題目:有些假設(shè)別當真,那是虛擬語氣
【知識點1 — if條件狀語從句】
一般是if引導(dǎo)的從句在前面,主句在后面,中間用逗號隔開。從句比主句提前發(fā)生,也就是提前一個時態(tài)。
【知識點2 — 虛擬語氣】
假設(shè)的情況與事實相反,或者可能根本實現(xiàn)不了,這時候不能用一般的if條件語句,需要使用虛擬假設(shè),來為我們創(chuàng)造這種理論上不可能的條件。
【知識點3 — 和現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣】
時態(tài)往過去推一級
從句:if+主語+謂語用過去式(be通常用were)
主句:主語+謂語用“would+動詞原形”
示例:
If I were you,I would change my lifestyle.
練習:
If I was rude to you,then I am sorry(我可能確實沒有禮貌)
If I were invisible,I would walk into pop concerns for free.(我實際上不能隱身)
【知識點1 — 一般條件句VS虛擬條件句】
If I have time,I will go for a walk.如果我有時間就會去散步
If I had time,I would go for a walk..如果我有時間就會去散步(可惜我沒有時間去散步)
示例:
虛擬語氣建議:
If I were you,I would choose the bright one.
虛擬語氣提醒他人:
If I were you,I wouldn't drag its tail.It may bite you.
【知識點2 — 和現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣】
從句:If + 主語 + 謂語用過去式(be通常用were)
主句:主語 + 謂語用should(would,could,might)+動詞原形
拓展:
主句中用would強調(diào)結(jié)果,could強調(diào)能力,might強調(diào)可能性
示例:
If you tried again,you would succeed.如果你再試一次,就成功了。
If you tried again,you could succeed.如果你再試一次,就能成功了。
If you tried again,you?might succeed.如果你再試一次,就可能成功了。
If I knew her number,I could ring her up.
【知識點3 — 和過去事實相反的虛擬語氣】
從句:主語+謂語用過去完成時(had+過去分詞)
主句:主語+謂語用should(would,could,might)+ have + 過去分詞
示例:
If I had left sooner,I would have been on time.(其實我沒有早出發(fā),而且已經(jīng)遲到了)
If I had studied as hard as him,I could have gotten an A+.
【知識點4— 和將來事實相反的虛擬語氣】
從句:主語 + 謂語動詞用:
1.過去式(be通常用were)
2.should do(可能性很小,“萬一”)
3.were to do(計劃實現(xiàn)不了)
主句:主語 + 謂語用should(would,could,might+動詞原形)
示例:
If it rained tomorrow,the basketball match would be put off.【其實可能不會下雨,籃球賽也不會推遲】
If it should rain tomorrow,the basketball match would be put off.【其實下雨的可能性很小很小,籃球賽也不會推遲】
if I should fail the exam,I would try again.萬一這次考不過,就要二刷。
拓展:
和將來的事實相反的虛擬語氣,其實假設(shè)并不一定會跟事實相反,它只是一種推測。如果If從句中謂語動詞用的是過去式,表示不確定這個動作發(fā)生的可能性是多少。
和將來事實相反的虛擬語氣,If從句中用were to do something,代表說話人不鼓勵這么做,可以理解為警告。
示例:
If you were to say another word,she would kick your ass.你要是再廢話,她(你媽)就要揍你咯。
If you were to break the law,you would be sent to prison.