05.Nacos 服務(wù)注冊(cè)與發(fā)現(xiàn)

Nacos 服務(wù)注冊(cè)與發(fā)現(xiàn)

概述

服務(wù)注冊(cè)中心： 存儲(chǔ)服務(wù)實(shí)例和服務(wù)負(fù)載均衡策略的數(shù)據(jù)庫

本節(jié)通過實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)簡單的 echo service 演示如何在您的 Spring Cloud 項(xiàng)目中啟用 Nacos 的服務(wù)發(fā)現(xiàn)功能，如下圖示:

1542119181336-b6dc0fc1-ed46-43a7-9e5f-68c9ca344d60.png

服務(wù)提供者

服務(wù)提供方： 是指提供可復(fù)用和可調(diào)用服務(wù)的應(yīng)用方

POM

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名為 hello-spring-cloud-alibaba-provider 的服務(wù)提供者項(xiàng)目，pom.xml 配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.funtl</groupId>
        <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-alibaba-provider</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <url>http://www.funtl.com</url>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <licenses>
        <license>
            <name>Apache 2.0</name>
            <url>https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
        </license>
    </licenses>

    <developers>
        <developer>
            <id>liwemin</id>
            <name>Lusifer Lee</name>
            <email>lee.lusifer@gmail.com</email>
        </developer>
    </developers>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.funtl.spring.cloud.alibaba.provider.ProviderApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

application.yml

在 application.yml 中配置 Nacos Server 的地址

spring:
  application:
    # 服務(wù)名
    name: service-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        # 服務(wù)注冊(cè)中心
        server-addr: 192.168.141.132:8848

server:
  # 服務(wù)端口
  port: 8070

management:
  # 端點(diǎn)檢查（健康檢查）
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

Application

通過 Spring Cloud 原生注解 @EnableDiscoveryClient 開啟服務(wù)注冊(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)功能

package com.funtl.spring.cloud.alibaba.provider;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ProviderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Controller

編寫一個(gè) RestController 提供 RESTFul API 用于測(cè)試提供者

package com.funtl.spring.cloud.alibaba.provider.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class EchoController {

    @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string) {
        return "Hello Nacos Provider " + string;
    }
}

驗(yàn)證是否成功

通過瀏覽器訪問 http://192.168.141.132:8848/nacos Nacos Server 網(wǎng)址

[圖片上傳失敗...(image-6bd440-1561982074518)]

你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)服務(wù)已經(jīng)注冊(cè)在服務(wù)中了，服務(wù)名為 service-provider，通過瀏覽器訪問 http://localhost:8070/echo/hi

Hello Nacos Provider hi

服務(wù)端點(diǎn)檢查

健康檢查： 以指定方式檢查服務(wù)下掛載的實(shí)例 (Instance) 的健康度，從而確認(rèn)該實(shí)例 (Instance) 是否能提供服務(wù)。根據(jù)檢查結(jié)果，實(shí)例 (Instance) 會(huì)被判斷為健康或不健康。對(duì)服務(wù)發(fā)起解析請(qǐng)求時(shí)，不健康的實(shí)例 (Instance) 不會(huì)返回給客戶端。

通過瀏覽器訪問 http://localhost:8070/actuator/nacos-discovery

{
    "subscribe": [
        {
            "jsonFromServer": "",
            "name": "service-provider",
            "groupName": "DEFAULT_GROUP",
            "clusters": null,
            "cacheMillis": 1000,
            "hosts": [],
            "lastRefTime": 0,
            "checksum": "",
            "allIPs": false,
            "key": "service-provider",
            "valid": true,
            "keyEncoded": "service-provider"
        },
        {
            "jsonFromServer": "",
            "name": "service-consumer",
            "groupName": "DEFAULT_GROUP",
            "clusters": null,
            "cacheMillis": 1000,
            "hosts": [],
            "lastRefTime": 0,
            "checksum": "",
            "allIPs": false,
            "key": "service-consumer",
            "valid": true,
            "keyEncoded": "service-consumer"
        }
    ],
    "NacosDiscoveryProperties": {
        "serverAddr": "192.168.141.132:8848",
        "endpoint": "",
        "namespace": "",
        "watchDelay": 30000,
        "logName": "",
        "service": "service-provider",
        "weight": 1,
        "clusterName": "DEFAULT",
        "namingLoadCacheAtStart": "false",
        "metadata": {
            "preserved.register.source": "SPRING_CLOUD"
        },
        "registerEnabled": true,
        "ip": "192.168.141.1",
        "networkInterface": "",
        "port": 8070,
        "secure": false,
        "accessKey": "",
        "secretKey": ""
    }
}

服務(wù)消費(fèi)者

服務(wù)消費(fèi)方： 是指會(huì)發(fā)起對(duì)某個(gè)服務(wù)調(diào)用的應(yīng)用方

服務(wù)消費(fèi)者的創(chuàng)建與服務(wù)提供者大同小異，這里采用最原始的一種方式，即顯示的使用 LoadBalanceClient 和 RestTemplate 結(jié)合的方式來訪問

POM

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名為 hello-spring-cloud-alibaba-consumer 的服務(wù)消費(fèi)者項(xiàng)目，pom.xml 配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.funtl</groupId>
        <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-alibaba-consumer</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <url>http://www.funtl.com</url>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <licenses>
        <license>
            <name>Apache 2.0</name>
            <url>https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
        </license>
    </licenses>

    <developers>
        <developer>
            <id>liwemin</id>
            <name>Lusifer Lee</name>
            <email>lee.lusifer@gmail.com</email>
        </developer>
    </developers>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.funtl.spring.cloud.alibaba.consumer.ConsumerApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

application.yml

在 application.yml 中配置 Nacos Server 的地址

spring:
  application:
    # 服務(wù)名
    name: service-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        # 服務(wù)注冊(cè)中心
        server-addr: 192.168.141.132:8848

server:
  # 服務(wù)端口
  port: 8080

management:
  # 端點(diǎn)檢查（健康檢查）
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

Application

通過 Spring Cloud 原生注解 @EnableDiscoveryClient 開啟服務(wù)注冊(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)功能

package com.funtl.spring.cloud.alibaba.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Configuration

創(chuàng)建一個(gè) Java 配置類，主要作用是為了注入 RestTemplate

package com.funtl.spring.cloud.alibaba.consumer.configure;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConsumerConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Controller

package com.funtl.spring.cloud.alibaba.consumer.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class TestController {

    private final RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    public TestController(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{str}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String str) {
        // 使用服務(wù)名請(qǐng)求服務(wù)提供者
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://service-provider/echo/" + str, String.class);
    }
}

驗(yàn)證是否成功

通過瀏覽器訪問 http://192.168.141.132:8848/nacos Nacos Server 網(wǎng)址

Lusifer_20190630161151.png

你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)服務(wù)已經(jīng)注冊(cè)在服務(wù)中了，服務(wù)名為 service-consumer，通過瀏覽器訪問 http://localhost:8080/echo/hi

Hello Nacos Provider hi

服務(wù)端點(diǎn)檢查

通過瀏覽器訪問 http://localhost:8080/actuator/nacos-discovery

{
    "subscribe": [
        {
            "jsonFromServer": "",
            "name": "service-provider",
            "groupName": "DEFAULT_GROUP",
            "clusters": null,
            "cacheMillis": 1000,
            "hosts": [],
            "lastRefTime": 0,
            "checksum": "",
            "allIPs": false,
            "key": "service-provider",
            "valid": true,
            "keyEncoded": "service-provider"
        },
        {
            "jsonFromServer": "",
            "name": "service-consumer",
            "groupName": "DEFAULT_GROUP",
            "clusters": null,
            "cacheMillis": 1000,
            "hosts": [],
            "lastRefTime": 0,
            "checksum": "",
            "allIPs": false,
            "key": "service-consumer",
            "valid": true,
            "keyEncoded": "service-consumer"
        }
    ],
    "NacosDiscoveryProperties": {
        "serverAddr": "192.168.141.132:8848",
        "endpoint": "",
        "namespace": "",
        "watchDelay": 30000,
        "logName": "",
        "service": "service-consumer",
        "weight": 1,
        "clusterName": "DEFAULT",
        "namingLoadCacheAtStart": "false",
        "metadata": {
            "preserved.register.source": "SPRING_CLOUD"
        },
        "registerEnabled": true,
        "ip": "192.168.141.1",
        "networkInterface": "",
        "port": 8080,
        "secure": false,
        "accessKey": "",
        "secretKey": ""
    }
}
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