(轉(zhuǎn))RecyclerView常用功能

RecyclerView是support:recyclerview-v7中提供的控件，最低兼容到android 3.0版本。

官方介紹RecyclerView為在有限的窗口展現(xiàn)大量數(shù)據(jù)的控件。擁有類似功能的控件有ListView、GridView以及被Google遺棄的Gallery等，為毛已經(jīng)有了它們，Google還推出RecyclerView呢，那就要說說RecyclerView所具有的一些優(yōu)勢了。

那RecyclerView到底有啥優(yōu)勢呢？總結起來六顆字：低耦合高類聚。RecyclerView已經(jīng)標準化ViewHolder，我們自定義的ViewHoler需要繼承?RecyclerView.ViewHolder，然后在構造方法中初始化控件，后面會有具體介紹。通過設置不同的LayoutManager，以及結合ItemDecoration , ItemAnimator，ItemTouchHelper，可以實現(xiàn)非常炫酷的效果，這些是ListView等控件難以企及的。

基本使用：

1.使用前需要在在gradle中添加依賴

`implementation?'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.0.2'? `

2.編寫代碼，首先我們需要在Xml中寫RecyclerView的布局，

```

android:id="@+id/recyclerView"??

android:layout_width="match_parent"??

android:layout_height="match_parent"/>????

```

然后在activity中獲取RecyclerView，并設置LayoutManager以及adapter

//通過findViewById拿到RecyclerView實例??

`mRecyclerView?=???findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);? `

//設置RecyclerView管理器??

mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new?LinearLayoutManager(this,?LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,?false));??

//初始化適配器??

mAdapter?=new?MyRecyclerViewAdapter(list);???

//設置添加或刪除item時的動畫，這里使用默認動畫??

mRecyclerView.setItemAnimator(new?DefaultItemAnimator());??

//設置適配器??

mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);??

下面是MyRecyclerViewAdapter的代碼：

[java]?view plain?copy

package?com.sharejoys.recyclerviewdemo.actvity;??


import?android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;??

import?android.view.LayoutInflater;??

import?android.view.View;??

import?android.view.ViewGroup;??

import?android.widget.TextView;??


import?com.sharejoys.recyclerviewdemo.R;??


import?java.util.List;??


/**

?*?Created?by?青青-子衿?on?2018/1/15.

?*/??



public?class?MyRecyclerViewAdapterextends?RecyclerView.Adapter?{??

private?List?list;??


public?MyAdapter(List?list)?{??

this.list?=?list;??

????}??


@Override??

public?MyAdapter.ViewHolder?onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup?parent,?int?viewType)?{??

View?view?=?LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_base_use,?parent,false);??

MyAdapter.ViewHolder?viewHolder?=new?MyAdapter.ViewHolder(view);??

return?viewHolder;??

????}??


@Override??

public?void?onBindViewHolder(MyAdapter.ViewHolder?holder,?int?position)?{??

????????holder.mText.setText(list.get(position));??

????}??


@Override??

public?int?getItemCount()?{??

return?list.size();??

????}??


class?ViewHolder?extends?RecyclerView.ViewHolder?{??

????????TextView?mText;??

????????ViewHolder(View?itemView)?{??

super(itemView);??

????????????mText?=?itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_tx);??

????????}??

????}??

}??

這里item_normal的布局也非常簡單

[html]?view plain?copy


xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"??

android:layout_width="match_content"??

android:layout_height="wrap_content"??

android:orientation="vertical">??


android:id="@+id/item_tx"??

android:layout_width="match_content"??

android:layout_height="wrap_content"??

android:gravity="center"??

android:padding="10dp"??

android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"??

android:text="Item"/>??



然后我們運行效果如下

從例子也可以看出來，RecyclerView的用法并不比ListView復雜，反而更靈活好用，它將數(shù)據(jù)、排列方式、數(shù)據(jù)的展示方式都分割開來，因此可定制型，自定義的形式也非常多，非常靈活。

設置橫向布局：

[java]?view plain?copy

mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new?LinearLayoutManager(this,?LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL,?false));??

設置網(wǎng)格布局：

[java]?view plain?copy

mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new?GridLayoutManager(this,?3));??

設置瀑布流：

[java]?view plain?copy

mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new?StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL));??

如果第二個參數(shù)可以設置為橫向的，則效果如下：

從以上可知，我們可以通過設置不同的管理器，實現(xiàn)不同的效果

LinearLayoutManager：以線性布局展示，可以設置橫向和縱向

GridLayoutManager：以網(wǎng)格形式展示，類似GridView效果

StaggeredGridLayoutManager：以瀑布流形式的效果

RecyclerView條目之間默認沒有分割線，那是否可以像ListView一樣設置divider以及dividerHight搞一條分割線出來呢，答案是不可以的，google并沒有提供這樣的屬性。但是谷歌為我們提供了可以定制的解決辦法，那就是以下要說ItemDecoration

利用ItemDecoration實現(xiàn)條目分割線

ItemDecoration是谷歌定義的可用于畫分割線的類， 是抽象的，需要我們自己去實現(xiàn)

[java]?view plain?copy

/**

???*?An?ItemDecoration?allows?the?application?to?add?a?special?drawing?and?layout?offset

???*?to?specific?item?views?from?the?adapter's?data?set.?This?can?be?useful?for?drawing?dividers

???*?between?items,?highlights,?visual?grouping?boundaries?and?more.

???*

???*?

All?ItemDecorations?are?drawn?in?the?order?they?were?added,?before?the?item

???*?views?(in?{@link?ItemDecoration#onDraw(Canvas,?RecyclerView,?RecyclerView.State)?onDraw()}

???*?and?after?the?items?(in?{@link?ItemDecoration#onDrawOver(Canvas,?RecyclerView,

???*?RecyclerView.State)}.

???*/??

public?abstract?static?class?ItemDecoration?{??

public?void?onDraw(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent,?State?state)?{??

??????????onDraw(c,?parent);??

??????}??

@Deprecated??

public?void?onDraw(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

??????}??


public?void?onDrawOver(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent,?State?state)?{??

??????????onDrawOver(c,?parent);??

??????}??


@Deprecated??

public?void?onDrawOver(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

??????}??



@Deprecated??

public?void?getItemOffsets(Rect?outRect,?int?itemPosition,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

outRect.set(0,?0,?0,?0);??

??????}??


public?void?getItemOffsets(Rect?outRect,?View?view,?RecyclerView?parent,?State?state)?{??

??????????getItemOffsets(outRect,?((LayoutParams)?view.getLayoutParams()).getViewLayoutPosition(),??

??????????????????parent);??

??????}??

??}??

當我們通過

[java]?view plain?copy

mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration();??

??? onDraw: 該方法可以在RecyclerView的畫布上畫任何裝飾，且是在?the item views 被繪制之前回調(diào)

??? onDrawOver:該方法可以在RecyclerView的畫布上畫任何裝飾，且是在?the item views 被繪制之后回調(diào)

??? getItemOffsets :可以在該方法中為the item views添加偏移量

下面我們可以就通過繼承ItemDecoration為RecyclerView添加分割線。

DividerItemDecoration的代碼如下：?

[java]?view plain?copy

package?com.sharejoys.mvpdemo.ui.customview;??


import?android.content.Context;??

import?android.content.res.TypedArray;??

import?android.graphics.Canvas;??

import?android.graphics.Rect;??

import?android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;??

import?android.support.annotation.IntDef;??

import?android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat;??

import?android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;??

import?android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;??

import?android.view.View;??


/**

?*?Date:?2018/1/14

?*

?*?@author?青青-子衿

?*?@since?1.0

?*/??


public?class?DividerItemDecoration?extends?RecyclerView.ItemDecoration?{??

@OrientationType??

private?int?mOrientation?=?LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL;??

private?Drawable?mDivider;??


private?int[]?attrs?=?new?int[]{??

????????????android.R.attr.listDivider??

????};??


public?DividerItemDecoration(Context?context,?@OrientationType?int?orientation)?{??

????????TypedArray?typedArray?=?context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs);??

mDivider?=?typedArray.getDrawable(0);??

????????typedArray.recycle();??

????????setOrientation(orientation);??

????}??


private?void?setOrientation(@OrientationType?int?orientation)?{??

if?(orientation?!=?LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL?&&?orientation?!=?LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL)?{??

throw?new?IllegalArgumentException("傳入的布局類型不合法");??

????????}??

this.mOrientation?=?orientation;??

????}??


@Override??

public?void?onDraw(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent,?RecyclerView.State?state)?{??

//調(diào)用這個繪制方法，RecyclerView會回調(diào)該繪制方法，需要我們自己去繪制條目的間隔線??

if?(mOrientation?==?LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL)?{??

//垂直??

????????????drawVertical(c,?parent);??

}else?{??

//水平??

????????????drawHorizontal(c,?parent);??

????????}??

????}??


private?void?drawVertical(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

//?畫水平線??

int?left?=?parent.getPaddingLeft();??

int?right?=?parent.getWidth()?-?parent.getPaddingRight();??

int?childCount?=?parent.getChildCount();??

for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?childCount;?i++)?{??

????????????View?child?=?parent.getChildAt(i);??


????????????RecyclerView.LayoutParams?params?=?(RecyclerView.LayoutParams)?child.getLayoutParams();??

int?top?=?child.getBottom()?+?params.bottomMargin?+?Math.round(ViewCompat.getTranslationY(child));??

int?bottom?=?top?+?mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();??

????????????mDivider.setBounds(left,?top,?right,?bottom);??

????????????mDivider.draw(c);??

????????}??

????}??


private?void?drawHorizontal(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

int?top?=?parent.getPaddingTop();??

int?bottom?=?parent.getHeight()?-?parent.getPaddingBottom();??

int?childCount?=?parent.getChildCount();??

for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?childCount;?i++)?{??

????????????View?child?=?parent.getChildAt(i);??


????????????RecyclerView.LayoutParams?params?=?(RecyclerView.LayoutParams)?child.getLayoutParams();??

int?left?=?child.getRight()?+?params.rightMargin?+?Math.round(ViewCompat.getTranslationX(child));??

int?right?=?left?+?mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();??

????????????mDivider.setBounds(left,?top,?right,?bottom);??

????????????mDivider.draw(c);??

????????}??

????}??


@Override??

public?void?getItemOffsets(Rect?outRect,?View?view,?RecyclerView?parent,?RecyclerView.State?state)?{??

//獲得條目的偏移量（所有的條目都會回調(diào)一次該方法）??

if?(mOrientation?==?LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL)?{??

//垂直??

outRect.set(0,?0,?0,?mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());??

}else?{??

//水平??

outRect.set(0,?0,?mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(),?0);??

????????}??

????}??


@IntDef({LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,?LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL})??

public?@interface?OrientationType?{??

????}??

}??

然后在activity設置水平方向

[java]?view plain?copy

mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new?LinearLayoutManager(this,?LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,?false);???

mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new?DividerItemDecoration(this,?LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL));??

豎直方向：

[java]?view plain?copy

mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new?LinearLayoutManager(this,?LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONAL,?false);???

mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new?DividerItemDecoration(this,?LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONAL))??

這里的分割線是默認的，我們可以在主題中去設置分割線的顏色

[html]?view plain?copy




@color/colorPrimary??

@color/colorPrimaryDark??

@color/colorAccent??

@drawable/bg_recyclerview_divider??


bg_recyclerview_divider.xml

[html]?view plain?copy


android:shape="rectangle">??


android:centerColor="#ff00ff00"??

android:endColor="#ff0000ff"??

android:startColor="#ffff0000"??

android:type="linear"/>??


android:width="10dp"??

android:height="10dp"/>??



運行后效果如下

以上的分割線只適用在LinearLayoutManager的相關布局中。

對于GridLayoutManager布局是不適用的。需要我們單獨寫一個。

以下是對于GridLayoutManager布局的分割線代碼

[java]?view plain?copy

package?com.sharejoys.recyclerviewdemo.view;??


import?android.content.Context;??

import?android.content.res.TypedArray;??

import?android.graphics.Canvas;??

import?android.graphics.Rect;??

import?android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;??

import?android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;??

import?android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;??

import?android.view.View;??


/**

?*?Date:?2018/1/14?

?*

?*?@author?青青-子衿

?*?@since?1.0

?*/??


public?class?DividerGridViewItemDecoration?extends?RecyclerView.ItemDecoration?{??

private?Drawable?mDivider;??

private?int[]?attrs?=?new?int[]{??

????????????android.R.attr.listDivider};??


public?DividerGridViewItemDecoration(Context?context)?{??

????????TypedArray?typedArray?=?context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs);??

mDivider?=?typedArray.getDrawable(0);??

????????typedArray.recycle();??

????}??


@Override??

public?void?onDraw(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent,?RecyclerView.State?state)?{??

????????drawVertical(c,?parent);??

????????drawHorizontal(c,?parent);??

????}??


private?void?drawVertical(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

//繪制垂直間隔線（垂直的矩形）??

int?childCount?=?parent.getChildCount();??

for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?childCount;?i++)?{??

????????????View?child?=?parent.getChildAt(i);??

????????????RecyclerView.LayoutParams?params?=?(RecyclerView.LayoutParams)?child.getLayoutParams();??

int?left?=?child.getRight()?+?params.rightMargin;??

int?right?=?left?+?mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth();??

int?top?=?child.getTop()?-?params.topMargin;??

int?bottom?=?child.getBottom()?+?params.bottomMargin;??


????????????mDivider.setBounds(left,?top,?right,?bottom);??

????????????mDivider.draw(c);??

????????}??

????}??


private?void?drawHorizontal(Canvas?c,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

//繪制水平分割線??

int?childCount?=?parent.getChildCount();??

for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?childCount;?i++)?{??

????????????View?child?=?parent.getChildAt(i);??

????????????RecyclerView.LayoutParams?params?=?(RecyclerView.LayoutParams)?child.getLayoutParams();??

int?left?=?child.getLeft()?-?params.leftMargin;??

int?right?=?child.getRight()?+?params.rightMargin?+?mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth();??

int?top?=?child.getBottom()?+?params.bottomMargin;??

int?bottom?=?top?+?mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();??


????????????mDivider.setBounds(left,?top,?right,?bottom);??

????????????mDivider.draw(c);??

????????}??

????}??


@Override??

public?void?getItemOffsets(Rect?outRect,?View?view,?RecyclerView?parent,?RecyclerView.State?state)?{??

//?四個方向的偏移值??

int?right?=?mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth();??

int?bottom?=?mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();??


????????RecyclerView.LayoutParams?params?=?(RecyclerView.LayoutParams)?view.getLayoutParams();??

int?itemPosition?=?params.getViewAdapterPosition();??

if?(isLastColum(itemPosition,?parent))?{??

right?=0;??

????????}??


if?(isLastRow(itemPosition,?parent))?{??

bottom?=0;??

????????}??

outRect.set(0,?0,?right,?bottom);??

????}??


/**

?????*?是否最后一行

?????*/??

private?boolean?isLastRow(int?itemPosition,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

int?spanCount?=?getSpanCount(parent);??

if?(spanCount?!=?-1)?{??

int?childCount?=?parent.getAdapter().getItemCount();??

int?lastRowCount?=?childCount?%?spanCount;??

//最后一行的數(shù)量小于spanCount??

if?(lastRowCount?==?0?||?lastRowCount?<?spanCount)?{??

return?true;??

????????????}??

????????}??


return?false;??

????}??



/**

?????*?根據(jù)parent獲取到列數(shù)

?????*/??

private?int?getSpanCount(RecyclerView?parent)?{??

????????RecyclerView.LayoutManager?layoutManager?=?parent.getLayoutManager();??

if?(layoutManager?instanceof?GridLayoutManager)?{??

????????????GridLayoutManager?lm?=?(GridLayoutManager)?layoutManager;??

int?spanCount?=?lm.getSpanCount();??

return?spanCount;??

????????}??

return?-1;??

????}??


/**

?????*?判斷是否是最后一列

?????*/??

private?boolean?isLastColum(int?itemPosition,?RecyclerView?parent)?{??

int?spanCount?=?getSpanCount(parent);??

if?(spanCount?!=?-1)?{??

if?((itemPosition?+?1)?%?spanCount?==?0)?{??

return?true;??

????????????}??

????????}??

return?false;??

????}??

}??

我們在activity中使用該分割線

[java]?view plain?copy

mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new?GridLayoutManager(this,?3));??

mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new?DividerGridViewItemDecoration(this));??

點擊事件

RecyclerView并沒有像ListView的那樣可以設置點擊事件以及長按點擊事件，這個需要我們可以在adapter中去設置回調(diào)的方式實現(xiàn)，具體代碼如下：

MyRecyclerViewAdapter的代碼如下：

[java]?view plain?copy

package?com.sharejoys.recyclerviewdemo.actvity;??


import?android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;??

import?android.view.LayoutInflater;??

import?android.view.View;??

import?android.view.ViewGroup;??

import?android.widget.TextView;??


import?com.sharejoys.recyclerviewdemo.R;??


import?java.util.List;??


/**

?*?Created?by?青青-子衿?on?2018/1/15.

?*/??



public?class?MyRecyclerViewAdapter?extends?RecyclerView.Adapter?{??

private?List?list;??

private?OnItemClickListener?onItemClickListener;??

private?OnItemLongClickListener?onItemLongClickListener;??


/**

?????*?設置點擊事件

?????*/??

public?void?setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener?onItemClickListener)?{??

this.onItemClickListener?=?onItemClickListener;??

????}??


/**

?????*?設置長按點擊事件

?????*/??

public?void?setOnItemLongClickListener(OnItemLongClickListener?onItemLongClickListener)?{??

this.onItemLongClickListener?=?onItemLongClickListener;??

????}??


public?MyRecyclerViewAdapter(List?list)?{??

this.list?=?list;??

????}??


@Override??

public?MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder?onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup?parent,?int?viewType)?{??

View?view?=?LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_base_use,?parent,false);??

MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder?viewHolder?=new?MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder(view);??

return?viewHolder;??

????}??


@Override??

public?void?onBindViewHolder(MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder?holder,?int?position)?{??

????????holder.mText.setText(list.get(position));??

int?adapterPosition?=?holder.getAdapterPosition();??

if?(onItemClickListener?!=?null)?{??

holder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new?MyOnClickListener(position,?list.get(adapterPosition)));??

????????}??

if?(onItemLongClickListener?!=?null)?{??

holder.itemView.setOnLongClickListener(new?MyOnLongClickListener(position,?list.get(adapterPosition)));??

????????}??

????}??


@Override??

public?int?getItemCount()?{??

return?list.size();??

????}??


class?ViewHolder?extends?RecyclerView.ViewHolder?{??

????????TextView?mText;??


????????ViewHolder(View?itemView)?{??

super(itemView);??

????????????mText?=?itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_tx);??

????????}??

????}??


private?class?MyOnLongClickListener?implements?View.OnLongClickListener?{??

private?int?position;??

private?String?data;??


public?MyOnLongClickListener(int?position,?String?data)?{??

this.position?=?position;??

this.data?=?data;??

????????}??


@Override??

public?boolean?onLongClick(View?v)?{??

????????????onItemLongClickListener.onItemLongClick(v,?position,?data);??

return?true;??

????????}??

????}??


private?class?MyOnClickListener?implements?View.OnClickListener?{??

private?int?position;??

private?String?data;??


public?MyOnClickListener(int?position,?String?data)?{??

this.position?=?position;??

this.data?=?data;??

????????}??


@Override??

public?void?onClick(View?v)?{??

????????????onItemClickListener.onItemClick(v,?position,?data);??

????????}??

????}??



public?interface?OnItemClickListener?{??

void?onItemClick(View?view,?int?position,?String?data);??

????}??


public?interface?OnItemLongClickListener?{??

void?onItemLongClick(View?view,?int?position,?String?data);??

????}??


}??

activity中設置監(jiān)聽：

[java]?view plain?copy

mAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new?MyRecyclerViewAdapter.OnItemClickListener()?{??

@Override??

public?void?onItemClick(View?view,?int?position,?String?data)?{??

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,?"您點擊了：??"?+?data,?Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();??

????????}??

????});??

mAdapter.setOnItemLongClickListener(new?MyRecyclerViewAdapter.OnItemLongClickListener()?{??

@Override??

public?void?onItemLongClick(View?view,?int?position,?String?data)?{??

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,?"您長按點擊了：??"?+?data,?Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();??

????????}??

????});??

運行后效果如下：

ItemAnimator

我們可以為RecyclerView設置增加和刪除動畫，這里我們可以使用默認動畫

[java]?view plain?copy

//設置添加或刪除item時的動畫，這里使用默認動畫??

mRecyclerView.setItemAnimator(new?DefaultItemAnimator());??

然后在Adapter中增加刪除和添加數(shù)據(jù)的方法

[java]?view plain?copy

/**

??*?插入一條數(shù)據(jù)

??*

??*?@param?index?下標

??*?@param?s?????數(shù)據(jù)

??*/??

public?void?addItem(int?index,?String?s)?{??

?????list.add(index,?s);??

?????notifyItemInserted(index);??

?}??


/**

??*?刪除一條數(shù)據(jù)

??*

??*?@param?index?下標

??*/??

public?void?deleteItem(int?index)?{??

?????list.remove(index);??

?????notifyItemRemoved(index);??

?}??

activty調(diào)用刪除和添加方法后效果如下

RecycleView還有一些其他用法，比如結合ItemTouchHelper實現(xiàn)item的拖拽效果，可以自定義增加header和footer（類似Listview）

最后附上demo地址

本文來自:https://blog.csdn.net/tuike/article/details/79064750

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