外刊原文

Second, Africa’s leaders need to think more strategically. Africa may be nearly as populous as China, but it comprises 54 countries, not one. African governments could strike better deals if they showed more unity. No one expects a heterogeneous(多樣的)continent that includes both anarchic?(無(wú)政府的)battle zones and prosperous democracies to be as integrated as Europe. But it can surely do better than letting China negotiate with each country individually, behind closed doors. The power imbalance between, say, China and Uganda is huge. It could be reduced somewhat with a free-trade area or if African regional blocs clubbed together. After all, the benefits of infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)?projects spill across borders.

Third, African leaders do not have to choose sides, as they did during the cold war.They can do business with Western democracies and also with China and Russia—and anyone else with something to offer. Because they have more choice now than ever before, Africans should be able to drive harder bargains. And outsiders should not see this as a zero-sum contest (as the Trump administration, when it pays attention to Africa, apparently does). If China builds a bridge in Ghana, an American car can drive over it. If a British firm invests in a mobile-data network in Kenya, a Kenyan entrepreneur can use it to set up a cross-border startup.

Last, Africans should take what some of their new friends tell them with a pinch ofsalt. China argues that democracy is a Western idea; development requires afirm hand. This message no doubt appeals to African strongmen, but it is bunk(胡說(shuō)). A study by Takaaki Masaki of the World Bank and Nicolas van de Walle of Cornell University found that African countries grow faster if they are more democratic. The good news is that, as education improves and Africans move rapidly to the cities, they are growing more critical of their rulers, and less frightened to say so. In 1997, 70% of African ruling parties won more than 60% of the vote, partly by getting rural chiefs to cow(脅迫)?villagers into backing them.By 2015 only 50% did. As politics grows more competitive, voters’ clout will grow. And they will be able to insist on a form of globalization(全球化)?that works for Africans and foreigners alike.

精讀講解

Part 1

Second, Africa’s leaders need to think more?strategically. Africa may be nearly aspopulous?as China, but it?comprises?54 countries, not one. African governments could?strike?better deals if they showed more?unity.?No one expects aheterogeneous?continent that includes both?anarchic?battle zones and?prosperous democracies?to be as integrated as Europe.

中譯：其次，非洲的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人需要多從戰(zhàn)略上思考。盡管非洲人口接近中國(guó)，但非洲包含了54個(gè)國(guó)家，而不是一個(gè)。如果他們表現(xiàn)得更加團(tuán)結(jié)，非洲國(guó)家的政府將可以達(dá)成更好的協(xié)議。沒(méi)有人認(rèn)為一個(gè)包括無(wú)政府的戰(zhàn)亂地區(qū)和眾多的民主政體在內(nèi)的多元化大陸能像歐洲那樣一體化。

strategically??/str?'tid??kli/? adv. 戰(zhàn)略性地；戰(zhàn)略上

populous/'pɑpj?l?s/? adj. 人口稠密的；人口多的

comprise??/k?m'pra?z/? vt. 包含；由…組成

strike/stra?k/? 常見(jiàn)含義有“打擊；罷工”，這里是熟詞僻義，意思是“達(dá)成 (交易或協(xié)議)”，固定搭配：strike a deal/deals

例句：The workers were able to strike a deal with the boss over the new pay raise rules.

員工和老板在新的薪資給付規(guī)定上達(dá)成協(xié)議。

unity??/'jun?ti/? n. 團(tuán)結(jié)；一致；聯(lián)合；統(tǒng)一

heterogeneous??/'h?t?r?'d?in??s/? adj. ?A heterogeneous group consists of many different types of things or people. 由很多種類組成的

anarchic/?n'ɑrk?k/? adj. 無(wú)政府的；無(wú)政府主義的

prosperous/'prɑsp?r?s/? adj. 繁榮的；興旺的

integrated/'?nt?ɡret?d/? adj. 綜合的；完整的；互相協(xié)調(diào)的

democracy??/d??mɑkr?si/ ??民主；民主國(guó)家；民主政體；民主制度

expect to?期望；期待做

【長(zhǎng)難句分析】

No one expects a?heterogeneous?continent?that includes both?anarchic?battle zones and?prosperous democracies?to be as integrated as Europe.

這句話的主干是：No one expects a heterogeneous continent to be as integrated as Europe.?用到了上面expect to的結(jié)構(gòu)。中間是一個(gè)“that”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句用了一個(gè)短語(yǔ)both… and…“兩者都……”

Part 2

But it can surely do better than letting China?negotiate?with each countryindividually, behind closed doors. The power?imbalance?between, say, China and Uganda is huge. It could be reduced?somewhat?with a?free-trade area?or if African regional?blocs clubbed?together. After all, the benefits of?infrastructure?projectsspill?across borders.

中譯：但是，這也好過(guò)讓中國(guó)與每一個(gè)非洲國(guó)家單獨(dú)進(jìn)行閉門(mén)談判。比如說(shuō)，中國(guó)與烏干達(dá)之間的實(shí)力差距是巨大的。如果非洲地區(qū)成立自由貿(mào)易區(qū)或者該地區(qū)的國(guó)家聯(lián)合起來(lái)，這種實(shí)力差距就會(huì)有所降低。畢竟，基建項(xiàng)目的好處是跨越國(guó)界的。

negotiate??/n?'ɡo??et/? v. 談判，交涉；商議

individually??/??nd??v?d?u?li/? adv. 個(gè)別地，單獨(dú)地

imbalance??/?m'b?l?ns/? n. 不平衡；不安定

somewhat/'s?mw?t/? adv. 有點(diǎn)；多少；幾分；稍微

free-trade area??自由貿(mào)易區(qū)

bloc??/'bl?k/? 聯(lián)盟；集團(tuán)

club??/kl?b/ ?vi. 集資；組成俱樂(lè)部

infrastructure/'?nfr?'str?kt??/? n. 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施；公共建設(shè)

spill?/sp?l/? vi. 溢出，流出；涌出

如何使得非洲在新的一輪爭(zhēng)奪中獲益呢，在以上兩個(gè)部分中，作者給出了答案，那就是聯(lián)合起來(lái)，協(xié)調(diào)一致。

Part 3

Third, African leaders do not have to choose sides, as they did during the cold war. They can do business with Western democracies and also with China and Russia—and anyone else with something to offer. Because they have more choice now than ever before, Africans should be able to drive harder?bargains.

中譯：第三，非洲不必像在冷戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候那樣，選邊站。他們既可以與西方民主國(guó)家做生意，也可以與中國(guó)、俄羅斯以及其他任何能提供產(chǎn)品的國(guó)家做生意。由于他們現(xiàn)在比以往任何時(shí)候都有更多的選擇，非洲人應(yīng)該能夠推動(dòng)更加苛刻交易。

bargain?/?bɑrɡ?n/? n. 交易；便宜貨；契約? v. 討價(jià)還價(jià)；議價(jià)

Part 4

And outsiders should not see this as a?zero-sum contest?(as the Trump administration, when it?pays attention to?Africa,?apparently?does).If China builds a bridge in Ghana, an American car can drive over it. If a British firm invests in a mobile-data network in Kenya, a Kenyan?entrepreneur?can use it to?set up?a cross-border?startup.

中譯：外界不應(yīng)將此視為一場(chǎng)零和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(特朗普政府在關(guān)注非洲時(shí)，顯然是這么看的)。如果中國(guó)在加納修建一座橋，美國(guó)汽車(chē)也能開(kāi)過(guò)去。如果一家英國(guó)公司在肯尼亞投資建立一個(gè)移動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，肯尼亞的企業(yè)家也可以用它來(lái)創(chuàng)辦一個(gè)跨境公司。

zero-sum contest?零和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

pay attention to???注意；重視；留心

apparently???/?'p?r?ntli/? adv. 顯然地；似乎，表面上

entrepreneur/?ɑntr?pr??n?/? n. 企業(yè)家；承包人；主辦者

set up?v.建立；樹(shù)立；創(chuàng)立

startup??/'stɑrt'?p/? n. 啟動(dòng)；開(kāi)辦；初創(chuàng)企業(yè)

Part 5

Last, Africans should take what some of their new friends tell them?with a pinch of salt. China argues that democracy is a Western idea; development requires a firm hand. This message no doubt?appeals to?African strongmen, but it is?bunk. A study by Takaaki Masaki of the World Bank and Nicolas van de Walle of Cornell University found that African countries grow faster if they are more?democratic.

中譯：最后，非洲人對(duì)他們的一些新朋友說(shuō)的話應(yīng)該有所保留。中國(guó)堅(jiān)稱**是西方的理念；發(fā)展需要強(qiáng)力的保障。這一信息無(wú)疑對(duì)非洲政治強(qiáng)人很有吸引力，但這是**。世界銀行的高崎雅明和康奈爾大學(xué)的Nicolas van de Walle進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果非洲國(guó)家更加民主，它們的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)會(huì)更快。

with a pinch of salt?有所保留地；將信將疑地? ?a pinch of是“一撮；少許”的意思。

例句：Any figures coming from China must be taken with a pinch of salt.

任何來(lái)自中國(guó)的數(shù)據(jù)，我們都應(yīng)該有所保留地看待。

appeal to?v. 呼吁；上訴；要求；對(duì)…有吸引力

bunk是一個(gè)不常見(jiàn)的單詞，相當(dāng)于nonsense，意為“瞎話，胡扯”。

democratic/'d?m?'kr?t?k/? adj. 民主的；民主政治的；大眾的

Part 6

The good news is that, as education improves and Africans move rapidly to the cities, they are growing more?critical?of their rulers, and less frightened to say so. In 1997, 70% of African ruling parties won more than 60% of the vote, partly by getting?rural chiefs?to?cow?villagers into backing them. By 2015 only 50% did. As politics grows more competitive, voters’?clout?will grow. And they will be able to insist on a form of?globalisation?that works for Africans and foreigners alike.

中譯：好消息是，隨著教育水平的提升，以及非洲人快速移居到城市，他們對(duì)統(tǒng)治者的批評(píng)越來(lái)越多，而且敢于發(fā)表批評(píng)意見(jiàn)。1997年，70%的非洲執(zhí)政黨贏得了超過(guò)60%的選票，部分原因是他們讓農(nóng)村地區(qū)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人脅迫村民支持他們。到2015年，這一比例僅為50%。隨著政治競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的加劇，選民的影響力將會(huì)增強(qiáng)。他們將能夠堅(jiān)持一種對(duì)非洲人和外國(guó)人都有效的全球化方式。

critical?/'kr?t?kl/? ?adj.批評(píng)的；評(píng)論的

rural/'r?r?l/? adj. 農(nóng)村的，鄉(xiāng)下的

chief??/t?if/? n. 首領(lǐng)；酋長(zhǎng)；主要部分? adj. 首席的；主要的? adv. 主要地；首要地

cow??/ka?/? n. 奶牛，母牛；vt. 威脅，恐嚇

clout/kla?t/? n.影響力；勢(shì)力

globalization?/,ɡl?ub?lai'zei??n/? n. 全球化