說(shuō)到英語(yǔ)，寫(xiě)作可以說(shuō)是英語(yǔ)四大技能聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)中最難的一個(gè)了。閱讀和聽(tīng)力算是輸入，口語(yǔ)和寫(xiě)作就算是輸出了。想要輸出的好就要大量的輸入積累。不過(guò)積累也是寫(xiě)作中最基本的。
提高英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的方法如下：
分三個(gè)步驟，
第一步：以譯促寫(xiě)。找一篇英文范文，把它翻譯成漢語(yǔ)，然后對(duì)照漢語(yǔ)，自己把它翻譯成英語(yǔ)。最后，將自己翻譯的英語(yǔ)與最初的范文進(jìn)行對(duì)比，尋找差距。在這個(gè)比較和批注的過(guò)程中不斷完善提高英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作。并且學(xué)習(xí)范文中地道的表達(dá)。
第二步：將自己的翻譯與范文靜心地思考并找出譯文和范文的差異。學(xué)習(xí)范文文本的起承轉(zhuǎn)合的技巧，學(xué)習(xí)范文文本長(zhǎng)句短句的錯(cuò)落交叉，學(xué)習(xí)范文文本的精確用詞。
第三步：背誦范文。不可以直接背，一定要在做了上面第一二步后再背誦。
以上三個(gè)步驟是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的基本方法。在學(xué)習(xí)完一篇文章后還要精細(xì)的做文章分析工作。這樣才能有效的提高寫(xiě)作能力。
分析工作的內(nèi)容有：在一篇滿分作文里面要分析出文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言。
一、結(jié)構(gòu)。以議論文為例，議論文里需要包含論點(diǎn)、理由、論據(jù)、結(jié)論和論證五個(gè)要素。具體來(lái)說(shuō)，＂論點(diǎn)＂是文章的核心，＂理由＂是論點(diǎn)成立的依據(jù)，兩者構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系;＂論據(jù)＂是對(duì)理由的具體解釋?zhuān)酁槭吕?＂結(jié)論＂是對(duì)觀點(diǎn)的重申，兩者一脈相承，頭圍呼應(yīng);而整個(gè)寫(xiě)作過(guò)程就是一個(gè)＂論證＂的過(guò)程。要想寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)議論文就要面面俱到五個(gè)要素，然后才能寫(xiě)出嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、條理清晰的高分作文。
二、內(nèi)容。很簡(jiǎn)單，就是寫(xiě)作需要細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)來(lái)支撐文章的段落。不要寫(xiě)的太淺顯和大空。
三、語(yǔ)言。就是需要保證語(yǔ)法正確，用詞恰當(dāng)。然后學(xué)習(xí)范文的精準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)言表達(dá)。這樣慢慢積累學(xué)習(xí)詞匯和句型，英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作才會(huì)真正的提高。
語(yǔ)言的優(yōu)化需要不斷的積累和練習(xí)，多記多練，不斷擴(kuò)充自己的語(yǔ)料庫(kù)，唯有如此，文章才會(huì)寫(xiě)的越來(lái)越漂亮。寫(xiě)作能力的提高不能偷懶，如果有偷懶的想法，寫(xiě)作一定寫(xiě)不好。
最后寫(xiě)作的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，一定要讓自己養(yǎng)成善于歸納和勤于思考的習(xí)慣。這樣在學(xué)習(xí)寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候腦子才會(huì)有真正的輸入，然后變成自己的東西。
還有一點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程一定要積累表達(dá)精準(zhǔn)的詞匯，然后慢慢提高自己寫(xiě)作的用詞準(zhǔn)確性。這樣寫(xiě)作的文章才會(huì)變得高級(jí)起來(lái)。這樣的話，自己的英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作能力也會(huì)慢慢的提高的。
附一篇英語(yǔ)范文分析作參考
A or DA: Governments should focus its budgets more on environmental protection than on economic development.
題型：呼吁題
論點(diǎn)：一邊倒(同意)
論證角度：利弊分析
開(kāi)頭：同意政府應(yīng)該把財(cái)政預(yù)算更多地放在環(huán)保上。(話題引入+雙方觀點(diǎn)呈現(xiàn)+我方觀點(diǎn)及過(guò)渡句)
The past several decades have witnessed that the world’s economy is booming. Modern skyscrapers, convenient communications, fast transportations make it easier and cozier for people to live in this planet. However, people are beginning to realize that the great achievements today seem to be at the price of destroying the nature. They claim that governments should focus its budgets more on environment than on economic development. As for me, I am a big fan of environmental protection and I am wholeheartedly in agreement with this claim. Here are some reasons and examples to support my view.
中間段1：環(huán)境保護(hù)關(guān)系到每一個(gè)人的健康問(wèn)題。(主題句+解釋+細(xì)節(jié)化展開(kāi))
First, the environmental protection is closely bound up with the health of every single person in this world. If the environment is polluted, the basic elements people need to survive must be affected, and thus disastrous results may occur. Recently I have read an appalling fact from newspapers that there is a village in the center of China where the majority of its residents, including kids and seniors, suffer from cancer such as lung cancer, stomach cancer and lymph cancer. The investigator found that the villagers’ drinking water is from a river that is severely contaminated by the industrial discharges of enterprises located at the upstream.
中間段2：經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展需要以環(huán)境保護(hù)為前提，我們不能竭澤而漁。(主題句+解釋+細(xì)節(jié)和展開(kāi))
In addition, the environmental protection is conducive to the sustainability of economic development. There are some idioms in China, “killing the hens for the egg”, “draining the pond for the fish”, and “burning the woods for the prey”. These ancient wisdoms warn modern people not to gain profits at present without thinking of the future. In other words, we cannot simply satisfy the need of contemporary people regardless of the interest of our next generation. Imagine that if we were in excessive pursuit of economic development by consuming all the natural resources, hunting for precious animals mercilessly and cut down forests, what will become of our descendants?
中間段3：環(huán)境保護(hù)可以在一定程度上刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，比如可以發(fā)展旅游業(yè)。(主題句+解釋+細(xì)節(jié)展開(kāi))
Last but not least, the environmental protection can boost the development of economy at the same time. For instance, a country that emphasizes on its environment must be a country famous for its sightseeing industry. I have been to Singapore in which I am not only amazed by its prosperous economy but also by its garden-like environment. The lawns, the trees, the rivers are beautifully designed to fit into the city. This case well illustrates that the economic development and environmental protection sometimes construct no conflicts between each other.
結(jié)尾：重申觀點(diǎn)+歸納理由/升化主題。
To put it into nutshell, governments should put its budgets on environmental protection than on economic development. In the process of achieving more prosperous economy, people should sometimes stop to think about whether the world we live could provide fresh air, clean water and healthy food, for these are fundamentally vital to the fate of human beings.
