今天和tony 教授約定去倫敦的華勒斯典藏館.初次走進這座建筑，給我感覺是室內(nèi)裝潢，一桌一椅、一瓶一畫都精致無比，“貴氣逼人”，但這只是表面不加思量其文化語境一掃而過的印象。但要是以尋覓藝術史長河中，洛可可留下的點點星芒之心態(tài)去探訪，就會觸摸到真實而完整的歷史切片。下面我大概介紹一下，并且挑選一些精品中的精品和大家分享。華勒斯典藏館附近最近的地鐵站是龐德街站。near brond Street station .
典藏館的收藏范圍從中世紀、文藝復興的藝術品，到十八世紀的法國藝術；并且，它有著大不列顛最好的王侯軍武器與盔甲的收藏。這些藏品來自赫特福德郡（Hertford）的前四位侯爵，及第四位侯爵之子理查德·華勒斯爵士（Sir Richard Wallace）。理查德·華勒斯的遺孀華勒斯夫人（Lady Wallace）在1897年去世之際，將藏品贈予英國國家。1900年開始，于倫敦曼徹斯特廣場的其家族故居赫爾福德公館（Hertford House），華勒斯典藏館正式面向公眾開放至今。
這是此館主人小時候畫像，早起歐洲還沒有相機，貴族們喜歡請畫家畫小幅肖像，帶在身上或者收藏在家里，或者送給心愛的人....
Thomas sully.Queen Victoria.1838
This portrait of Queen Victoria was painted the year after she ascended the throne .sully .an American citizen.was commissioned by an Anglophile society in Philadelphia to paint a portrait of the Queen .of which this is a reduced version .it was commissioned by a London form of print publishers who intended to publish engraving after the paintings .sully kept a journal in short .5 feel1 &1/4 of an inch-of good form .particularly heard ...a lovely artless mouth when at rest ...and to sum up all ....I should say decidedly .that she is quite pretty...
維多利亞女王的這幅肖像是在她登基后的第二年畫的。Sully， 是一位美國公民，是由費城的一個親英派社會組織委托他畫一幅女王肖像的。這幅肖像是一幅縮小的版本。是由倫敦的印刷出版商委托制作的，他們打算在繪畫后發(fā)布雕刻作品?？傊淖髌房偸潜Ａ粢槐竞喍痰娜沼?5英寸1英寸 -? 1英寸 -? 4英寸的優(yōu)秀形式..我應該堅決地說，她很漂亮......
Elizabeth -Louise vigee le brun .madmae perregaux 1789
Vigee le brun (1755-1842)first painted Marie-Antoinette in 1778 aand become her professional portraitist .it was partly due to the Queen that she was received into the French royal academy in 1783. She visited London and stayed briefly in Pittman square .next to Manchester square and Hartford house
Vigee le brun（1755-1842）于1778年首次繪制了瑪麗 - 安托瓦內(nèi)特，并成為她的專業(yè)肖像畫家。部分原因是女王于1783年被收入法國皇家學院。她訪問倫敦并短暫停留在皮特曼廣場。
Francois Boucher madame de pompadour 1759
Madame de pompadour stands in a garden .accompanied by her spaniel .ines .A contemporary described madame de pompadour.her eyes have a particular charm which perhaps derives from their uncertain colour...the setting evokes the park at Bellevue .madame de pompadour’s chateau .where roses.jasmine and even orange trees...seemed to spring from the bosom of the earth by 1759,madame de pompadour ‘s relationship with the king was platonic a state of affairs referred to by the statue,friendship consoling love .madame de pompadour ‘s fidelity is emphasised by her dog, as ines is faithful to her mistress .so her mistress is faithful to the king
Madonna de pompadour矗立在一個花園中，伴隨著她的西班牙獵犬。一位當代描述的蓬巴杜夫人。她的眼睛有著特別的魅力，這可能源于他們不確定的顏色......這個設置喚起了Bellevue。Madame de pompadour的城堡公園 。1759年，玫瑰，茉莉花，甚至是橘子樹似乎從地球的懷抱中涌現(xiàn)出來，而龐帕杜夫人與國王的關系則是柏拉圖式的愛情.這是雕像所提及的一種情況，友誼可以讓人安慰愛情。 de pompadour的忠誠被她的狗所強調(diào)，因為她對她的情婦忠誠，所以她的女主人對國王忠誠....
Joshua Reynolds .mrs Elizabeth Carnac 1775
Mrs Carnac .the second wife of a brigadier of the east India company .is portrayed by Reynolds in a sun-dappled landscapes setting which reveals the artist’s debt to his rival Gainsborough.shortly after the painting was begun in 1775.the Carnacs received notice of their departure for India .they had to leave before the portrait was completed .and it remained in Reynolds studio until his death in 1792
卡納克太太是印度東印度公司的一位旅長的第二任妻子，他被雷諾茲描繪在一個陽光斑斕的風景中，這張照片揭示了藝術家欠他的競爭對手蓋恩斯伯勒的債務。在1775年開始繪畫后，短暫的卡納克夫婦收到了他們離開印度消息。他們不得不在肖像畫完成之前離開，畫留在雷諾工作室，直到他于1792年去世。
Jean-honore fragonard .the swing.1767
The swing is fragonard’s most famous painting .one critic wrote the grace of its execution and the tact of the artist excuse the sauciness of the subject.a tantalising woman .delicious in her froth of the pink silk .is poised in mid-air beyond the reach of both her elderly husband and her glowing lover .the fantastical park-landscape provides an ideal setting .a statue of love makes the viewer party to the adulterous deception by holding his finger to his lips .the flirtatiously discarded slipper adds the prefect note of artful abandon
The dramatist colle related the story behind the swing .the history painter doyen was summoned by an unnamed gentleman of the court to attend him at his pleasure house .the gentleman pointed to his mistress and said I should like you to paint madame on a swing pushed by a bishop .myself you will place a n a position where I can observe this charming girls legs .and more still if you wish to enliven your picture further .doyen suggested that the picture would be rendered yet more agreeable by the addition of madame’s slippers flying through the air and that fragonard .rather than himself .wiulf be the best man for the job.(fragonard does not in the end make any reference to the church in his composition) fragonard chose a slightly old-fashined Rococo style for the painting creating the link between the licentious subjects with the style that had not existed at the beginning.the identity of the patron is uncertain
秋千是弗羅諾納最著名的繪畫作品。一位評論家寫下了它的執(zhí)行的優(yōu)雅和藝術家的機智，為這個主題的美好理由辯解。一個誘人的女人。她粉紅色的絲綢泡沫中的狡猾。她的老人丈夫和她發(fā)光的情人都能接觸到。這個夢幻般的公園景觀提供了一個理想的環(huán)境。愛的雕像使得觀眾派對通過將他的手指放在他的嘴唇上進行通奸行為。這個輕浮的拖鞋添加了完美的音符巧妙地放棄
這位劇作家收集了這個秋千背后的故事。歷史畫家約恩被一位不知名的紳士召集到他的樂園里。這位紳士指著他的情婦說，我應該讓你在一個搖擺中畫女士.我自己，你會放置一個位置，在那里我可以觀察到這個迷人的女孩的腿。更多的仍然是如果你想進一步活躍你的照片。多伊恩建議，通過增加夫人的拖鞋飛過（弗洛納德最終沒有在他的作品中提及任何教堂），弗羅納納爾為這幅畫選擇了一種略顯陳舊的洛可可式風格，創(chuàng)作出了這幅作品。在一開始就沒有存在風格的淫蕩，這位顧客的身份是不確定的
Art Schaffer .francesca da Rimini 1835
The subject of Francesca da Rimini is taken from dants’s Inferno.a medieval epic poem .dante makes a journey through hell with Virgil.the Roman poet .as his guide .they come upon the tragic figures of Paola and Francesca.who are condemned to the stormy darkness of hell’s second circle with the other souls of the lustful .francesca had been forced into marriage with his younger brother .Paolo.Gianciotto caught the lovers while they were reading the romance sir launcelot and Queen Guinevere .he stabbed them both to death their stab wounds are clearly visible .
Anatole Demidoff.prince of San donato .was a contemporary of the 4th marquess.they were two of the most extravagant collectors of the second Empire .the 4th Marquess was a Friend and supporter of Napoleon lll.whose son used to ride his pony in the grounds of th 4th Marquess’s chateau de bagatelle in the bois de boulogne utside Paris .demidoff Owens a grand villa at San donato .on the outskirts of Florence .in the last decade of his life he began to sell parts of his colllection and the 4th Marquess acquired many of his finest works of art
The remarkable frame was made for a tole Demidoff .who bought Francesca da Rimini in 1853. At the top is the inferno of hell .im the corners are arrows and flaming torches .symbols of love.at the bottom are the towers of Rimini .in the corners a chain ring .for eternal love .and the book which Paolo and Francesca were reading .around the frame are parts of Dante’s text
Francesca da Rimini的主題來自于dants的Inferno.a中世紀史詩。丹特與Virgil.the羅馬詩人一起穿越地獄。作為他的指導者，他們遇到了Paola和Francesca的悲劇人物。他們被譴責為地獄的第二圈黑暗與欲望豐富的法蘭西斯卡的其他靈魂一起，被迫與他的弟弟結婚.Paolo.Gianciotto抓住了愛人，而正在閱讀浪漫的先生launkerot和女王Guinevere刺死了他們 ,刺傷清晰可見。
阿納托利·德米多夫是圣納多托的一位當代藝術家，他們是第二帝國最奢侈的收藏家之一。第四侯爵是朋友拿破侖的支持者。他的兒子曾經(jīng)騎在他的小馬中第四屆Marquess酒莊的莊園位于巴黎郊區(qū)的布洛涅葡萄酒莊園.demidoff Owens是佛羅倫薩郊區(qū)San donato的一座宏偉別墅。在他生命的最后十年，他開始出售他的部分作品，第四屆Marquess收購了他的許多最優(yōu)秀的藝術作品
這個非凡的框架是為了一個耐心的德米多夫而設計的，他在1853年購買了弗朗西斯卡達里米尼。頂部是地獄的地獄。角落是箭頭和火把。愛情的符號。底部是里米尼的塔樓。為了永恒的愛，還有保羅和弗朗西斯卡讀的書，這些框架都是但丁文本的一部分
Renmbrandt van rijn .self-portrait in a black cap
This painting has recently been reattributed to Rembrandt .it is a powerful and entirely effective self portrait .in keeping with his more vigorous style of the second half of the 1630s .the unusual semi-circular shape was due to the oak panel probably being cut down to fit a particular location this must have been done before 1837.when the painting was? first described
這幅畫最近被重新分配給了倫勃朗，它是一部強大而完全有效的自畫像。與他在1630年代后半期的更為有力的風格保持一致。這個不尋常的半圓形形狀是由于橡木板可能被砍倒 以適應一個特定的位置，這在1837年之前完成。當繪畫被首次描述時。
Rembrandt van Rijn .titus .c .1657
Titus is a portrait by a father of his teenage son .it was painted the year after Rembrandt was declared bankrupt and the 15-year-old Titus and his stepmother .Hendrickje stiffens.were obliged to administer the production of Rembrandt’s etchings and the sale of his picture in order to comply with guild regulation.titus is depicted in historical robes with a gold chain .recalling 16th century Venetian portraits .rembrandt sympathetically Captures the young man’s serious gaze
提圖斯是倫勃朗十幾歲的兒子，在倫勃朗被宣布破產(chǎn)時，15歲的提圖斯和他的繼母亨德里克在一起，他畫了一年。他不得不管理倫勃朗的版畫和銷售，此畫中倫勃朗捕捉到年輕兒子嚴肅的目光。
Titian .perseus and Andrimeda 1553-62
The subject of Perseus and andromeda is taken from Ovid’s metamorphoses.in a moment of high drama . The heroic Perseus slays the sea-dragon and saves andromeda from certain death .perseus and andromeda was part of a series of six mythological scenes painted for philip ll of Spain and later belonged to Van Dyck .the 3rd Marquess bought it in 1815 and together with the Dutch cabinet pictures in the east Galleries .it gives a strong indications of his tastes of
佩爾修斯和仙女座的主題來自奧維德的變形。 英雄殺死了海龍，并挽救了一些死亡的仙女。仙女是為西班牙的菲力浦繪制的六個神話場景中的一部分，后來屬于范戴克。第三侯爵在1815年買下了它，這體現(xiàn)了他的口味的強烈。
Francesco Guardi.venice :San Giorgio maggiore with the Giufrcca and the Zitelle .late 18th century
Canaletto,Venice :the bacino di Marco from the canale Della Giudecca
Peter Paul rubens .the rainbow landscape 1636
The rainbow landscape shows a later summer afternoon on ruben’s Country estate with peasants bringing in the harvest .tjis is an idealised vision of a real landscape .in 1635. The 58-year -old Rubens who lived in Antwerp .bought a country chateau at Elewujt .between Brussels and Antwerp .there he spent most of the end of his life with his second wife .helene fourment .whom he married in 1630 when she was 16.he celebrated his purchase and his delightful marriage with a pair of landscapes.painted for his own pleasure .the pendant to tue rainbow landscape is hey steen .a view of the chateau in morning sunshine
彩虹景觀展示了魯本鄉(xiāng)村莊園的一個夏日午后，農(nóng)民們帶來收獲.這是一個理想化的景觀。1635年。住在安特衛(wèi)普的58歲的魯本斯在Elewujt買了一個鄉(xiāng)村莊園 。他在布魯塞爾和安特衛(wèi)普之間度過了他生命中的大部分時間，和他的第二任妻子赫萊恩·福斯特一起度過了一生。他在1630年和16歲的妻子結婚了。他為了慶祝了他們愉快的婚姻生活而購買了此莊園。 他享受自己的快樂，讓彩虹風景的吊墜變得熠熠生輝。陽光下的城堡景觀
Frans Hals .tje laughing cavalier 1624
這幅作品故事性很強，一位妙齡女子正在為獅子剪指甲，此畫名字叫獅子的愛，旁邊的人群很擔憂獅子會傷害到他們，女子上衣裸露，這是當時流行的標志，這個時期的達官貴人們喜歡作品中裸體女性，
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