首先需要聲明的是，現(xiàn)在寫(xiě)了一個(gè)客戶端和服務(wù)端通信的小功能程序，利用Python，當(dāng)然主要是Python的一些內(nèi)置庫(kù)。比如socket，sys，json，thread等。

socket通信原理

• Server端建立一個(gè)socket，然后綁定到一個(gè)（IP，port）對(duì)里，然后開(kāi)啟監(jiān)聽(tīng)，準(zhǔn)備好接收來(lái)自客戶端（另一方）的請(qǐng)求。其中和客戶端通信的方法有send(), sendall(), accept(), recv()等。
• Client端建立socket，進(jìn)行對(duì)服務(wù)器的連接，（可選的設(shè)置阻塞（同異步）方式等），連接上服務(wù)器后，進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的交互，sendall(), recv()等。
  **注意：！服務(wù)端和客戶端（socket兩端）都有數(shù)據(jù)的“收”，“發(fā)”方法。
• json的處理：將數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)化為json格式(包裝)：json.dumps(data), 返回一個(gè)封裝后的數(shù)據(jù)，然后發(fā)送給另一端，另一端再進(jìn)行解析（data接收(recv())后，進(jìn)行加載(json.loads(data))）, 這樣就可以按照字典的格式進(jìn)行讀取，data_loaded['ip']等
• 最后：連接關(guān)閉。socket的開(kāi)啟會(huì)占用帶寬，必須記得關(guān)閉。

以下是“心跳”程序的服務(wù)端（監(jiān)聽(tīng)心跳）代碼：

#!/usr/bin/python
#encoding:utf-8

'''
server
'''
import socket, sys, json
from thread import *
BUF_SIZE = 4096

HOST = socket.gethostname()
PORT = 7878
try:
    server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
except socket.error, e:
    print "Error creating socket: %s" %e
    sys.exit()
try:
    server.bind((HOST, PORT))
except socket.error:
    print "Bind failed!"
    sys.exit()
print "Socket bind complete"

server.listen(10)
print "Socket now listening"


def clientthread(coon):
    coon.send("Welcome to the server!")
    while True:
        try:
            data = coon.recv(BUF_SIZE)
            data_loaded = json.loads(data)
            print "ip: "+str(data_loaded['ip'])+" |status: "+data_loaded['status']+" |pid: "+str(data_loaded['pid'])
            # coon.sendall("hello, I love you!")    # set the client :setblock(0)is ok!
        except socket.error:
            print "One Client (IP: %s) Connected over!" % data_loaded['ip']
            break
    coon.close()


while True:
    coon, addr = server.accept()
    print "Connected with %s: %s " % (addr[0], str(addr[1]))
    start_new_thread(clientthread, (coon,))

server.close()

以下是心跳發(fā)起端代碼：

#!/usr/bin/python
#encoding:utf-8

'''
client
'''

import socket, sys, os
import time, json

host = 'ZFQSH-L0686'  # maybe change
port = 7878
BUF_SIZE = 4096

try:
    client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
except socket.error, e:
    print "Error creating socket: %s" % e
    sys.exit()

try:
    remote_ip = socket.gethostbyname(host)
except socket.gaierror:
    print "Hostname couldn't be resolved. Exciting"

    sys.exit()

try:
    client.connect((remote_ip, port))
    client.setblocking(0)   # set the socket is not blocking
    print "Socket connected to %s on ip %s" % (host, remote_ip)
except socket.gaierror, e:  #address related error
    print "connected to server error%s" % e
    sys.exit()


# beat_count = 0

#send heart_beat
while True:
    # beat_count += 1 #heart_beat time

    host_name = socket.gethostname()
    # data_to_server = "ip: "+str(socket.gethostbyname(host_name))+",    stats: alive,   "+"pid: "+str(os.getpid())
    data_to_server = {'ip': socket.gethostbyname(host_name), 'status': 'alive', 'pid': os.getpid()}
    data_dumped = json.dumps(data_to_server)
    try:
        client.sendall(data_dumped)
    except socket.error:
        print "Send failed!!"
        sys.exit()

    print 'I - ', os.getpid(), '- am alive.'
    time.sleep(50)
client.close()

需求庫(kù)

捕獲.PNG