咱們?cè)贖andyJSON淺析(一)中講了HandyJSON是怎么從類信息中獲取這個(gè)類中的屬性個(gè)數(shù)、以及屬性信息,比如屬性在實(shí)例中的偏移量,類型信息等,有了這些信息之后,剩下的就是如何將服務(wù)端返回的信息,寫到這個(gè)實(shí)例中去
- 獲取到的屬性信息最后都存放在properties里(此段代碼可以在HandyJSON源碼里搜到)
guard let properties = getProperties(forType: Self.self) else {
InternalLogger.logDebug("Failed when try to get properties from type: \(type(of: Self.self))")
return
}
-
properties存儲(chǔ)的信息就是所有屬性的信息,如下:包含屬性名稱、屬性類型、屬性的偏移量(key就是屬性的name)
image.png 從服務(wù)端返回的json中解析出每個(gè)屬性對(duì)應(yīng)的值
- 先從json中拿到屬性對(duì)應(yīng)的值
if let rawValue = getRawValueFrom(dict: _dict, property: propertyDetail, mapper: mapper)
- 咱們?cè)倏匆幌逻@個(gè)函數(shù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)(如下),實(shí)際上大部分場景只會(huì)走最后一行,函數(shù)前面是進(jìn)行一些特殊處理的邏輯,比如服務(wù)端返回的是“id”但是我本地寫的是“carId”,咱們先講解一些正常流程的,特殊處理的后面會(huì)再單獨(dú)說
fileprivate func getRawValueFrom(dict: [String: Any], property: PropertyInfo, mapper: HelpingMapper) -> Any? {
let address = Int(bitPattern: property.address)
if let mappingHandler = mapper.getMappingHandler(key: address) {
if let mappingPaths = mappingHandler.mappingPaths, mappingPaths.count > 0 {
for mappingPath in mappingPaths {
if let _value = dict.findValueBy(path: mappingPath) {
return _value
}
}
return nil
}
}
if HandyJSONConfiguration.deserializeOptions.contains(.caseInsensitive) {
return dict[property.key.lowercased()]
}
//大部分場景只會(huì)走這一行,很簡單就是根據(jù)key從json里取出對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)
return dict[property.key]
}
- 對(duì)取出的數(shù)據(jù)后,再看看符不符合要求,比如類型是否對(duì)應(yīng)的上,如果對(duì)應(yīng)不上,再進(jìn)行簡單的類型轉(zhuǎn)換處理
if let convertedValue = convertValue(rawValue: rawValue, property: propertyDetail, mapper: mapper)
函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)如下
fileprivate func convertValue(rawValue: Any, property: PropertyInfo, mapper: HelpingMapper) -> Any? {
//不對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行特殊處理的話,這是不會(huì)執(zhí)行的
if rawValue is NSNull { return nil }
if let mappingHandler = mapper.getMappingHandler(key: Int(bitPattern: property.address)), let transformer = mappingHandler.assignmentClosure {
return transformer(rawValue)
}
//大部分情況會(huì)走這
if let transformableType = property.type as? _Transformable.Type {//如果已經(jīng)兼容這種屬性類型的處理。還需要注意一點(diǎn)的就是,如果寫成可選型,會(huì)多一層轉(zhuǎn)換,先將可選類型解包成對(duì)應(yīng)類型,再進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換,所以如果可以的話,盡量少的用可選類型
return transformableType.transform(from: rawValue)//如果需要的話,會(huì)進(jìn)行簡單的類型處理,比如我定義的是bool,結(jié)果服務(wù)端返回了個(gè)字符串"0",那就會(huì)自動(dòng)處理為false在第一篇文章里講了。
} else {//如果這個(gè)庫沒兼容的類型,則直接獲取
return extensions(of: property.type).takeValue(from: rawValue)
}
}
//舉個(gè)例子:自己定義的類型和服務(wù)端返回的不一致時(shí)的處理,還有別的類型處理,可以去庫里看
extension Bool: _BuiltInBasicType {
static func _transform(from object: Any) -> Bool? {
switch object {
case let str as NSString:
let lowerCase = str.lowercased
if ["0", "false"].contains(lowerCase) {
return false
}
if ["1", "true"].contains(lowerCase) {
return true
}
return nil
case let num as NSNumber:
return num.boolValue
default:
return nil
}
}
func _plainValue() -> Any? {
return self
}
}
- 想要的數(shù)據(jù)拿到以后,就開始賦值了,函數(shù)如下
assignProperty(convertedValue: convertedValue, instance: instance, property: propertyDetail)
函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)如下
fileprivate func assignProperty(convertedValue: Any, instance: _ExtendCustomModelType, property: PropertyInfo) {
if property.bridged {
//如果是繼承自NsObject的類型,也就是OC類型,那可以直接用KVC進(jìn)行賦值
(instance as! NSObject).setValue(convertedValue, forKey: property.key)
} else {
//如果是Swift類型,那就往實(shí)例中對(duì)應(yīng)屬性的位置里寫上服務(wù)端返回的值
extensions(of: property.type).write(convertedValue, to: property.address)
}
}
//extensions(of: property.type).write這個(gè)方法點(diǎn)進(jìn)去就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),實(shí)際上最重要的是這個(gè)方法
public static func write(_ value: Any, to storage: UnsafeMutableRawPointer) {
guard let this = value as? Self else {
return
}
storage.assumingMemoryBound(to: self).pointee = this
}
- 特殊情況的處理
一些特殊需求的處理,官方也給出了一些Demo。
地址是https://github.com/alibaba/HandyJSON/blob/master/README_cn.md,咱們挑幾個(gè)說一下
- 指定解析路徑
HandyJSON支持指定從哪個(gè)具體路徑開始解析,反序列化到Model。
class Cat: HandyJSON {
var id: Int64!
var name: String!
required init() {}
}
let jsonString = "{\"code\":200,\"msg\":\"success\",\"data\":{\"cat\":{\"id\":12345,\"name\":\"Kitty\"}}}"
if let cat = Cat.deserialize(from: jsonString, designatedPath: "data.cat") {
print(cat.name)
}
實(shí)現(xiàn)原理
public static func deserializeFrom(dict: [String: Any]?, designatedPath: String? = nil) -> T? {
var targetDict = dict
if let path = designatedPath {//如果指定了解析節(jié)點(diǎn),則獲取指定節(jié)點(diǎn)后的數(shù)據(jù)
targetDict = getInnerObject(inside: targetDict, by: path) as? [String: Any]
}
if let _dict = targetDict {//如果沒指定解析路徑,則直接解析返回的所有數(shù)據(jù)
return T._transform(dict: _dict) as? T
}
return nil
}
//獲取某個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)后的數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)如下,也就是從總的json里,根據(jù)指定的節(jié)點(diǎn),一層一層的往下獲取
fileprivate func getInnerObject(inside object: Any?, by designatedPath: String?) -> Any? {
var result: Any? = object
var abort = false
if let paths = designatedPath?.components(separatedBy: "."), paths.count > 0 {
var next = object as? [String: Any]
paths.forEach({ (seg) in
if seg.trimmingCharacters(in: CharacterSet.whitespacesAndNewlines) == "" || abort {
return
}
if let _next = next?[seg] {
result = _next
next = _next as? [String: Any]
} else {
abort = true
}
})
}
return abort ? nil : result
}
- 自定義解析規(guī)則,這是官方Demo里的例子
class Cat: HandyJSON {
var id: Int64!
var name: String!
var parent: (String, String)?
required init() {}
func mapping(mapper: HelpingMapper) {
// specify 'cat_id' field in json map to 'id' property in object
mapper <<<
self.id <-- "cat_id"
// specify 'parent' field in json parse as following to 'parent' property in object
mapper <<<
self.parent <-- TransformOf<(String, String), String>(fromJSON: { (rawString) -> (String, String)? in
if let parentNames = rawString?.characters.split(separator: "/").map(String.init) {
return (parentNames[0], parentNames[1])
}
return nil
}, toJSON: { (tuple) -> String? in
if let _tuple = tuple {
return "\(_tuple.0)/\(_tuple.1)"
}
return nil
})
// specify 'friend.name' path field in json map to 'friendName' property
mapper <<<
self.friendName <-- "friend.name"
}
}
let jsonString = "{\"cat_id\":12345,\"name\":\"Kitty\",\"parent\":\"Tom/Lily\",\"friend\":{\"id\":54321,\"name\":\"Lily\"}}"
if let cat = Cat.deserialize(from: jsonString) {
print(cat.id)
print(cat.parent)
print(cat.friendName)
}
咱們說一下比較常見的,本地變量的名稱和服務(wù)端返回名稱不一致轉(zhuǎn)換的實(shí)現(xiàn),在以前編寫OC時(shí)經(jīng)常遇到,咱們變量名不能寫成id,但是服務(wù)端返回的是id,就需要轉(zhuǎn)換了(但是官方給的demo里,是本地名稱是id,服務(wù)端返回的是cat_id,別混了)
<<< 和 <--是自定義的運(yùn)算符,<--的優(yōu)先級(jí)更高
mapper <<< self.id <-- "cat_id"
先說一下<--
infix operator <-- : LogicalConjunctionPrecedence
public func <-- <T>(property: inout T, name: String) -> CustomMappingKeyValueTuple {
return property <-- [name]
}
//運(yùn)算符<--會(huì)返回一個(gè)元組,簡單點(diǎn)理解就是,元組里第一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)是屬性id的地址,元組第二個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)是服務(wù)端返回對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)的真實(shí)key,以demo中例子說就類似(0x39393994949, cat_id)
public func <-- <T>(property: inout T, names: [String]) -> CustomMappingKeyValueTuple {
let pointer = withUnsafePointer(to: &property, { return $0 })
let key = Int(bitPattern: pointer)
return (key, MappingPropertyHandler(rawPaths: names, assignmentClosure: nil, takeValueClosure: nil))
}
再說一下 <<<
infix operator <<< : AssignmentPrecedence
//<<<執(zhí)行這個(gè)最終就是將上面說的元組的內(nèi)容添加到了self.mappingHandlers,實(shí)際執(zhí)行的是self.mappingHandlers[key] = mappingInfo(key是元組的第一個(gè)元素,mappingInfo是元組的第二個(gè)元素)
public func <<< (mapper: HelpingMapper, mapping: CustomMappingKeyValueTuple) {
mapper.addCustomMapping(key: mapping.0, mappingInfo: mapping.1)
}
最后說一下是怎么替換的,咱們?cè)谧铋_始的時(shí)候說過下面這個(gè)函數(shù),就是獲取對(duì)應(yīng)字段的數(shù)據(jù),說的是正常情況下,只會(huì)走最后一行,也就是直接根據(jù)屬性的name找到value,但是需要name轉(zhuǎn)換的時(shí)候,就會(huì)走前面的代碼了,會(huì)根據(jù)服務(wù)端返回的name,找到對(duì)應(yīng)的value(因?yàn)閷傩缘膎ame和服務(wù)端返回的不一致)
fileprivate func getRawValueFrom(dict: [String: Any], property: PropertyInfo, mapper: HelpingMapper) -> Any? {
let address = Int(bitPattern: property.address)
//因?yàn)樵蹅冎皥?zhí)行了self.mappingHandlers[key] = mappingInfo,所以執(zhí)行到這就會(huì)有值了,說白了就是,服務(wù)端返回這個(gè)字段的實(shí)際key是啥,然后根據(jù)findValueBy這個(gè)方法,用服務(wù)端返回的實(shí)際屬性名為key,找到對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
if let mappingHandler = mapper.getMappingHandler(key: address) {
if let mappingPaths = mappingHandler.mappingPaths, mappingPaths.count > 0 {
for mappingPath in mappingPaths {
if let _value = dict.findValueBy(path: mappingPath) {
return _value
}
}
return nil
}
}
if HandyJSONConfiguration.deserializeOptions.contains(.caseInsensitive) {
return dict[property.key.lowercased()]
}
return dict[property.key]
}
