一個(gè)輕量級(jí)的類java語法規(guī)則引擎,作為一個(gè)嵌入式規(guī)則引擎在業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)中使用。讓業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)則定義簡便而不失靈活。讓業(yè)務(wù)人員就可以定義業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)則。支持標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的JAVA語法,還可以支持自定義操作符號(hào)、操作符號(hào)重載、函數(shù)定義、宏定義、數(shù)據(jù)延遲加載等。
QLExpress在阿里集團(tuán)內(nèi)部有很強(qiáng)的影響力,被廣泛應(yīng)用在電商場景中,在業(yè)務(wù)靈活多變的場景下常常需要規(guī)則引擎的支持。
官方地址為:https://github.com/alibaba/QLExpress
項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)給了很多的使用案例,但是如果不親自運(yùn)行一下,不容易體會(huì)到其用法與強(qiáng)大之處,本次主要給一個(gè)QLExpress的運(yùn)行案例,可以真正的跑起來官方給的各種案例代碼。
案例
說明:
/**
* 執(zhí)行一段文本
* @param expressString 程序文本
* @param context 執(zhí)行上下文,執(zhí)行上下文在執(zhí)行的過程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生中間數(shù)據(jù),上下文不要重復(fù)使用
* @param errorList 輸出的錯(cuò)誤信息List
* @param isCache 是否使用Cache中的指令集
* @param isTrace 是否輸出詳細(xì)的執(zhí)行指令信息
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public Object execute(String expressString, IExpressContext<String,Object> context,
List<String> errorList, boolean isCache, boolean isTrace) throws Exception {
return this.execute(expressString, context, errorList, isCache, isTrace, null);
}
運(yùn)行案例:
package me.aihe.demo.qlexpress;
import com.ql.util.express.DefaultContext;
import com.ql.util.express.ExpressRunner;
import com.ql.util.express.IExpressContext;
import com.ql.util.express.Operator;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class QLExpressionDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ExpressRunner runner = new ExpressRunner();
// getStarted(runner);
// basicStatement(runner);
// collectionStatement(runner);
// objectStatement(runner);
// functionStatement(runner);
// macronStatement(runner);
// workWithJavaStatement(runner);
// extendOperatorStatement(runner);
customOperatorStatement(runner);
}
/**
* 自定義操作符的使用
* @param runner
*/
private static void customOperatorStatement(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
class JoinOperator extends Operator {
public Object executeInner(Object[] list) throws Exception {
Object opdata1 = list[0];
Object opdata2 = list[1];
if(opdata1 instanceof java.util.List){
((java.util.List)opdata1).add(opdata2);
return opdata1;
}else{
java.util.List result = new java.util.ArrayList();
result.add(opdata1);
result.add(opdata2);
return result;
}
}
}
// 返回結(jié)果 [1, 2, 3]
//(1)addOperator
DefaultContext<String, Object> context = new DefaultContext<String, Object>();
runner.addOperator("join",new JoinOperator());
Object r = runner.execute("1 join 2 join 3", context, null, false, false);
System.out.println(r);
// (2) addFunction
// 返回結(jié)果:[1 , 2 ]
runner.addFunction("joinfunc",new JoinOperator());
r = runner.execute("joinfunc(1,2,3)", context, null, false, false);
System.out.println(r);
//(3)replaceOperator
// 返回結(jié)果 [1, 2, 3]
runner.replaceOperator("+",new JoinOperator());
r = runner.execute("1 + 2 + 3", context, null, false, false);
System.out.println(r);
}
/**
* 操作符處理,一般不太常用,但可以自定義一些操作符
* @param runner
*/
private static void extendOperatorStatement(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
runner.addOperatorWithAlias("如果", "if",null);
runner.addOperatorWithAlias("則", "then",null);
runner.addOperatorWithAlias("否則", "else",null);
IExpressContext<String, Object> context =new DefaultContext<String, Object>();
context.put("語文", 88);
context.put("數(shù)學(xué)", 99);
context.put("英語", 95);
String exp = "如果 (語文+數(shù)學(xué)+英語>270) 則 {return 1;} 否則 {return 0;}";
// DefaultContext<String, Object> context = new DefaultContext<String, Object>();
Object result = runner.execute(exp, context, null, false, false, null);
System.out.println(result);
}
/**
* 將Java中已經(jīng)寫好的一些方法,綁定到我們自定義的變量上,在業(yè)務(wù)中最常用的部分。
* @param runner
*/
private static void workWithJavaStatement(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
// 在使用的時(shí)候會(huì)創(chuàng)建對(duì)象
runner.addFunctionOfClassMethod("取絕對(duì)值", Math.class.getName(), "abs",
new String[] { "double" }, null);
// 對(duì)象已經(jīng)存在,直接調(diào)用對(duì)象中的方法
runner.addFunctionOfServiceMethod("打印", System.out, "println",new String[] { "String" }, null);
String exp = "a=取絕對(duì)值(-100);打印(\"Hello World\");打印(a.toString())";
DefaultContext<String, Object> context = new DefaultContext<>();
runner.execute(exp, context,null,false,false);
System.out.println(context);
}
/**
* Macro定義, 即預(yù)先定義一些內(nèi)容,在使用的時(shí)候直接替換Macro中的變量為上下文的內(nèi)容
* @param runner
*/
private static void macronStatement(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
runner.addMacro("計(jì)算平均成績", "(語文+數(shù)學(xué)+英語)/3.0");
runner.addMacro("是否優(yōu)秀", "計(jì)算平均成績>90");
IExpressContext<String, Object> context =new DefaultContext<String, Object>();
context.put("語文", 88);
context.put("數(shù)學(xué)", 99);
context.put("英語", 95);
Object result = runner.execute("是否優(yōu)秀", context, null, false, false);
System.out.println(result);
}
/**
* 自定義在QLexpress中的函數(shù)
* 一般語句的最后一句話是返回結(jié)果
* @param runner
*/
private static void functionStatement(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
String functionStatement = "function add(int a,int b){\n" +
" return a+b;\n" +
"};\n" +
"\n" +
"function sub(int a,int b){\n" +
" return a - b;\n" +
"};\n" +
"\n" +
"a=10;\n" +
"add(a,4) + sub(a,9);";
Object result = runner.execute(functionStatement, new DefaultContext<>(), null, false, false);
// runner.execute(functionStatement, new DefaultContext<>(), null, true, false, 1000);
System.out.println(result);
}
/**
* 對(duì)Java對(duì)象的操作
* 系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)會(huì)import java.lang.*,import java.util.*;
* @param runner
*/
private static void objectStatement(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
// TradeEvent tradeEvent = new TradeEvent();
// tradeEvent.setPrice(20.0);
// tradeEvent.setName("購物");
// tradeEvent.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());//
//
String objectStatement = "import me.aihe.demo.trade.TradeEvent;\n" +
" tradeEvent = new TradeEvent();\n" +
" tradeEvent.setPrice(20.0);\n" +
" tradeEvent.id=UUID.randomUUID().toString();\n" +
" System.out.println(tradeEvent.getId());\n" +
" System.out.println(tradeEvent.price);";
runner.execute(objectStatement, new DefaultContext<>(), null, false, false);
}
/**
* 在定義集合,數(shù)組相關(guān)的操作,ql有自己的語法,不能簡單的使用Java語法
* //java語法:使用泛型來提醒開發(fā)者檢查類型
* keys = new ArrayList<String>();
* deviceName2Value = new HashMap<String,String>(7);
* String[] deviceNames = {"ng","si","umid","ut","mac","imsi","imei"};
* int[] mins = {5,30};
*
* //ql寫法:
* keys = new ArrayList();
* deviceName2Value = new HashMap();
* deviceNames = ["ng","si","umid","ut","mac","imsi","imei"];
* mins = [5,30];
*
*
* //java語法:對(duì)象類型聲明
* FocFulfillDecisionReqDTO reqDTO = param.getReqDTO();
* //ql寫法:
* reqDTO = param.getReqDTO();
*
* //java語法:數(shù)組遍歷
* for(GRCRouteLineResultDTO item : list) {
* }
* //ql寫法:
* for(i=0;i<list.size();i++){
* item = list.get(i);
* }
*
* //java語法:map遍歷
* for(String key : map.keySet()) {
* System.out.println(map.get(key));
* }
* //ql寫法:
* keySet = map.keySet();
* objArr = keySet.toArray();
* for (i=0;i<objArr.length;i++) {
* key = objArr[i];
* System.out.println(map.get(key));
* }
* @param runner
*/
private static void collectionStatement(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
DefaultContext<String, Object> defaultContext = new DefaultContext<>();
HashMap<String, String> mapData = new HashMap(){{
put("a","hello");
put("b","world");
put("c","!@#$");
}};
defaultContext.put("map",mapData);
//ql不支持for(obj:list){}的語法,只能通過下標(biāo)訪問。
String mapTraverseStatement = " keySet = map.keySet();\n" +
" objArr = keySet.toArray();\n" +
" for (i=0;i<objArr.length;i++) {\n" +
" key = objArr[i];\n" +
" System.out.println(map.get(key));\n" +
" }";
runner.execute(mapTraverseStatement,defaultContext,null,false,false);
System.out.println(defaultContext);
// 集合的快捷寫法
/**
* ExpressRunner runner = new ExpressRunner(false,false);
* DefaultContext<String, Object> context = new DefaultContext<String, Object>();
* String express = "abc = NewMap(1:1,2:2); return abc.get(1) + abc.get(2);";
* Object r = runner.execute(express, context, null, false, false);
* System.out.println(r);
* express = "abc = NewList(1,2,3); return abc.get(1)+abc.get(2)";
* r = runner.execute(express, context, null, false, false);
* System.out.println(r);
* express = "abc = [1,2,3]; return abc[1]+abc[2];";
* r = runner.execute(express, context, null, false, false);
* System.out.println(r);
*/
}
/**
* 語法基本說明:
* 不支持try{}catch{}
* 不支持java8的lambda表達(dá)式
* 不支持for循環(huán)集合操作for (GRCRouteLineResultDTO item : list)
* 弱類型語言,請(qǐng)不要定義類型聲明
* 不要用Templete(Map<String,List>之類的)
* array的聲明不一樣
* min,max,round,print,println,like,in 都是系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)函數(shù)的關(guān)鍵字,請(qǐng)不要作為變量名
* @param runner
*/
private static void basicStatement(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
DefaultContext<String, Object> defaultContext = new DefaultContext<>();
// defaultContext.put("n",10); //直接從Java中傳遞上下文等于在表達(dá)式中傳遞上下文
String loopStatement = "sum=0;n=10;" +
"for(i=0;i<n;i++){\n" +
"sum=sum+i;\n" +
"}\n" +
"return sum;";
Object result = runner.execute(loopStatement, defaultContext, null, false, false);
System.out.println(result);
// 注意使用同一個(gè)defaultContext,上一步語句執(zhí)行的中間變量會(huì)被傳遞到下一個(gè)語句中
String maxmiumStatement = "a=1;\n" +
"b=2;\n" +
"maxnum = a>b?a:b;";
result = runner.execute(maxmiumStatement, defaultContext, null, false, false);
System.out.println(result);
}
// 入門展示express使用部分
private static void getStarted(ExpressRunner runner) throws Exception {
DefaultContext<String, Object> context = new DefaultContext<String, Object>();
context.put("a",1);
context.put("b",2);
context.put("c",3);
String express = "a+b*c";
Object r = runner.execute(express, context, null, true, true);
System.out.println(r);
}
}

image-20191011080218251
說明
綁定java類或者對(duì)象的method,在業(yè)務(wù)中經(jīng)常用到,可以重點(diǎn)關(guān)注,其余的親自跑一下看看運(yùn)行效果。
參考: