接著上篇： http://www.itdecent.cn/p/7c884d23f632
本篇把第一節(jié)中的數(shù)據(jù)庫使用laravel的數(shù)據(jù)庫遷移，遷入數(shù)據(jù)庫。

書寫數(shù)據(jù)遷移文件

導(dǎo)入項目到phpstrom中，會在database 下面看見 migrations文件夾，默認會有如下兩個文件
<pre>
2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table.php
2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table.php
</pre>
內(nèi)容分別為
** 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table.php **
<pre>
<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->string('name');
$table->string('email')->unique();
$table->string('password');
$table->rememberToken();
$table->timestamps();
});
}

/**
 * Reverse the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function down()
{
    Schema::dropIfExists('users');
}

}

</pre>
** 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table.php **
<pre>
<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreatePasswordResetsTable extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('password_resets', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->string('email')->index();
$table->string('token');
$table->timestamp('created_at')->nullable();
});
}

/**
 * Reverse the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function down()
{
    Schema::dropIfExists('password_resets');
}

}

</pre>

遷移文件結(jié)構(gòu)框架

通過默認的文件看，遷移文件的結(jié)構(gòu)大致 如下：
<pre>
class XXXXXXTable extends Migration
{
public function up()//遷移創(chuàng)建
{
Schema::create('password_resets', function (Blueprint $table) {
//創(chuàng)建或者修改字段
});
}
public function down()//回滾等時候調(diào)用
{
Schema::dropIfExists('password_resets');//舍棄數(shù)據(jù)表
}
}
</pre>

創(chuàng)建posts表數(shù)據(jù)遷移文件

看了上面的大致結(jié)構(gòu)，其實我們是可以自己寫的，但是，為了省力，laravel框架為我們已經(jīng)提供了很方便的命令
<pre>php artisan make:migration posts </pre>

http://d.laravel-china.org/docs/5.4/migrations#creating-columns

我這里直接粘貼我的遷移文件.
提示：所有的遷移命令請在homestead的虛擬機中運行

** php artisan make:migration posts **
<pre>
class Posts extends Migration
{
private $table_name = 'posts';
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create($this->table_name, function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->integer('uid')->unsigned();
$table->string('title')->unique();
$table->text('content')->defalult('');
$table->text('description')->defalult('');
$table->tinyInteger('status')->default(1);
$table->timestamps();
});

    Schema::table($this->table_name, function($table) {
        $table->foreign('uid')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
    });
}

/**
 * Reverse the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function down()
{
    Schema::drop($this->table_name);

}

}

</pre>

** php artisan make:migration comments **
<pre>
class Comments extends Migration
{
private $table_name = 'comments';

/**
 * Run the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function up()
{
    Schema::create($this->table_name, function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->increments('id');
        $table->integer('uid')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('post_id')->default(0);
        $table->string('title')->unique();
        $table->text('content')->defalult('');
        $table->tinyInteger('status')->default(1);
        $table->timestamps();
    });

    Schema::table($this->table_name, function($table) {
        $table->foreign('uid')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
        $table->foreign('post_id')->references('id')->on('posts')->onDelete('cascade');

    });
}

/**
 * Reverse the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function down()
{
    Schema::drop($this->table_name);
}

}

</pre>

** php artisan make:migration users **
<pre>
class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
private $table_name = 'users';
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
/
public function up()
{
Schema::create($this->table_name, function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->string('name');
$table->string('email')->unique();
$table->string('password');
$table->string('description')->default('');
$table->string('avatar')->default('');
$table->string('profile_image')->default('');
$table->tinyInteger('status')->default(1);
$table->rememberToken();
$table->timestamps();
});
}
/*
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::dropIfExists($this->table_name);
}
}
</pre>

運行遷移命令

<pre>
php artisan migrate
</pre>

不出意外
<pre>

[Illuminate\Database\QueryException]
SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1215 Cannot add foreign key constraint (SQL: alter table comments add constraint comments_post_id_foreign foreign key (post_id) references posts (id) on del
ete cascade)

[PDOException]
SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1215 Cannot add foreign key constraint

</pre>

不要怕折騰?。。?/p>

我查詢了一些資料，有說是字段不對，有說是 存儲引擎不對！還有說是遷移命令執(zhí)行的時候，表之間有依賴關(guān)系，需要控制表的執(zhí)行順序?。?！

但是，我最后發(fā)現(xiàn)是默認 increments 默認生產(chǎn)的id都是無符號的，所以，這里要保持一致（截圖只是示意，例如uid那個unsigned我是加了的）！

Paste_Image.png

如下
<pre>
$table->integer('post_id')->unsigned()->default(0);
</pre>

到這里，數(shù)據(jù)表制作好了！

對了，如果中間遇到錯誤 可以運行rollback命令，也可以手動暴力刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫所有表。

連接laravel 數(shù)據(jù)庫

認真安裝過homestead的同學(xué)，肯定知道如何連接了 ，配置如下
ip：127.0.0.1
端口：33060
用戶名：homestead
密碼：homestead

使用sequrl pro 鏈接如下

sequrl pro .png

還不錯，laravel考慮的還是比較多的，不愧是藝術(shù)家的框架！

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