一.KVC的setValue:forKey:底層執(zhí)行
1.優(yōu)先查找setter方法
先查找是否有setKey方法,如果沒有,查找是否有_setKey方法,如果還沒有找到,查找是否有setIsKey方法
2.setter方法沒有查找到,會調用 + (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法,默認返回YES,表示可以直接通過實例變量設置值。
如果返回YES,會查找實例變量,不過,它有查找優(yōu)先級。先查找_key,沒有找到,會查找_isKey,若沒有找到,查找是否有key,如還沒有找到,會查找isKey。找到實例變量,給這個實例變量設置值,若最后還沒有找到,進入步驟3
如果返回NO,進入步驟3
3.以上都沒有找到,執(zhí)行 setValue:forUndefinedKey:方法
3.1 如果沒有重寫該方法,會調用系統(tǒng)的,并拋出異常
3.2 如果重寫了,執(zhí)行你重寫的這個方法,將這種情況交由你來處理,不會拋出異常,中斷程序。

二.KVC的valueForKey:底層執(zhí)行
1.優(yōu)先查找getter方法
先查找getKey,沒有找到,查找key,如沒有找到,繼續(xù)查找isKey,以上還沒有找到,會先查找_getKey,再查找_key。找到了執(zhí)行該方法,并返回值。
2.查找響應集合NSArray所有方法的代理對象
先查找是否有countOfKey方法,若沒有,直接進入步驟5。如果有countOfKey方法,繼續(xù)查找是否有objectInKeyAtIndex:/ keyAtIndexes:方法,如果有,返回一個可以響應集合NSArray所有方法的代理對象(實際是一個NSKeyValueArray對象,它是NSArray的子類)。使用這個對象調用NSArray的所有方法,會轉換為調用countOfKey方法、objectInKeyAtIndex:/ keyAtIndexes:方法組合的形式來創(chuàng)建鍵值編碼對象。
注意:
1.如果objectInKeyAtIndex:、keyAtIndexes:方法都存在,調用objectAtIndex:方法,會觸發(fā)objectInKeyAtIndex:方法,調用objectsAtIndexes:方法,會觸發(fā)keyAtIndexes:方法。
2.如果只有objectInKeyAtIndex:方法,調用objectAtIndex:和 objectsAtIndexes:方法,都會觸發(fā)objectInKeyAtIndex:方法,只不過,調用objectsAtIndexes:方法返回的結果是空數(shù)組
3.如果只有keyAtIndexes:方法,調用objectAtIndex:和objectsAtIndexes:方法,都會觸發(fā)keyAtIndexes:方法。
3.查找響應集合NSSet所有方法的代理對象
先查找是否有countOfKey方法,若沒有,直接進入步驟5。如果有countOfKey方法,繼續(xù)查找是否有enumeratorOfKey:/ memberOfKey:方法,如果有,返回一個可以響應集合NSSet所有方法的代理對象。使用這個對象調用NSSet的所有方法,會轉換為調用countOfKey方法、enumeratorOfKey:/ memberOfKey:方法組合的形式來創(chuàng)建鍵值編碼對象。
4.以上都沒有找到,調用+ (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法,默認返回 YES,表示可以直接通過實例變量設置值。
如果返回YES,會查找實例變量,不過,它有查找優(yōu)先級。先查找_key,沒有找到,會查找_isKey,若沒有找到,查找是否有key,如還沒有找到,會查找isKey。找到實例變量,返回獲取到的值,若最后還沒有找到,進入步驟5
如果返回NO,進入步驟5
5.以上都沒有找到,執(zhí)行valueForUndefinedKey:方法
5.1 如果沒有重寫該方法,會調用系統(tǒng)的,并拋出異常
5.2 如果重寫了,執(zhí)行你重寫的這個方法,將這種情況交由你來處理,不會拋出異常,中斷程序。

三、根據(jù)原理,自己實現(xiàn)KVC
模擬KVC設置值
- (void)setCWValue:(id)value forKey:(NSString *)key
{
if (!value || !key) {
return;
}
//查找setter方法:setKey、_setKey、setIskey
NSString *capitalizedString = key.capitalizedString;
NSString *setKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"set%@:",capitalizedString];
NSString *_setKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_set%@:",capitalizedString];
NSString *setIsKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"setIs%@:",capitalizedString];
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(setKey)]) {
[self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(setKey) withObject:value];
return;
} else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(_setKey)]) {
[self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(_setKey) withObject:value];
return;
}else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(setIsKey)]) {
[self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(setIsKey) withObject:value];
return;
}
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
//如果setter沒有查找到,調用+ (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法,看該函數(shù)的返回值(沒有重寫,默認返回YES),如果是YES,可以直接訪問實例變量,對實例變量設置值。實例變量訪問優(yōu)先級是:_key、_isKey、key、isKey
if ([self.class accessInstanceVariablesDirectly]) {
NSString *_key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",key];
NSString *_isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_is%@",capitalizedString];
NSString *isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"is%@",capitalizedString];
NSString *tempKey;
//查找所有的實例變量
NSArray *ivarlist = [self getAllIvarList];
if ([ivarlist containsObject:_key]) {
tempKey = _key;
} else if ([ivarlist containsObject:_isKey]) {
tempKey = _isKey;
} else if ([ivarlist containsObject:key]) {
tempKey = key;
} else if ([ivarlist containsObject:isKey]) {
tempKey = isKey;
}
if (tempKey && tempKey.length > 0) {
Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable(self.class, tempKey.UTF8String);
if (ivar) {
object_setIvar(self, ivar, value);
}
return;
}
}
//如果(BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法返回NO,或者實例變量沒有找到一個與key對應的,會調用setValue:forUndefinedKey:方法。如果子類重寫了該方法,調用該方法交由子類處理,不會拋出異常,否則拋出異?!霸擃惒环湘I值編碼規(guī)范”
[self setValue:value forUndefinedKey:key];
}
- (void)setCWValue:(id)value forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
{
NSArray *keyPaths = [keyPath componentsSeparatedByString:@"."];
if (!keyPaths || keyPaths.count < 1 || !value) {
return;
}
NSArray *ivarList = [self getAllIvarList];
NSString *path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",keyPaths.firstObject];
if ([ivarList containsObject:path]) {
id pathObject = object_getIvar(self, class_getInstanceVariable(self.class, path.UTF8String));
[((NSObject *)pathObject) setCWValue:value forKey:keyPaths.lastObject];
}
}
模擬KVC取值
-(id)valueCWForKey:(NSString *)key
{
//1.查找getter方法:getKey、key、isKey、_getKey、_key
NSString *capitalizedString = key.capitalizedString;
NSString *getKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"get%@",capitalizedString];
NSString *isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"is%@",capitalizedString];
NSString *_getKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_get%@",capitalizedString];
NSString *_key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",key];
SEL tempSel = nil;
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(getKey)]) {
tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(getKey);
} else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(key)]) {
tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(key);
} else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(isKey)]) {
tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(isKey);
} else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(_getKey)]) {
tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(_getKey);
} else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(_key)]) {
tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(_key);
}
if (tempSel) {
return [self performSelector:tempSel];
}
//2.沒有找到getter方法,繼續(xù)查找遵循某些命名約定的相關方法。
/*2.1查重是否有countOfKey的方法,如果有,繼續(xù)查找是否有objectInKeyAtIndex:/nameAtIndexes:方法,
如果有,則返回一個響應所有NSArray方法的集合代理對象*/
//2.2查重是否有countOfKey的方法,如果有,繼續(xù)查找是否有enumeratorOfKey:/memberOfKey:方法,如果有,則返回一個響應所有NSSet方法的集合代理對象
NSString *countOfKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"countOf%@",capitalizedString];
NSString *objectInKeyAtIndex = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"objectIn%@AtIndex:",capitalizedString];
NSString *nameAtIndexes = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@AtIndexes:",key];
if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(countOfKey)]) {
int count = (int)[self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(countOfKey)];
int fuc = 0;
//是否滿足返回響應NSArray集合代理方法的對象
if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(objectInKeyAtIndex)]) {
fuc = 1;
} else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(nameAtIndexes)]) {
fuc = 2;
}
if (fuc != 0) {
NSMutableArray *array = NSMutableArray.array;
id objc = nil;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (fuc == 1) {
objc = [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(objectInKeyAtIndex) withObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:i]];
} else {
NSArray *objectInexes = [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(nameAtIndexes)];
objc = objectInexes.firstObject;
}
if (objc) {
[array addObject:objc];
}
}
return array;
}
//是否滿足返回響應NSArray集合代理方法的對象及value的類型轉換暫不提供
//TODO
}
//3 以上都沒有找到,調用+ (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法,看該函數(shù)的返回值(沒有重寫,默認返回YES),如果是YES,可以直接訪問實例變量,對實例變量設置值。實例變量訪問優(yōu)先級是:_key、_isKey、key、isKey
if ([self.class accessInstanceVariablesDirectly]) {
NSString *_key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",key];
NSString *_isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_is%@",capitalizedString];
NSString *isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"is%@",capitalizedString];
NSString *tempKey;
//查找所有的實例變量
NSArray *ivarlist = [self getAllIvarList];
if ([ivarlist containsObject:_key]) {
tempKey = _key;
} else if ([ivarlist containsObject:_isKey]) {
tempKey = _isKey;
} else if ([ivarlist containsObject:key]) {
tempKey = key;
} else if ([ivarlist containsObject:isKey]) {
tempKey = isKey;
}
if (tempKey && tempKey.length > 0) {
Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable(self.class, tempKey.UTF8String);
if (ivar) {
return object_getIvar(self, ivar);
}
}
}
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
//4 如果(BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法返回NO,或者沒有找相關的處理方法,會調用valueForUndefinedKey:方法。如果子類重寫了該方法,調用該方法交由子類處理,不會拋出異常,否則拋出異?!霸擃惒环湘I值編碼規(guī)范”
//注意??:如果數(shù)據(jù)是基本數(shù)據(jù)類型,轉換為NSNumber,否則,轉換為NSValue
return [self valueForUndefinedKey:key];
}
- (id)valueCWForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
{
NSArray *keyPaths = [keyPath componentsSeparatedByString:@"."];
if (!keyPaths || keyPaths.count < 1) {
return nil;
}
NSArray *ivarList = [self getAllIvarList];
NSString *path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",keyPaths.firstObject];
if ([ivarList containsObject:path]) {
id pathObject = object_getIvar(self, class_getInstanceVariable(self.class, path.UTF8String));
return [((NSObject *)pathObject) valueCWForKey:keyPaths.lastObject];
}
return nil;
}
//獲取對象所有實例
- (NSArray *)getAllIvarList
{
Class cls = self.class;
NSMutableArray *array = NSMutableArray.array;
while (cls && !([NSStringFromClass(cls) isEqualToString:@"NSObject"] || [NSStringFromClass(cls) hasPrefix:@"UI"])) {
unsigned int count;
Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList(cls, &count);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
Ivar inst = ivars[i];
NSString *name = [NSString stringWithCString:ivar_getName(inst) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
if (name) {
[array addObject:name];
}
}
free(ivars);
cls = class_getSuperclass(cls);
}
return array;
}