英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法系之狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化，獨(dú)立主格從此登場(chǎng)！
旅途中遇到自己
百家號(hào)18-10-2314:32
重點(diǎn)：所謂的獨(dú)立主格，就是狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化后的產(chǎn)物！不管是同位語(yǔ)還是獨(dú)立主格都是人們?yōu)榱烁咝Ы涣鞫?jiǎn)化句子的結(jié)果??！獨(dú)立主格從此登上英語(yǔ)舞臺(tái)！并不是所有的狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化后都會(huì)變成獨(dú)立主格！
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
After the meeting was over, all of us went home. 會(huì)議結(jié)束后我們都回家了。
簡(jiǎn)化
The meeting being over, all of us went home. 開完會(huì)后我們都回家了。
簡(jiǎn)化過程
①去掉狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞 after，時(shí)間邏輯是人的基本邏輯，沒有after,讀者也能讀出時(shí)間先后。↓
the meeting was over, all of us went home.
②去掉the meeting↓
was over, all of us went home.
③此時(shí)從句成了懸垂結(jié)構(gòu)↑，即從句沒有主語(yǔ)，從句與主句的主語(yǔ)又不是一個(gè)。從句的意思產(chǎn)生了模糊，句子出現(xiàn)原則性錯(cuò)誤。所以我們不能省略the meeting,將它請(qǐng)回來！↓
the meeting was over, all of us went home.
④was雖然是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞，但在從句中撐起了謂語(yǔ)部分。縱觀我們以前的簡(jiǎn)化，不管是名詞從句簡(jiǎn)化，還是形容詞從句簡(jiǎn)化，都是將一個(gè)句子簡(jiǎn)化成為一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化也不例外！因此我們只能將動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（was over）轉(zhuǎn)變成其他詞性短語(yǔ)??！↓
詞性：was over（動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）→being over（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，形容詞性）
⑤此時(shí)的being over 具有形容詞性正好修飾主語(yǔ) the meeting?！?/p>
the meeting being over, all of us went home.
⑥此時(shí)being的意思與was的意思并無太大差別，只是being是形容詞性。由此時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句After the meeting was over 轉(zhuǎn)變成了時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) the meeting being over。這也就是我們常說的獨(dú)立主格！↓
The meeting being over, all of us went home.
開完會(huì)后我們都回家了。
當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句與主句同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，經(jīng)過我們的簡(jiǎn)化就出現(xiàn)了一種形式，傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)法將其稱之為伴隨狀語(yǔ)！?。?！伴隨狀語(yǔ)下回說！
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化后也有其他形式，比如不定式或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或介詞短語(yǔ)??！
Row of businessmen and women with paperwork in.
條件狀語(yǔ)從句
If the condition is favourable, he may succeed.若條件有利,他或許能成功。
簡(jiǎn)化
The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若條件有利,他或許能成功。
簡(jiǎn)化過程
①去掉If↓
The condition is favourable, he may succeed.
②the condition不能動(dòng)！↓
The condition is favourable, he may succeed.
③謂語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換詞性
詞性：is favourable（動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）→being favourable（形容詞短語(yǔ)）
④being favourable修飾the condition.條件狀語(yǔ)從句 If the condition is favourable，轉(zhuǎn)變成了條件狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)The condition being favourable↓。
The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若條件有利,他或許能成功。
條件狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化后也有其他形式，比如不定式或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或介詞短語(yǔ)！！
原因狀語(yǔ)從句
He wrapped her up with great care because the night was dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)的。
簡(jiǎn)化
He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)的。
簡(jiǎn)化過程
①去掉because↓
He wrapped her up with great care, the night was dark and frosty.
②is dark and frosty（動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）→being dark and frosty（形容詞短語(yǔ)）↓
He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)的。
原因狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化后也有其他形式，比如不定式或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或介詞短語(yǔ)！！
讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
Though she worked so hard, she failed again.
簡(jiǎn)化
Working so hard ,he failed again.
簡(jiǎn)化過程
Though she worked so hard, she failed again.
①去掉though↓
she worked so hard, she failed again.
②去掉she,因?yàn)楹椭骶涞膕he重復(fù)了！↓
worked so hard, she failed again.
③worked是動(dòng)詞，不能做句子開頭，不能單獨(dú)帶領(lǐng)句子！需轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)~性！↓
詞性：worked so hard（動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）→working so hard（動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)）
④讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 Though she worked so hard轉(zhuǎn)變成了讓步狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) working so hard.↓
Working so hard, she failed again.
讓步狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化后也有其他形式，比如不定式或獨(dú)立主格或介詞短語(yǔ)??！
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句
How did you know where you can find me ?
你怎么知道在哪里可以找到我？
簡(jiǎn)化
How did you know where to find me ?↓
你怎么知道在哪里可以找到我？
簡(jiǎn)化過程
How did you know where you can find me ?↓
How did you know where you are able to find me ?（can=be able to）
①where在句中作用較大，去掉后句意會(huì)發(fā)生巨大改變，這不是我們簡(jiǎn)化的宗旨，所以不能去掉。↓
How did you know where you are able to find me ?
②去掉you↓，與主句的you重復(fù)！
How did you know where are to find me ?
③去掉are，be 動(dòng)詞是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞，無實(shí)際意義！↓
How did you know where able to find me ?
④去掉able↓，為了簡(jiǎn)化人們將able的部分意思賦予了to，此時(shí)的to 不是介詞to。此時(shí)的to find就是able to find，也就是can find。
How did you know where to find me ?
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化后還有其他形式。
目的狀語(yǔ)從句
I came here in order to ask some question.
簡(jiǎn)化
I came here to ask some question.
目的狀語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)化后還有其他形式。
