1. 這是什么詞？
詞：ground
英英釋義：a reason for what you say or do, or for being allowed to say or do something
例句：Gene editing has drawn widespread public criticism on ethical grounds.
2. 為什么選這個詞？
“ground”作名詞有很多意思，除了最常見的“地面”外，它也常被用于表示“理由”“根據(jù)”。掌握了 ground 的這個用法，我們就可以在很多場景下，用它替換 reason，because 等，讓表達具有多樣性。
ground 表示“理由”時，一定要注意：它一般都會以復(fù)數(shù)形式 grounds 出現(xiàn)。
我們常說的“實錘”（即“確鑿的證據(jù)”）就可以用到 ground。比如一位女性指控他人性騷擾，如果有確鑿的證據(jù)的話，我們就可以說：
She has valid grounds for accusing him of sexual harassment.
“基因編輯嬰兒”曝光后引來了許多爭議，許多人從倫理層面批評這個項目。我們可以用英文說成：
Gene editing has drawn widespread public criticism on ethical grounds.
ground 常和介詞 on 搭配構(gòu)成短語 on the grounds of/that， 表示“因為…的理由”“以…為根據(jù)”。我們在論證說理時就可以用到它，如果你準(zhǔn)備考雅思和托福，一定要掌握它。
《經(jīng)濟學(xué)人》在介紹西湖大學(xué)時，提到現(xiàn)任校長施一公的教學(xué)理念時就用到了 on the grounds that：
Mr Shi believes that if elite universities select students on the grounds not just of their test scores, but also of their intellectual maturity and social responsibility, this will influence the way pupils are taught at school, and change the way they think.
3. 怎樣學(xué)會使用這個詞？
1）使用《牛津英語搭配詞典》查“ground”，了解它作為名詞表示“理由”時的常用搭配。?
注意事項：on the ground that...和 on the grounds?that...相同，都作“以……為理由”解。例如：He was severely criticized?on the ground(s)?that?he did not work hard. on the ground of（以……為理由）里不可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。on...grounds（以……的理由）里不可用單數(shù)形式 ground，如該說 on public grounds和 on humanitarian grounds。?
a. [搭配]ADJ.
good, reasonable, sufficient, valid 正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛桑缓侠淼囊罁?jù)；足夠的理由；令人信服的根據(jù)
b. [搭配]VERB + GROUNDS?
have 有理由:
The constable had reasonable grounds for arresting her.?警察有正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛纱端?/p>
give (sb) 給（某人）理由以…:
His evasiveness gave grounds for the suspicion that he knew more than he was saying.?他含糊其詞，讓人有理由懷疑他沒有把知道的都說出來。
c. [搭配]PREP.
on ... ~s 由于…原因:
Permission to open a mine was denied on environmental grounds.?由于環(huán)境方面的原因，開礦被否決了。
on the ~s of 因為…原因:
He resigned from his post on the grounds of ill health.?他以身體不好為理由辭職了。
~ for 導(dǎo)致…的原因:
Drunkenness at work was sufficient grounds for instant dismissal.?工作時醉酒足可導(dǎo)致立即被開除。
2）翻譯下面的句子：
因為英語不夠好，他拒絕了邀請。
（參考翻譯：He turned down the invitation on the grounds that his English was not good enough. 或者 On the grounds of inadequate English, he declined the invitation. ）
3）結(jié)合自己的生活、學(xué)習(xí)、工作、興趣等，想象在什么語境下會用到這個表達。先簡要描述這個場景，再造句。
場景1： 因為天氣不好，航班被取消了。
造句：On the grounds of bad weather, the flights were canceled.?
場景2： 我們采取這個措施，是有充足的理論依據(jù)的。
造句：We take this measure on the sufficient theoretical grounds.?
例句：I wonder if there are some solid legal grounds on which I could sue them?
However, interest-based financing systems can neither be justified on the grounds of efficiency nor on the basis of economic justice.
