【狂云歌之unity_vr】unity項(xiàng)目持續(xù)集成dailybuild以及多平臺(tái)打包管理

unityvr

前言

持續(xù)集成的意義就不多說(shuō)了。unity通常打包一般就直接build&run，但是在實(shí)際項(xiàng)目中，往往直接在服務(wù)器build包，所以命令行打包必不可少，這里一方面分享unity打包做持續(xù)集成，一方面分享使用unity管理多平臺(tái)打包，例如一個(gè)vrapp需要支持gear版本，支持小米版本，支持cardboard版本等等~懂的人就知道這里具有一定的管理維護(hù)成本。

我們做vr相關(guān)的app，需要支持gear、cardboard、小米、vivo、大朋、暴風(fēng)、Idealens、pico、nibiru、酷開等一大堆平臺(tái)，曾經(jīng)還有l(wèi)g和htcvive、oculus平臺(tái)，未來(lái)還會(huì)有更多的平臺(tái)，所以關(guān)于unity項(xiàng)目的多平臺(tái)管理是很重要的，在這方面我們也在探索，積累了一點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這里介紹的主要是基于unity中c#寫的打包和多平臺(tái)管理，如果將其中一部分功能使用python和其他配置文件來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)也是可以的，只是用c#直接做會(huì)方便許多。

jenkins

jenkins

https://jenkins.io/index.html

jenkins不用多說(shuō)，懂的人都了解是干什么的，來(lái)源于hudson，可以比較容易的搭起一個(gè)持續(xù)集成服務(wù)器，支持svn和git等版本管理。支持bash，所以可以用bash、python等大部分腳本來(lái)寫打包腳本和前后的處理。

unity命令行打包

unity如何進(jìn)行命令行打包呢，其實(shí)unity是支持以命令行方式啟動(dòng)的，但是需要關(guān)閉editor支持執(zhí)行命令，如下：

${unity可執(zhí)行文件路徑} -projectPath ${項(xiàng)目路徑} 
-executeMethod CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease 
-batchmode -quit -logFile ${放log的路徑} 
-ForceExitEditor

整體比較容易理解，其中CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease是一個(gè)類的靜態(tài)方法，然后在這個(gè)方法中寫打包相關(guān)邏輯即可。

EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);
string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };
BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);

核心邏輯就這么多，就會(huì)開始打一個(gè)android包并且生成到buildpath下面

多平臺(tái)打包管理

準(zhǔn)備工作

對(duì)unity插件不熟悉的可以看下 開發(fā)unity插件——一次搞定unity編輯器常用功能

我這里準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)全局的配置文件，當(dāng)然這個(gè)可以使用外部配置文件來(lái)管理配置，是一個(gè)道理的。這里定義了兩個(gè)平臺(tái)版本一個(gè)是alpha一個(gè)是beta，使用宏來(lái)區(qū)分不同平臺(tái)的版本號(hào)。

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class GlobalConfig {
#if CLOUD_ALPHA
    public const int ClientVersionCode = 1;
    public const string ClientVersion = "1.0";
#elif CLOUD_BETA
    public const int ClientVersionCode = 2;
    public const string ClientVersion = "1.1";
#endif
}

文件目錄組織大概如下，其中CloudBuild是編輯器工具，包含菜單項(xiàng)和打包功能，兩個(gè)平臺(tái)分別依賴不同的so文件和manifest文件。

dir

制作了一個(gè)menu，主要包含的功能是可以在alpha和beta平臺(tái)之間切換，可以打alpha平臺(tái)的apk包，當(dāng)然想打beta平臺(tái)的包只需要簡(jiǎn)單修改。

menu

manifest管理

寫個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的腳本進(jìn)行manifest替換就好，對(duì)于alpha平臺(tái)和beta平臺(tái)各有自己的manifest文件，在切換平臺(tái)的時(shí)候?qū)?duì)應(yīng)的manifest復(fù)制替換。

/// <summary>
///  使用相應(yīng)的androidmanifest
/// </summary>
static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename)
{
    string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);
    string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";
    string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";
    File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);
    AssetDatabase.Refresh();//因?yàn)樾薷牧薽anifest文件，所以刷新unity的assets
}

依賴包管理

為什么要做依賴包管理呢？因?yàn)樵谑褂貌煌脚_(tái)sdk的時(shí)候，可能會(huì)引入很多sdk，每個(gè)sdk里包含自己的so、jar、aar包等，如果什么都不管理，直接打包的話，那么這些依賴的文件都會(huì)打進(jìn)所有的apk包，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)就會(huì)增加包的體積，更嚴(yán)重的情況下，這些不同平臺(tái)sdk里的依賴庫(kù)可能還會(huì)有沖突，如果打進(jìn)同一個(gè)apk包，后果不堪設(shè)想~

做依賴包管理主要依賴unity自己的assetimport管理如下圖，那么只要在需要的時(shí)候勾選不需要的時(shí)候取消勾選就好了，我們要做的就是用代碼來(lái)自動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)功能。

assetsimport

先準(zhǔn)備好各個(gè)平臺(tái)的依賴包路徑

static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {
    "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so",
};

static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {
    "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so",
};

然后在切換不同平臺(tái)的時(shí)候?qū)@些依賴包的import做處理，這塊Asset屬于plugin，所以使用pluginimporter來(lái)管理勾選的問題。

static void ChangePluginToAlpha()
{
    SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);
    SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false);
}

static void ChangePluginToBeta()
{
    SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);
    SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true);
}

static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true)
{
    foreach(var path in plugins)
    {
        PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;
        vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);
    }
}

非常簡(jiǎn)單一看就可以懂，然后試一下就明白了。

平臺(tái)切換

平臺(tái)切換功能主要是在editor里調(diào)試各個(gè)平臺(tái)功能的時(shí)候使用的菜單項(xiàng)，功能也很簡(jiǎn)單，就做了下面幾件事情

• 切平臺(tái)和宏定義
• 切playersetting參數(shù)
• 切buildscene配置
• 切manifest和依賴包
• 保存及打開對(duì)應(yīng)平臺(tái)的場(chǎng)景（如果場(chǎng)景不是復(fù)用的）

代碼示例如下，因?yàn)槲覀冏鰒r相關(guān)的app，所以在gear平臺(tái)時(shí)vrsupport為true，其他平臺(tái)時(shí)為false，如果不同平臺(tái)的scene不一樣，那么在最后問用戶是否保存當(dāng)前場(chǎng)景，然后打開對(duì)應(yīng)平臺(tái)的場(chǎng)景。

/// <summary>
/// 切換alpha平臺(tái)
/// </summary>
[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)]
static void SwitchToAlpha()
{
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);
    PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
    EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {
        new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),
        new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)
    };//場(chǎng)景
    UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
    ChangePluginToAlpha();
    EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();
    EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
}

打包

那么最后打包腳本如下，粗看信息量可能比較大，實(shí)際只做了幾件事情

• 準(zhǔn)備好要打包的scene
• 將當(dāng)前editor的狀態(tài)保存一下，以便打完包恢復(fù)，這是為了開發(fā)使用方便而已，否則在開發(fā)機(jī)上打個(gè)包就發(fā)現(xiàn)editor的很多屬性變了有時(shí)很尷尬
• 處理android的簽名問題
• 打包
• 最后如果是windows，一般是開發(fā)機(jī)，直接打開build好的apk所在文件夾，方便使用

/// <summary>
/// </summary>
[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")]
static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease()
{
    EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);
    string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };
    string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();
    if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null)
    {
        Debug.LogError("error scene is null");
        return;
    }
    string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;
    string name = PlayerSettings.productName;
    bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;
    PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
    PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";
    PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;
    PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;
    PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;
    string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);
    UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
    ChangePluginToAlpha();
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);
    string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));
    BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);
    PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);
    PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;
    PlayerSettings.productName = name;
    PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
    string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\');
#if UNITY_EDITOR_WIN
    System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\"");
#endif
}

完整的CloudBuild文件如下：

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System;
using System.Globalization;
using UnityEditor.SceneManagement;
/// <summary>
/// </summary>
partial class CloudBuild
{
    const string PRODUCT_NAME = "狂云歌VR";
    const string DEFINES_ALPHA  = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_ALPHA;";
    const string DEFINES_BETA = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_BETA;";
    const string DEFINES_RELEASE = "CLOUD_RELEASE";

    static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {
        "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so",
    };

    static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {
        "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so",
    };

    // Build the Android APK and place into main project folder
    static string GetBuildPathAndroid()
    {
        string dirPath = Application.dataPath + "/../build/android/";
        if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(dirPath))
        {
            System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(dirPath);
        }
        return dirPath;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// </summary>
    [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")]
    static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease()
    {
        EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);
        string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };
        string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();
        if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null)
        {
            Debug.LogError("error scene is null");
            return;
        }
        string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;
        string name = PlayerSettings.productName;
        bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;
        PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
        PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";
        PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;
        PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;
        PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;
        string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);
        UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
        ChangePluginToAlpha();
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);
        string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));
        BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);
        PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);
        PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;
        PlayerSettings.productName = name;
        PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
        string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\');
#if UNITY_EDITOR_WIN
        System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\"");
#endif
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 切換alpha平臺(tái)
    /// </summary>
    [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)]
    static void SwitchToAlpha()
    {
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);
        PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
        EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {
            new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),
            new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)
        };//場(chǎng)景
        UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
        ChangePluginToAlpha();
        EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();
        EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 切換beta平臺(tái)
    /// </summary>
    [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToBeta", priority = 50)]
    static void SwitchToBeta()
    {
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_BETA);
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_BETA);
        PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
        EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {
            new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),
            new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)
        };//場(chǎng)景
        UseAndroidManifest("Beta");
        ChangePluginToBeta();
        EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();
        EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///  使用相應(yīng)的androidmanifest
    /// </summary>
    static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename)
    {
        string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);
        string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";
        string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";
        File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);

        PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;
        PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;
        AssetDatabase.Refresh();
    }

    static void ChangePluginToAlpha()
    {
        SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);
        SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false);
    }

    static void ChangePluginToBeta()
    {
        SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);
        SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true);
    }

    static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true)
    {
        foreach(var path in plugins)
        {
            PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;
            vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);
        }
    }
}

后續(xù)

這里沒寫build ios ipa包的過(guò)程，ios的build過(guò)程會(huì)稍微長(zhǎng)一些，要先build好xcode project然后再通過(guò)xcode的命令行去打包，所以前半部分與android是可以復(fù)用的，只要稍加修改就可以支持ios的build。另外我們現(xiàn)在做vr相關(guān)的app，大部分都是android版本，所以apk的管理比較實(shí)用。

VR開發(fā)或者unity相關(guān)交流可以郵件madcloudsong@qq.com
轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明原文鏈接
http://www.itdecent.cn/p/b00f9b7fdb06