我們在學(xué)習(xí)任何一門語言的時(shí)候,都不難發(fā)現(xiàn),動(dòng)詞往往是最重要的語法點(diǎn),同時(shí)也恰好是最難的語法點(diǎn)。我們說動(dòng)詞是一句話的靈魂,會(huì)決定一句話的含義走向。這是因?yàn)閺恼Z法角度講,動(dòng)詞會(huì)影響一句話的句型構(gòu)成。很多同學(xué)產(chǎn)生疑問,
動(dòng)詞是如何影響一個(gè)句子呢?
句子結(jié)構(gòu)必須要死記硬背么?

我們來看drive這個(gè)詞的例子:
drive
1,V-T/V-I?When you?drive?somewhere, you operate a car or other vehicle and control its movement and direction. 駕駛
drive在取這個(gè)含義時(shí),我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),它同時(shí)具有vt、vi的性質(zhì),我們可以按照實(shí)際情況,決定是否要添加動(dòng)詞后方承接的對象。但是添加與否,都不能改變drive這個(gè)詞此時(shí)擁有實(shí)際的動(dòng)作含義,我們基本上在遇到這樣的句子時(shí),要在翻譯中體現(xiàn)誰發(fā)出一個(gè)動(dòng)作的含義。
如:
I drove into town and went to a restaurant for dinner.
She never learned to drive.
We drove the car down to Richmond for the weekend.
2.V-TIf somethingdrivesa machine, it supplies the power that makes it work. 驅(qū)動(dòng)
drive的第二個(gè)常見含義同樣是及物動(dòng)詞的意思,且僅是及物動(dòng)詞,因此在處理這樣的句子時(shí),從寫的角度出發(fā),后方必須承接賓語,從理解的角度上來講見到后方出現(xiàn)名詞,你的含義選擇就包含至少兩個(gè)范圍,駕駛or驅(qū)動(dòng)
如:
The current flows into electric motors that drive the wheels.
3.V-TTodrivesomeoneintoa particular state or situation means to force them into that state or situation. 強(qiáng)迫; 迫使。
drive的第三那個(gè)含義,包含“使”的意思,這使得其本身含義駕駛的體現(xiàn)非常弱化,而包含有“使...”含義的詞,在句子構(gòu)成上有相似的表現(xiàn),共同特稱是構(gòu)成賓補(bǔ)句型。我們?nèi)∫粋€(gè)典型詞就是make,注意make的用法中,比較固定且常見的是make sth to do sth/adj/介詞結(jié)構(gòu),那drive在取這個(gè)含義時(shí),句型也會(huì)體現(xiàn)出賓補(bǔ)的特征,且補(bǔ)語成分重要不可缺少。
如:
More than once, depression drove him to attempt suicide.
The recession and hospital bills drove them into bankruptcy.
The noises drive him crazy day and night .
英語當(dāng)中往往一個(gè)動(dòng)詞也存在不同的含義分類、性質(zhì)分類,只有掌握了準(zhǔn)確的用法才能在使用與閱讀中揮灑自如。
