1 List
print ([1,24,76])
for i in [5,4,3,2,1]:
print (i)
>>> 5 4 3 2 1
fruit = 'Banana'
fruit[0] = 'b'
//String are not mutable
>>> Error!
// But we can manuplate with number
2. Using the Range Function
print (range(4))
>>> [0,1,2,3]
3.Concatenating Lists Using+
a = [1,2,3]
b = [4,5,6]
c = a+b
print (c)
>>> [1,2,3,4,5,6]
4 Building a List from Scratch
a = list()
a.append("book")
a.append(99)
print (a)
>>> ['book',99]
5. Is Something in a List
s = [1,2,3,4]
4 in s
>>> True
6. Split 函數(shù)
line = 'A lot of space'
etc = line.split()
print (etc)
>>> ['A','lot','of','space']
//這個(gè)函數(shù)有助于我們對(duì)于單詞的選取，對(duì)中文有幫助嗎？
line = 'first;second;third'
thing = line.split()
print (thing)
>>> ['first;second;third']
thing = line.split(';')
print (thing)
>>> ['first','second','third']
print(len(thing)）
>>> 3
//一個(gè)例子
fhand = open('mbox.txt')
for line in fhand:
line = line.rstrip() //刪除字符串末尾的指定內(nèi)容，默認(rèn)為空格
if not line.startswith('From '): continue
words = line.split()
print(words[2])
// 一個(gè)截取郵箱后面的方法
line = '1141002@mail.sustc.edu.cn'
words = line.split('@')
print words[1]
>>> mail.sustc.edu.cn
7. Emenurate Methods
def double_odds(nums):
for i, num in enumerate(num):
if num%2==1:
nums[i] = num * 2
x = list(range(10))
double_odds(x)
x
>>> [0, 2, 2, 6, 4, 10, 6, 14, 8, 18]
8. List comprehension
squares = [n**2 for n in range(10) ]
>>> [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
## Another way to make it more concise!
def count_negatives(nums):
"""Return the number of negative numbers in the given list.
>>> count_negatives([5, -1, -2, 0, 3])
2
"""
n_negative = 0
for num in nums:
if num < 0:
n_negative = n_negative + 1
return n_negative
def count_negatives(nums):
return len([num for num in nums if num < 0])
9.Short_Planets 條件選取，類似于SQL？
short_planets = [planet for planet in planets if len(planet) < 6]
short_planets
>>>['Venus', 'Earth', 'Mars']
