mongodb副本集搭建

環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

服務(wù)器：centOS7
mongodb版本：3.6.2
副本集方案：1個(gè)主節(jié)點(diǎn)+2個(gè)二級(jí)節(jié)點(diǎn)
注意：部署生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的時(shí)候最好將不同的節(jié)點(diǎn)部署在不同的服務(wù)器上，本文為了演示，因此直接部署在同一臺(tái)。

配置

3個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)除了端口號(hào)其余的配置都一樣，如下：

processManagement:
    fork: true
    pidFilePath: ../mongod.pid
net: 
    bindIp: 0.0.0.0
    port: 27019
    maxIncomingConnections: 65536  
    wireObjectCheck: true 
    ipv6: false
storage:
    dbPath: ../data
    indexBuildRetry: true
    journal:
        enabled: true
systemLog:
    path: ../logs/mongodb.log
    logAppend: true
    destination: file
replication:
    oplogSizeMB: 10240
    replSetName: myrepl
    secondaryIndexPrefetch: all
security:
    authorization: enabled
    clusterAuthMode: keyFile
    keyFile: ../../mongodb.key
    javascriptEnabled: true

步驟

  1. 生成keyFile文件
openssl rand -base64 735 > mongodb.key  
chmod 600 mongodb.key
  1. 分別啟動(dòng)各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)mongodb實(shí)例
./mongod -f ../mongod.conf//進(jìn)入mongodb的bin目錄下
  1. 服務(wù)器啟動(dòng)之后，進(jìn)入任意一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的命令行，將三個(gè)的實(shí)例關(guān)聯(lián)起來(lái)
> config = {
... _id : "myrepl",
... members : [
... {_id : 0, host : "127.0.0.1:27017"},
... {_id : 1, host : "127.0.0.1:27018"},
... {_id : 2, host : "127.0.0.1:27019"}]}
{
        "_id" : "myrepl",
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27017"
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 1,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27018"
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27019"
                }
        ]
}
  1. 初始化副本集的配置
> rs.initiate(config)
{
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1520260635, 1),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1520260635, 1),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
                }
        }
}
>
  1. 當(dāng)初始化配置信息后，可以明顯的看到mongodb的命令行發(fā)生了變化，會(huì)顯示出當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)所屬的副本集名稱和節(jié)點(diǎn)類型。
[root@pmj bin]# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version v3.6.2
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017
MongoDB server version: 3.6.2
myrepl:PRIMARY>

至此，mongodb的副本集配置已經(jīng)完成了，接下來(lái)是測(cè)試副本集是否可用

測(cè)試

  1. 由于之前的配置是開(kāi)啟安全認(rèn)證的，因此需要進(jìn)入主節(jié)點(diǎn)先建一個(gè)root用戶，然后認(rèn)證
myrepl:PRIMARY> use admin
switched to db admin
myrepl:PRIMARY>  db.createUser({user: "admin",pwd:"admin",roles:[{role:"root",db:"admin"}]})
Successfully added user: {
        "user" : "admin",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "root",
                        "db" : "admin"
                }
        ]
}
myrepl:PRIMARY> db.auth("admin","admin")
1
myrepl:PRIMARY>
  1. 查看副本集狀態(tài)
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.config()
{
        "_id" : "myrepl",
        "version" : 1,
        "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27017",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {
                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 1,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27018",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {
                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {
                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                }
        ],
        "settings" : {
                "chainingAllowed" : true,
                "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : 2000,
                "heartbeatTimeoutSecs" : 10,
                "electionTimeoutMillis" : 10000,
                "catchUpTimeoutMillis" : -1,
                "catchUpTakeoverDelayMillis" : 30000,
                "getLastErrorModes" : {
                },
                "getLastErrorDefaults" : {
                        "w" : 1,
                        "wtimeout" : 0
                },
                "replicaSetId" : ObjectId("5a9d561bdecc034b55b5a5b9")
        }
}
  1. 查看主節(jié)點(diǎn)信息
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
        "hosts" : [
                "127.0.0.1:27017",
                "127.0.0.1:27018",
                "127.0.0.1:27019"
        ],
        "setName" : "myrepl",
        "setVersion" : 1,
        "ismaster" : true,
        "secondary" : false,
        "primary" : "127.0.0.1:27017",
        "me" : "127.0.0.1:27017",
        //.......................
}
  1. 新建一個(gè)測(cè)試庫(kù)mydb和測(cè)試用戶test，用于測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)插入
myrepl:PRIMARY> use mydb
switched to db mydb
myrepl:PRIMARY>  db.createUser({user: "test",pwd:"test",roles:[{role:"readWrite",db:"mydb"}]})
Successfully added user: {
        "user" : "test",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "readWrite",
                        "db" : "mydb"
                }
        ]
}
myrepl:PRIMARY> use mydb
switched to db mydb
myrepl:PRIMARY> db.auth("test","test")
1

5.插入100條數(shù)據(jù)

myrepl:PRIMARY> for(var i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
... db.testCollection.insert({order: i, name: "test" + i}) }
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
myrepl:PRIMARY> db.testCollection.count()
100
  1. 進(jìn)入二級(jí)節(jié)點(diǎn)，查看數(shù)據(jù)是否同步
myrepl:SECONDARY> use mydb
switched to db mydb
myrepl:SECONDARY> db.auth("test","test")
1
myrepl:SECONDARY> db.testCollection.count()
2018-03-05T22:58:27.069+0800 E QUERY    [thread1] Error: count failed: {
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1520261897, 1),
        "ok" : 0,
        "errmsg" : "not master and slaveOk=false",
        "code" : 13435,
        "codeName" : "NotMasterNoSlaveOk",
        //.........................省略
}

當(dāng)我們要查看二級(jí)節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)出錯(cuò)，這是因?yàn)槎?jí)節(jié)點(diǎn)默認(rèn)情況下是拒絕讀取的，因此需開(kāi)啟讀取功能

myrepl:SECONDARY> conn = new Mongo("127.0.0.1:27018")
connection to 127.0.0.1:27018
myrepl:SECONDARY> conn.setSlaveOk()

接著再查看數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)同步了

myrepl:SECONDARY> use mydb
switched to db mydb
myrepl:SECONDARY> db.auth("test","test")
1
myrepl:SECONDARY> db.testCollection.count()
100

故障轉(zhuǎn)移

在這個(gè)例子中，副本集有3個(gè)成員，因此，我們將現(xiàn)在的主節(jié)點(diǎn)（端口號(hào)為27017）進(jìn)程殺死，然后再查看副本集的狀態(tài)，發(fā)現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)（端口號(hào)27019）的變?yōu)橹鞴?jié)點(diǎn)

myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
        "hosts" : [
                "127.0.0.1:27017",
                "127.0.0.1:27018",
                "127.0.0.1:27019"
        ],
        "setName" : "myrepl",
        "setVersion" : 1,
        "ismaster" : true,
        "secondary" : false,
        "primary" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
        "me" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
       //后面省略

測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)插入也是正常的

myrepl:PRIMARY> use mydb
switched to db mydb
myrepl:PRIMARY> db.testCollection.count()
100
myrepl:PRIMARY> db.testCollection.insert({name:"test",pwd:"test",address:"beijing"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

將最開(kāi)始關(guān)掉進(jìn)程的節(jié)點(diǎn)重啟，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其變?yōu)楦北炯亩?jí)節(jié)點(diǎn)，且數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)同步

增刪節(jié)點(diǎn)

  1. 刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)：進(jìn)入主節(jié)點(diǎn)27019，然后移除27018節(jié)點(diǎn)
myrepl:PRIMARY> use admin
switched to db admin
myrepl:PRIMARY> db.auth("admin","admin")
1
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.remove("127.0.0.1:27018")
{
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1520340394, 1),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1520340394, 1),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"0VUzGmXGZ4EXAUC/HYJbRaPY6qc="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong("6529469760260800513")
                }
        }
}
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
        "hosts" : [
                "127.0.0.1:27017",
                "127.0.0.1:27019"
        ],
        "setName" : "myrepl",
        "setVersion" : 2,
        "ismaster" : true,
        "secondary" : false,
        "primary" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
        "me" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
        //后面省略
  1. 增加節(jié)點(diǎn)：進(jìn)入主節(jié)點(diǎn)27019，然后將剛剛刪除的節(jié)點(diǎn)27018又重新加入到集群中
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.add("127.0.0.1:27018")
{
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1520340538, 1),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1520340538, 1),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"a3TQIbz8yCaDh4Uxh4yUUkF7auk="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong("6529469760260800513")
                }
        }
}
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
        "hosts" : [
                "127.0.0.1:27017",
                "127.0.0.1:27019",
                "127.0.0.1:27018"
        ],
        "setName" : "myrepl",
        "setVersion" : 3,
        "ismaster" : true,
        "secondary" : false,
        "primary" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
        "me" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
        "electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000002"),
        后面省略.......

修改節(jié)點(diǎn)

修改優(yōu)先級(jí)

  1. 獲取節(jié)點(diǎn)配置信息
myrepl:PRIMARY> cfg = rs.config()
{
        "_id" : "myrepl",
        "version" : 3,
        "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27017",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 3,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27018",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 1,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                }
        ],
       //后面省略
  1. 修改節(jié)點(diǎn)信息
myrepl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[0].priority=9
9
myrepl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[1].priority=6
6
myrepl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[2].priority=6
6
  1. 重新配置副本集信息后，發(fā)現(xiàn)每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的priority值改了，并且優(yōu)先級(jí)最高的變?yōu)榱酥鞴?jié)點(diǎn)
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.reconfig(cfg)
{
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1520341204, 2),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1520341204, 2),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"G3PlqiS3AP7NHVVqp9svYSmNrdI="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong("6529469760260800513")
                }
        }
}
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.config()
{
        "_id" : "myrepl",
        "version" : 4,
        "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27017",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 9,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 6,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 3,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27018",
                        "arbiterOnly" : false,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 6,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                }
        ],

隱藏成員

要將節(jié)點(diǎn)變?yōu)殡[藏節(jié)點(diǎn)，節(jié)點(diǎn)的priority值必須為0，否則配置會(huì)失敗

myrepl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[2].priority=0
0
myrepl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[2].hidden=true
true
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.reconfig(cfg)
{
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1520341554, 1),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1520341554, 1),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"ZHXBdgARPnus/DDNl4fVjXVs30I="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong("6529469760260800513")
                }
        }
}
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
        "hosts" : [
                "127.0.0.1:27017",
                "127.0.0.1:27019"
        ],
        "setName" : "myrepl",
        "setVersion" : 5,
        "ismaster" : true,
        "secondary" : false,
        "primary" : "127.0.0.1:27017",
        "me" : "127.0.0.1:27017",

延遲節(jié)點(diǎn)

要將節(jié)點(diǎn)變?yōu)檠舆t節(jié)點(diǎn)，節(jié)點(diǎn)的priority值必須為0，否則配置會(huì)失敗

myrepl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[1].priority=0
0
myrepl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[1].slaveDelay=NumberLong(240)
NumberLong(60000)
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.reconfig(cfg)
{
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1520341773, 1),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1520341773, 1),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"6dkgGNTaykWIa0ojdBSqyZ7j8IM="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong("6529469760260800513")
                }
        }
}

上面是將節(jié)點(diǎn)27019變?yōu)檠舆t節(jié)點(diǎn)，延遲時(shí)間為4分鐘，現(xiàn)在往主節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)mydb的testHello集合插入一條數(shù)據(jù)

myrepl:PRIMARY> use mydb
switched to db mydb
myrepl:PRIMARY> db.testHello.insert({name:"hello",pwd:"world"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

插入之后，在4分鐘之內(nèi)進(jìn)入延遲節(jié)點(diǎn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)并沒(méi)有同步，說(shuō)明配置延遲節(jié)點(diǎn)成功

myrepl:SECONDARY> conn = new Mongo("127.0.0.1:27019")
connection to 127.0.0.1:27019
myrepl:SECONDARY> conn.setSlaveOk()
myrepl:SECONDARY> db = conn.getDB("mydb")
mydb
myrepl:SECONDARY> db.auth("test","test")
1
myrepl:SECONDARY> db.testHello.find()
myrepl:SECONDARY>

4分鐘之后，再進(jìn)入延遲節(jié)點(diǎn)查看，發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)同步了

myrepl:SECONDARY> db.testHello.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a9e93f9bff707d8f99916fe"), "name" : "hello", "pwd" : "world" }

仲裁節(jié)點(diǎn)

現(xiàn)在副本集的組成為1個(gè)主節(jié)點(diǎn)+1個(gè)延遲節(jié)點(diǎn)+1個(gè)隱藏節(jié)點(diǎn)。現(xiàn)在將隱藏節(jié)點(diǎn)刪除，再以添加仲裁節(jié)點(diǎn)的方式將此節(jié)點(diǎn)重新添加回來(lái)

myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.remove("127.0.0.1:27018")
{
        "ok" : 1,
        /............
}
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.addArb("127.0.0.1:27018")
{
        "ok" : 1,
        //..............
        }
}
myrepl:PRIMARY> rs.config()
{
        "_id" : "myrepl",
        "version" : 14,
        "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27017",
                        //......
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27019",
                        //......
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 3,
                        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27018",
                        "arbiterOnly" : true,
                        "buildIndexes" : true,
                        "hidden" : false,
                        "priority" : 0,
                        "tags" : {

                        },
                        "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
                        "votes" : 1
                }
        ],
        //.................
}
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