協(xié)議

1. HTTP
2. DNS
3. FTP
4. SSH
5. SNMP
6. ICMP ping
7. DHCP

OSI七層

1. 應(yīng)用
2. 表示
3. 會(huì)話
4. 傳輸
5. 網(wǎng)絡(luò) IP
6. 數(shù)據(jù)鏈路 MAC
7. 物理層

地址簇 Socket Families（網(wǎng)絡(luò)層）

1. socket.AF_UNIX unix本機(jī)進(jìn)程間通信
2. socket.AF_INET IPV4
3. socket.AF_INET IPV6

Socket Types

1. socket.SOCK_STREAM # for tcp
2. socket.SOCK_DGRAM # for udp
3. socket.SOCK_RAW # 原始套接字可以處理 ICMP、IGMP等網(wǎng)絡(luò)報(bào)文
4. socket.SOCK_RDM # 是一種可靠的UDP形式保證數(shù)據(jù)交互不保證順序

TCP

1. 三次握手，四次斷開(kāi)

查看端口

1. netstat -ano # 查看端口占用情況
2. netstat -aon|findstr "9050" # 查看端口占用情況

Server

import socket

socketServer = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
socketServer.bind(("localhost", 8888))  # 這里必須傳入一個(gè)元組
socketServer.listen(5)

while True:
    clientSocket, address = socketServer.accept()
    print("客戶(hù)端連接上了")
    bytes1 = clientSocket.recv(1024)
    print("接收消息：", str(bytes1, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"))
    myStr = input("發(fā)送信息：")
    clientSocket.send(bytes(myStr, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"))
serverSocket.close()

Client

import socket

clientSocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
clientSocket.connect(("localhost", 8888))
while True:
    myStr = input("請(qǐng)輸入消息")
    clientSocket.send(myStr.encode(encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"))
    bytes = clientSocket.recv(1024)
    print(str(bytes, encoding="utf-8", errors="strict"))
clientSocket.close()

UDP

Server

import socket

udpserver = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
udpserver.bind(("192.168.23.1", 8848))
while True:
    data, addr = udpserver.recvfrom(1024)
    message = str(data, encoding="utf-8", errors="ignore")
    print("來(lái)自", addr, "消息", message)
udpserver.close()

Client

import socket

# socket.AF_INET
# socket.SOCK_DGRAM
udp = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
while True:
    mystr = input("你想說(shuō)啥：")
    udp.sendto(mystr.encode("utf-8", errors="ignore"), ("127.0.0.1", 8848))
    print(udp.recv(1024).decode("utf-8"))   # 收消息

udp.close()