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準(zhǔn)備資料

CentOS6.7

Oracle 11gR2 11.2.0.4.0

VMware? Workstation 12 Pro

MobaXterm

參考：http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/

root用戶要做的

虛擬機安裝與配置略

硬件需求

free查看內(nèi)存，swap保證1G-2G以上

free
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

df查詢分區(qū)，tmp保證1G-2G以上

df -h /dev/shm/
df -h /tmp
df -h

檢查系統(tǒng)是多少位， x86_64代表64位

uname -m

設(shè)置主機名/etc/sysconfig/network，HOSTNAME=主機名

設(shè)置Hosts /etc/hosts，添加IP和主機名

軟件需求

檢查是否安裝rpm -qa | grep 軟件包名 yum list | grep 軟件包名

安裝軟件包yum install 軟件包名

Linux 6依賴的軟件包

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
ksh
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
make-3.81-19.el6
sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)

Linux 7 依賴的軟件包

binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64 
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64 
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64
gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 
gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 
glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686 
glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64 
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686 
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64 
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686 
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64 
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686 
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64 
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686 
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64 
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686 
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64 
make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64 
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64

ksh下載

http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=ksh

安裝

rpm -ivh ksh-20120801-33.el6.x86_64.rpm

最后依然沒有解決的

pdksh-5.2.14

libaio-devel-0.3.105

遺漏的

elfutils-libelf-devel

ODBC驅(qū)動

Linux 6

unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64) or later
unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64) or later
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.i686 or later

Linux 7

xODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later

創(chuàng)建用戶和組

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle 
passwd oracle

驗證是否創(chuàng)建成功

# id oracle
uid=502(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) 組=501(oinstall),502(dba)

若oracle用戶已經(jīng)存在，可以使用如下命令設(shè)置oracle用戶初始群組為 oinstall，有效群組為 dba、oper

usermod -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

創(chuàng)建目錄并分配權(quán)限

mkdir /u01/app/oracle
mkdir /u01/app/oraInventory
chown oracle:oinstall /u01
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod 755 /u01/app/oracle
chmod 755 /u01/app/oraInventory

修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

添加

fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
#kernel.shmall = 2097152
#kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586

執(zhí)行命令時配置生效

/sbin/sysctl -p

修改系統(tǒng)資源限制

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

添加

oracle              soft    nproc   16384
oracle              hard    nproc   16384
oracle              soft    nofile  4096
oracle              hard    nofile  65536
oracle              soft    stack   10240

vim /etc/pam.d/login #R1的要求，R2不要求

添加

session required pam_limits.so

vim /etc/profile #R1的要求，R2不要求

添加

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

vim /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf

將* soft nproc 1024修改為* - nproc 16384

關(guān)閉SELinux

設(shè)置SELinux不開機啟動

vim /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled或者SELINUX=permissive

關(guān)閉SELinux

setenforce 0

oracle用戶要做的

設(shè)置oracle賬號登錄時環(huán)境

vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; #安裝目錄
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; #oracle家目錄
ORACLE_SID=orcl; #實例名
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin;
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH;
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384
    ulimit -n 65536
  else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
  fi
fi

$source .bash_profile

source .bash_profile

準(zhǔn)備安裝包

Installation Type	Zip File
Oracle Database (includes Oracle Database and Oracle RAC)Note: you must download both zip files to install Oracle Database.	`p13390677_112040_platform_1of7.zip` `p13390677_112040_platform_2of7.zip`
Oracle Grid Infrastructure (includes Oracle ASM, Oracle Clusterware, and Oracle Restart)	`p13390677_112040_platform_3of7.zip`
Oracle Database Client	`p13390677_112040_platform_4of7.zip`
Oracle Gateways	`p13390677_112040_platform_5of7.zip`
Oracle Examples	`p13390677_112040_platform_6of7.zip`
Deinstall	`p13390677_112040_platform_7of7.zip`

ftp上傳

解壓

安裝Oracle只需要第一個和第二個文件

cd ~
unzip p13390677_112040_platform_1of7.zip
unzip p13390677_112040_platform_2of7.zip

安裝文件所在目錄 /home/oracle/database/

保證權(quán)限

chmod -R 700 /home/oracle/database/
chmod -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/database/

圖形安裝

export LANG=en_US
/home/oracle/database/runInstaller

靜默安裝

./runInstaller oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
    ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle/ \
    ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 \
    UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall  \
    oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG \
    ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${HOSTNAME} \ #換成主機名
    oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \
    oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall \
    oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba  \
    oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dba  \
    oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dba  \
    FROM_LOCATION=../stage/products.xml \
    INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/ \
    SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN \ #界面顯示語言
    oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \ #企業(yè)版
    oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false \
    oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false \
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE \
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl \ #數(shù)據(jù)庫名
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl \ #實例名
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK \#字符集
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true \ #
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=1530 \ #內(nèi)存限制
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false \ 
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true \ 
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL \
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE \
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false \
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01/app/oracle/oradata \
    oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/u01/app/oracle/recovery_area \
    SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
    DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true \
    
    DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true  -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -waitForCompletion

正在啟動 Oracle Universal Installer...

檢查臨時空間: 必須大于 120 MB。實際為 42865 MB 通過
檢查交換空間: 必須大于 150 MB。實際為 3967 MB 通過
準(zhǔn)備從以下地址啟動 Oracle Universal Installer /tmp/OraInstall2017-05-07_03-12-07AM. 請稍候...可以在以下位置找到本次安裝會話的日志:
/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-05-07_03-12-07AM.log

Oracle Database 11g 的安裝已成功。
請查看 '/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-05-07_03-12-07AM.log' 以獲取詳細資料。

以 root 用戶的身份執(zhí)行以下腳本:
1. /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

安裝中要執(zhí)行的腳本

root用戶執(zhí)行

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

安裝后的配置

備份root.sh腳本

cd ${ORACLE_HOME}
cp -p root.sh root.sh.bak

配置和更新數(shù)據(jù)庫（可選）


/usr/local/bin/oraenv
sqlplus / AS SYSDBA
SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

生成客戶端靜態(tài)庫

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/genclntst

ar: creating /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntst11.a
Created /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntst11.a

開關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫選項

chopt [ enable | disable] db_option

Value       Description
dm          Oracle Data Mining RDBMS Files
dv          Oracle Database Vault
lbac            Oracle Label Security
olap            Oracle OLAP
partitioning    Oracle Partitioning
rat         Oracle Real Application Testing
ode_net     Oracle Database Extensions for .NET 1.x
ode_net_2   Oracle Database Extensions for .NET 2.0

使配置生效

srvctl stop database -d myDb
chopt enable lbac
srvctl start database -d myDb

dbca建庫

略

netca創(chuàng)建監(jiān)聽

略

netmgr配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)

略

修改tnsnames.ora和listener.ora

cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/network/admin/

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = SID_NAME)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntst11.a")
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.116.199)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

tnsnames.ora修改SERVICE_NAME為服務(wù)名，默認(rèn)orcl

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

AMLUAT =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.116.199)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = SERVICE_NAME)
    )
  )

ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

LISTENER_AMLUAT =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

啟動監(jiān)聽

lsnrctl start

sqlplus登錄

sqlplus /nolog
SQL>CONNECT SYS AS SYSDBA

啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫

方式一：SQL>startup
方式二：dbstart

關(guān)閉是shutdown

SQL Developer

jdk安裝略

cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqldeveloper/
./sqldeveloper.sh

解鎖賬戶

ALTER USER account IDENTIFIED BY password ACCOUNT UNLOCK;

設(shè)置Oracle開機啟動

vim /etc/oratab

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:N

N改為Y

vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local

su oracle -lc "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start"
su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart

如果遇到以下錯誤：

ORACLE_HOME_LISTENER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener

換中方式執(zhí)行第二條命令，相當(dāng)于加上參數(shù)$ORACLE_HOME

su oracle -lc "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"

Oracle卸載

正常卸載

cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/deinstall/
./deinstall

如果是安裝失敗，需要下載卸載器程序

p13390677_112040_platform_7of7.zip

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CentOS安裝Oracle

CentOS安裝Oracle

準(zhǔn)備資料

root用戶要做的

硬件需求

軟件需求

Linux 6依賴的軟件包

Linux 7 依賴的軟件包

ODBC驅(qū)動

創(chuàng)建用戶和組

創(chuàng)建目錄并分配權(quán)限

修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)

修改系統(tǒng)資源限制

關(guān)閉SELinux

oracle用戶要做的

設(shè)置oracle賬號登錄時環(huán)境

準(zhǔn)備安裝包

圖形安裝

靜默安裝

安裝中要執(zhí)行的腳本

安裝后的配置

備份root.sh腳本

配置和更新數(shù)據(jù)庫（可選）

生成客戶端靜態(tài)庫

開關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫選項

dbca建庫

netca創(chuàng)建監(jiān)聽

netmgr配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)

啟動監(jiān)聽

sqlplus登錄

啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫

SQL Developer

解鎖賬戶

設(shè)置Oracle開機啟動

Oracle卸載

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CentOS安裝Oracle

準(zhǔn)備資料

root用戶要做的

硬件需求

軟件需求

Linux 6依賴的軟件包

Linux 7 依賴的軟件包

ODBC驅(qū)動

創(chuàng)建用戶和組

創(chuàng)建目錄并分配權(quán)限

修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)

修改系統(tǒng)資源限制

關(guān)閉SELinux

oracle用戶要做的

設(shè)置oracle賬號登錄時環(huán)境

準(zhǔn)備安裝包

圖形安裝

靜默安裝

安裝中要執(zhí)行的腳本

安裝后的配置

備份root.sh腳本

配置和更新數(shù)據(jù)庫（可選）

生成客戶端靜態(tài)庫

開關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫選項

dbca建庫

netca創(chuàng)建監(jiān)聽

netmgr配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)

啟動監(jiān)聽

sqlplus登錄

啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫

SQL Developer

解鎖賬戶

設(shè)置Oracle開機啟動

Oracle卸載

相關(guān)閱讀更多精彩內(nèi)容

友情鏈接更多精彩內(nèi)容

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