Centos Java 項目基本環(huán)境搭建

1.環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備工作：

在這里首先我們要關(guān)注我們將要部署的目標(biāo)服務(wù)器是否是阿里的云服務(wù)器如果是，那么我們不需要更換YUM的源，如果不是進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)第一件事我們需要更換掉yum源，這樣在后面我們安裝各種組件的時候我們可以節(jié)省很多不必要的時間和規(guī)避很多麻煩
1.1 更換Yum源的代碼如下:
以root賬戶登入Centos服務(wù)器
ssh root@192.168.1.251
[root@iotvpn ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@iotvpn yum.repos.d]# mv ./CentOS-Base.repo ./CentOS-Base.repo.backup
[root@iotvpn yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[root@iotvpn yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[root@iotvpn yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
- base: mirrors.aliyun.com
- extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
- updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
  base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
  extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
  updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
  (1/12): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 166 kB 00:00:00
  (2/12): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 7.1 MB 00:00:01
  (3/12): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 231 kB 00:00:00
  (4/12): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 47 kB 00:00:00
  (5/12): base/7/x86_64/other_db | 2.6 MB 00:00:00
  (6/12): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 180 kB 00:00:00
  (7/12): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 358 kB 00:00:00
  (8/12): extras/7/x86_64/other_db | 118 kB 00:00:00
  (9/12): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 2.5 MB 00:00:00
  (10/12): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db
  (11/12): updates/7/x86_64/other_db
  (12/12): base/7/x86_64/primary_db
  Metadata Cache Created
  </pre>
1.2 為了我們在管理進(jìn)程時方便我們在服務(wù)器中可安裝htop來對進(jìn)程進(jìn)行可視化管理，具體操作如下:
[root@iotvpn ~]# yum install epel-release -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
- base: mirrors.aliyun.com
- extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
- updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
  base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
  extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
  updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
  Resolving Dependencies
  --> Running transaction check
  ---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-11 will be installed
  --> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved

==========================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================================================================
Installing:
epel-release noarch 7-11 extras 15 k

Transaction Summary

Install 1 Package

Total download size: 15 k
Installed size: 24 k
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/extras/packages/epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm is not installed
epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm | 15 kB 00:00:00
Retrieving key from http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) security@centos.org"
Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
From : http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : epel-release-7-11.noarch 1/1
Verifying : epel-release-7-11.noarch 1/1

Installed:
epel-release.noarch 0:7-11

Complete!
[root@iotvpn ~]# yum -y install htop
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink | 9.0 kB 00:00:00
- base: mirrors.aliyun.com
- epel: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
- extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
- updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
  epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
  (1/3): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 88 kB 00:00:00
  (2/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 959 kB 00:00:00
  (3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.6 MB 00:00:00
  Resolving Dependencies
  --> Running transaction check
  ---> Package htop.x86_64 0:2.2.0-3.el7 will be installed
  --> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved

==========================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================================================================
Installing:
htop x86_64 2.2.0-3.el7 epel 103 k

Transaction Summary

Install 1 Package

Total download size: 103 k
Installed size: 218 k
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/htop-2.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Public key for htop-2.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
htop-2.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 103 kB 00:00:00
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Importing GPG key 0x352C64E5:
Userid : "Fedora EPEL (7) epel@fedoraproject.org"
Fingerprint: 91e9 7d7c 4a5e 96f1 7f3e 888f 6a2f aea2 352c 64e5
Package : epel-release-7-11.noarch (@extras)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : htop-2.2.0-3.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : htop-2.2.0-3.el7.x86_64 1/1

Installed:
htop.x86_64 0:2.2.0-3.el7

Complete!

然后htop一下就可以看到可視化得進(jìn)程界面了</br>
1.3 接下來我們安裝Java得JDK環(huán)境并配置JAVA環(huán)境變量
[root@iotvpn home]# mkdir download
[root@iotvpn home]# ls
beitakeji download
[root@iotvpn home]# cd download/
```
這里使用Xftp上傳到服務(wù)器我們剛剛創(chuàng)建得download文件夾中,關(guān)于Xshell和Xftp得下載鏈接上面給出，可進(jìn)行下載，若不會使用可百度搜索，非常簡單，這里不做贅述</br>
```
[root@iotvpn download]# ls
jdk-8u201-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@iotvpn download]# tar -zxvf ./jdk-8u201-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@iotvpn download]# ls
jdk1.8.0_201 jdk-8u201-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@iotvpn download]# mkdir /usr/local/java
[root@iotvpn download]# mv ./jdk1.8.0_201/ /usr/local/java/jdk1_8_201
[root@iotvpn download]# cd /usr/local/java/jdk1_8_201/
[root@iotvpn jdk1_8_201]# pwd
/usr/local/java/jdk1_8_201
[root@iotvpn jdk1_8_201]# vim /etc/profile

在profile文件得末尾處按鍵盤a插入如下的內(nèi)容

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1_8_201
JRE_HOME= $JAVA_HOME/jre CLASSPATH=.:$ JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar: $JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$ JRE_HOME/lib
PATH= $JAVA_HOME/bin:$ JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASSPATH PATH

然后按ESC鍵，按shift+鍵盤冒號鍵并輸入wq!回車保存：

:wq!

推出VIM文本編輯器后我們刷新下profile配置文件,并確認(rèn)下是否配置成功

[root@iotvpn jdk1_8_201]# source /etc/profile
[root@iotvpn jdk1_8_201]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_201"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)
[root@iotvpn jdk1_8_201]# javac -version
javac 1.8.0_201
[root@iotvpn jdk1_8_201]#
到這里JDK環(huán)境變量在Centos中便配置完成了！理論上所有的服務(wù)器拿到手需要在上面做JAVA或者數(shù)據(jù)庫的環(huán)境搭建都需要做以上的這些操作，阿里的云服yum的源已經(jīng)在鏡像中指定好了我們可以節(jié)省掉配置yum源的操作
1.4 Tomcat容器的搭建

系統(tǒng)中iotBmp的業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)是外置服務(wù)器容器的項目所以當(dāng)我們部署整套系統(tǒng)的時候必須要在該項目部署的所在服務(wù)器中搭建Tomcat中間件容器
* 首先把下載好得Tomcat中間件tar包使用xftp上傳至目標(biāo)服務(wù)器并解壓
[root@iotvpn download]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.93.tar.gz jdk-8u201-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@iotvpn download]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.93.tar.gz
[root@iotvpn download]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.93 apache-tomcat-7.0.93.tar.gz jdk-8u201-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@iotvpn download]# mv ./apache-tomcat-7.0.93 /usr/local/tomcat7
[root@iotvpn download]# cd /usr/local/tomcat7/bin
[root@iotvpn bin]# ls
bootstrap.jar commons-daemon.jar daemon.sh setclasspath.sh startup.sh tool-wrapper.sh
catalina.bat commons-daemon-native.tar.gz digest.bat shutdown.bat tomcat-juli.jar version.bat
catalina.sh configtest.bat digest.sh shutdown.sh tomcat-native.tar.gz version.sh
catalina-tasks.xml configtest.sh setclasspath.bat startup.bat tool-wrapper.bat
[root@iotvpn bin]# vim ./catalina.sh

image

>在紅框位置添加 CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/tomcat.pid" 然后按ESC再按shift+冒號鍵 “wq!”保存
[root@iotvpn bin]# vim /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking

Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1_8_201"

PIDFile=/usr/local/tomcat7/tomcat.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT$ MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

然后按ESC再按shift+冒號鍵進(jìn)行"wq!"保存！這里要注意一點 Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1_8_201" 這里要配置環(huán)境變量，在/etc/profile下配置得環(huán)境變量這里是無效得！所以要單獨進(jìn)行配置，接下來我們啟動下tomcat訪問下8080端口訪問試試看。另外如果服務(wù)器本身防火墻firewalld或者iptables打開得狀態(tài)，需要把端口訪問權(quán)限放開這里以firewalld為例

[root@iotvpn bin]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
success
[root@iotvpn bin]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@iotvpn bin]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
8080/tcp
[root@iotvpn bin]# systemctl enable tomcat
[root@iotvpn bin]# systemctl start tomcat

這樣tomcat就可以訪問測試項目了，通常來說我們?yōu)榱瞬渴鹞募A會把項目部署文件夾放在一個上傳比較方便得目錄下，這個配置在tomcat得conf文件夾得server.xml中，接下來我們進(jìn)行修改

[root@iotvpn bin]# cd /usr/local/tomcat7
[root@iotvpn tomcat7]# ls
bin BUILDING.txt conf CONTRIBUTING.md lib LICENSE logs NOTICE README.md RELEASE-NOTES RUNNING.txt temp webapps work
[root@iotvpn tomcat7]# cd conf/
[root@iotvpn conf]# ls
Catalina catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml logging.properties server.xml tomcat-users.xml web.xml
[root@iotvpn conf]# vim ./server.xml
</pre>

把<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"></br>
改為<Host name="localhost" appBase="/home/webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"></br>
然后按ESC再按shift+冒號輸入"wq!"保存，接著因為我們設(shè)定得tomcat項目部署目錄為/home/webapps所以我們要創(chuàng)建出該目錄
<pre>
[root@iotvpn conf]# mkdir /home/webapps
[root@iotvpn conf]# cd /home/
[root@iotvpn home]# ls
beitakeji download webapps
[root@iotvpn home]# systemctl stop tomcat
[root@iotvpn home]# systemctl start tomcat
[root@iotvpn home]# systemctl status tomcat
● tomcat.service - Tomcat
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-03-12 13:20:41 CST; 1min 12s ago
Process: 32402 ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 32541 ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 32551 (java)
Tasks: 41
CGroup: /system.slice/tomcat.service
└─32551 /usr/local/java/jdk1_8_201/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat7/conf/logging.properties -Djav...

Mar 12 13:20:41 iotvpn systemd[1]: Starting Tomcat...
Mar 12 13:20:41 iotvpn startup.sh[32541]: Tomcat started.
Mar 12 13:20:41 iotvpn systemd[1]: Started Tomcat.
[root@iotvpn home]# netstat -apn|grep 8080
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 32551/java
?到這里為止所有服務(wù)器環(huán)境部署前所需要做的準(zhǔn)備就都做好了