? 閱讀時(shí)長(zhǎng)：10 分鐘
?? 面向人群：Linux用戶
?? 適用場(chǎng)景：需要查詢單個(gè)或多個(gè)文件or目錄的權(quán)限

1.背景

• 了解文件所賦予的權(quán)限對(duì)自己工作開(kāi)展很重要；

• 大多數(shù)情況只查看可讀權(quán)限，自己用鼠標(biāo)雙擊就可以檢查。但有時(shí)候雙擊打不開(kāi)可能是數(shù)據(jù)損壞，不一定是權(quán)限問(wèn)題。

image.png

• 如果用Linux來(lái)看，一般都知道使用ls -l 來(lái)查看文件或目錄的權(quán)限，但只能查閱所有者、所屬組、其他人分別有哪些權(quán)限。

但對(duì)于你來(lái)說(shuō) 看不出自己對(duì)這個(gè)文件是否有rwx權(quán)限。

-rwxrwx---+ 1xxx xxx 655360 Jun 26 15:11 test.sas7bdat

• 我們知道上面文件所屬組權(quán)限是rwx,另一個(gè)思路是查看自己是否在所屬組里面，可以看權(quán)限但不夠直觀。groups/getfacl

• 目前好像沒(méi)提供查詢個(gè)人對(duì)特定文件或目錄權(quán)限命令，間接的方法也不太方便。

?2.Usage

已經(jīng)加載到env_setting里面，重新打開(kāi)MobaXterm tab或source ~/.bashrc 即可使用；

$ check_permission <dirname_or_filename>

Step1: 進(jìn)入指定的Folder下面
$ cdwin "Z:\xxx\current"

 Step2: 查看幫助信息及運(yùn)行
$ check_permission -h
Usage:
cdwin "Z:\xxx\current"
check_permission ae.sas7bdat

$ check_permission
filename or dirname does not exist.

$ check_permission ae.sas7bdat
ae.sas7bdat has read permission.
ae.sas7bdat has write permission.
ae.sas7bdat has execute permission.</pre>

3.代碼邏輯

• 使用Shell腳本里面-e/-r/-w/-x 進(jìn)行邏輯判斷，確定特定的目錄及文件是否有對(duì)應(yīng)的權(quán)限；

Code

#！/bin/bash

#######################################  check_permission  ##########################################

function check_permission(){
 file_or_dir=$1
 ## 判斷參數(shù)是否為空
 if [[ "$file_or_dir" = "--help" ]] || [[ "$file_or_dir" = "-h" ]]; then
 echo "Usage: "
 echo 'cdwin "Z:\xxx\current" '
 echo 'check_permission ae.sas7bdat'
 return 1
 fi

 # 判斷目錄或文件是否存在
 if [ ! -e "$file_or_dir" ];then
 echo "filename or dirname does not exist."
 return 1
 fi

 # 判斷是否有讀權(quán)限
 if [ -r "$file_or_dir" ];then
 echo "$file_or_dir has read permission."
 else
 echo "$file_or_dir does not have read permission."
 fi

 # 判斷是否有寫權(quán)限
 if [ -w "$file_or_dir" ];then
 echo "$file_or_dir has write permission."
 else
 echo "$file_or_dir does not have write permission."
 fi

 # 判斷是否有執(zhí)行權(quán)限
 if [ -x "$file_or_dir" ]; then
 echo "$file_or_dir has execute permission."
 else
 echo "$file_or_dir does not have execute permission."
 fi
}</pre>

# 4.Notes:

*   只支持單個(gè)文件或目錄權(quán)限查詢，如果需要批量查詢可以使用循環(huán)（可優(yōu)化）。如下：

### 查看全部權(quán)限列表
$ cdwin "Z:\xxx\current"
$ ls | while read id; do check_permission $id; done;
aecm.sas7bdat has read permission.
aecm.sas7bdat has write permission.
aecm.sas7bdat has execute permission.
ae.sas7bdat has read permission.
ae.sas7bdat has write permission.
ae.sas7bdat has execute permission.

### 查看目錄下沒(méi)有可讀權(quán)限的文件
$ cdwin "Z:\xxx\current"
$ ls | while read id; do check_permission $id | grep "does not have read permission" ;done

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