上星期我病了，所以我請(qǐng)了兩天假。)
3. tomorrow [t?'m?ro] adv. 明天
   today [t?'de] adv. 今天
   yesterday [?j?st?d?;-de] adv. 昨天
   the day after tomorrow 后天
   the day before yesterday 前天
   4.have to+動(dòng)詞原形 必須·····
   =must+動(dòng)詞原形
   例: I have to work all weekend.
   (整個(gè)周末我都必須工作。)
4. take care of... 照顧......
   =look after...
   care [k?r] n. 關(guān)懷，照料
   例: Can you take care of my dog for a few days?
   (你可以幫我照顧我的狗幾天嗎?)
5. sick [s?k] a.生病的
6. ought [?t] aux.應(yīng)該(使用時(shí)，之后應(yīng)接to，再接動(dòng)詞原形)
   ought to+動(dòng)詞原形 應(yīng)該·····
   =should+動(dòng)詞原形
   例: You ought to be more polite.
   (你應(yīng)該要更有禮貌些。)
7. talk [t?k] vi. 談話
   talk to+人 對(duì)某人說話
   例: You have to talk to your parents about your marriage plans.
   (你應(yīng)該將你結(jié)婚的計(jì)劃告訴你的父母。)
8. boss [b?s] n.老板，上司
9. afraid [?'fred] a.害怕的
   be afraid to+動(dòng)詞原形 害怕·····
   例: Don't be afraid to speak English.
   (別害怕開口說英文。)
10. might [ma?t] aux.也許，大概
    例: Bill might go to the party.
    (比爾大概會(huì)去參加宴會(huì)。)
11. get angry with+人 生某人的氣
    angry [???gr?] a.生氣的
    注意:
    angry之前可置be動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞get，但意思略有區(qū)別。使用get時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作剎那間的發(fā)生；使用be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。
    例: He got angry with me when I broke the window, and he is still angry now.
    (我把窗戶打破時(shí),他生我的氣,而且到現(xiàn)在他還在氣呢。)
12. should [??d; strong form ??d] aux. 應(yīng)該
    例: You should brush your teeth three times a day.
    (你一天應(yīng)該刷三次牙。)
13. work [w?k] n.工作(不可數(shù))
    例: I don't have much work to do this afternoon.
    (今天下午我沒有許多工作要做。)
14. this way 以這種方式，這樣的話
    way [we] n.方式
    例: Let's work together. This way, we can finish the project sooner.
    (我們一起工作吧。這樣的話，我們就可以早一點(diǎn)將工作做完。)
15. can [k?n] aux. 能夠
    例: Ted can swim very fast.
    (特德游泳可以游得很快。)
16. kill two birds with one stone
    一石兩名；兩全其美；一舉兩得
    kill [k?l] vt. 殺死
    bird [b?d] n. 鳥
    stone [ston] n. 石頭
    例: Charlie can study and work at the same time. This way, he kills two birds with one stone.
    (査利可以一邊讀書一邊工作。這樣他就可以兩全其美了。)

III. Grammar Points 語法重點(diǎn)

1. 本課旨在協(xié)助讀者熟悉常用的一些助動(dòng)詞(亦指情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)及其用法。這些助動(dòng)詞有一個(gè)共同特征它們之后皆接動(dòng)詞原形。
   a. Dan must take a day off tomorrow.
   (丹明天必須請(qǐng)假一天。)
   He has to take care of his sick mother.
   (他得照顧他生病的母親。)
   以上兩句中的must及has to(have to的第三人稱單數(shù)用法)均表示“必須”，但有其同異處。

1. 表示道德或義務(wù)(如愛國、孝順父母)的“必須”時(shí)，只能使用must。have to則表示有勉強(qiáng)意味(不得不去做)的“必須”，此時(shí)亦可使用must。
   例: You have to love your country. ( X )
   You must love your country. ( O )
   (你必須愛國家。)
   You have to finish the work before you can go home.
   = You must finish the work before you can go home.
   (你得做完工作才能回家。)
2. must通常只能用來表示現(xiàn)在或未來的狀況，不能用于過去時(shí)中。而have to除可表示現(xiàn)在或未來的狀況外，亦可改為過去式had to，使用于過去時(shí)中。
   例: He must stay here now.
   =He has to stay here now.
   (他現(xiàn)在必須留下來。)
   He must come here tomorrow.
   = He has to come here tomorrow.
   (他明天必須來。)
   He must stay here yesterday. ( X )
   He had to stay here yesterday. ( O )
   (他昨天必須留下來。)
   b. He ought to talk to his boss, but he's afraid.
   (他應(yīng)當(dāng)向他的老板說的，但他怕。)
   What should Dan do?
   (丹該怎么辦吧?)
   在“單詞短語注解”中，我們已說明ought to與should均表“應(yīng)該”，用法相同。故上兩句的ought to與should可互換，而改為
   He should talk to his boss, but he's afraid.
   What ought Dan to do?
   (可別寫成“What ought to Dan do?”之錯(cuò)誤句子結(jié)構(gòu))

2. His boss might get angry with him.
   (他的老板也許會(huì)生他的氣。)
   此處助動(dòng)詞might是may [me]的過去式，但卻非表示過去的狀態(tài)，而是表示較低的可能性，可譯成“也許”、“大概”、“說不定”。而may則表示較高可能性，可譯成“很可能”。
   例: You may be right, so I will take your advice.
   (你很可能是對(duì)的,因此我會(huì)接受你的建議。)
   You might be right, but I think my way is better.
   (你或許是對(duì)的，但我想我的方法比較好。)
3. He can take the work home.
   (他可以把工作帶回家去。)
   本句使用了“take+人或物+to+地方”（將某物帶/運(yùn)送到某地)的短語。
   例: Please take me to the station.
   (請(qǐng)帶我到車站去。)
   故"He can take the work home."理應(yīng)寫成:
   He can take the work to home. ( X )
   由于home是副詞，相當(dāng)于表示場(chǎng)所的副詞there(那里)、here(這里)等，置于句尾修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，這些副詞之前不能置介詞to。
   例: Let's go to home now. ( X )
   →Let's go home now. ( O )
   (咱們回家去吧。)
   He went to there with Mary. ( X )
   →He went there with Mary. ( O )
   (他跟瑪麗到那兒去了。)
   但home之前若置所有格代詞(如my、your、his等)，則home是名詞，在上列句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，之前應(yīng)置介詞to，以作其賓語。
   例: Let's go my home. ( X )
   →Let's go to my home ( O )
   (咱們到我家去。)
   home亦可與介詞at并用，形成下列固定用法:
   be at home 在家中
   例: He is at home most of the time.
   (他大部分時(shí)間都待在家中。)
4. This way, he can kill two birds with one stone.
   (這樣的話，他就能兩全其美。)
   本句中的this way原為In this way(以這種方式，這樣的話)，是作副詞用的短語，但way之前有this或that時(shí)，介詞in常予省略。
   例: You must be modest. That way, you will be respected.
   (你必須謙虛待人。那樣的話，你就會(huì)收到人尊敬。)

IV. Substitution 替換

1. He has to take care of his sick mother.
   Robert must take his sick mother to the hospital.
   Jim should clean his room.
   Chris ought to wash his clothes.
   (他得照顧他生病的母親。)
   (羅伯特必須帶他生病的母親到醫(yī)院。)
   (吉姆必須打掃他的房間。)
   (克里斯必須洗他的衣服。)
2. He can take the work home.
   He should take his children home.
   The teacher often takes his students to his home.
   She often takes her friends to her grandmother's home.
   (他可以把工作帶回家去。)
   (他應(yīng)當(dāng)把他的孩子帶回家去。)
   (那位老師經(jīng)常帶學(xué)生到家里去。)
   (她經(jīng)常把她的朋友帶到她祖母家去。)

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https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NqD8ulBOjwC3o0BWCwvFug 密碼: sbn4