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程序包編譯安裝

在linux中，程序的安裝分為rpm安裝、yum安裝和編譯安裝，rpm包和yum包在制作過程中已經(jīng)規(guī)劃好了安裝的路徑，相對普通用戶來說，這種方式相對于便捷，但是只能用在匹配的系統(tǒng)版本上，定義不同的安裝方式。很多軟件使用源碼發(fā)布，以便于應(yīng)用在不同的平臺上。用戶在編譯源碼的時候，生成適用于當(dāng)前操作系統(tǒng)的二進(jìn)制程序。linux有現(xiàn)成的編譯工具，可以批量的，自動的幫我們把成千上萬的源代碼按規(guī)則生成二進(jìn)制。這個工具叫做make（項(xiàng)目管理器），針對于c語言和c++。

本文章所用系統(tǒng)為CentOS 7，httpd源碼為httpd-2.4.27.tar.bz2

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝開發(fā)包組

在程序的編譯安裝之前，先安裝好開發(fā)包組，執(zhí)行命令yum groupinstall "Development tools"（安裝過程過長，截取部分展示）

[root@centos7 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27]#yum groupinstall "Development tools"
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
base                                                                                    | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                    | 6.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                    | 4.3 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                  | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                 | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
webtatic                                                                                | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                           | 806 kB  00:00:02     
(2/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                           | 4.8 MB  00:00:14     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.btte.net
 * epel: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
 * extras: mirrors.btte.net
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * webtatic: sp.repo.webtatic.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: m4 >= 1.4.14 for package: autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch
---> Package automake.noarch 0:1.13.4-3.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Thread::Queue) for package: automake-1.13.4-3.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(TAP::Parser) for package: automake-1.13.4-3.el7.noarch
......

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝Apache

因?yàn)榘惭bhttpd必須用到apache，在這里提前按住Apache，執(zhí)行命令yum install apr-util-devel

[root@centos7 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27]#yum install apr-util-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.btte.net
 * epel: repo.ugm.ac.id
 * extras: mirrors.btte.net
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * webtatic: sp.repo.webtatic.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package apr-util-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: pkgconfig(apr-1) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: openldap-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libdb-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: expat-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: apr-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
......

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝pcre

pcre是通用的正則表達(dá)式引擎，在很多軟件中都可以使用，是必要安裝的組件之一，執(zhí)行命令yum install pcre-devel

[root@centos7 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27]#yum install pcre-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.btte.net
 * epel: mirror.premi.st
 * extras: mirrors.btte.net
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * webtatic: sp.repo.webtatic.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-15.el7_2.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved
......

下載httpd源碼并上傳至centos虛擬機(jī)并解壓

首先下載我們所需要的httpd源碼，這里推薦下載網(wǎng)址http://apache.fayea.com/httpd/

在這里我們需要用一個工具WinSCP，把我們已經(jīng)下載的httpd-2.4.27.tar.bz2上傳至CentOS 7虛擬機(jī)里。
使用XShell/CRT遠(yuǎn)程連接時，直接使用rz命令向Centos系統(tǒng)上傳文件
第一步：配置WinSCP客戶端，連接到CentOS 7

第二步：找到你下載在windows系統(tǒng)下的源碼包，復(fù)制進(jìn)CentOS 7系統(tǒng)里，在linux中，有一個專門放置源碼包的目錄 /usr/local/src/，推薦源碼包統(tǒng)一放置在此文件夾

第三步：在CentOS 7中檢查是否上傳完成

[root@centos7 ~]#cd /usr/local/src/ 
[root@centos7 /usr/local/src]#ll  
total 6376  
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6527394 Jul 31 09:55 httpd-2.4.27.tar.bz2

第四步：用tar命令解壓已上傳的httpd源碼包，在這里已經(jīng)可以看到解壓后的httpd-2.4.27文件夾

[root@centos7 /usr/local/src]#tar xvf httpd-2.4.27.tar.bz2 
httpd-2.4.27/
httpd-2.4.27/.deps
httpd-2.4.27/.gdbinit
httpd-2.4.27/ABOUT_APACHE
httpd-2.4.27/acinclude.m4
httpd-2.4.27/ap.d
httpd-2.4.27/Apache-apr2.dsw
......
[root@centos7 /usr/local/src]#ll
total 6380
drwxr-xr-x. 11  501 games    4096 Jul  7 01:38 httpd-2.4.27
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  6527394 Jul 31 09:55 httpd-2.4.27.tar.bz2

看說明

cat README 查看使用說明（由于文件過大，截取部分展示）

[root@centos7 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27]#cat README

                          Apache HTTP Server

  What is it?
  -----------

  The Apache HTTP Server is a powerful and flexible HTTP/1.1 compliant
  web server.  Originally designed as a replacement for the NCSA HTTP
  Server, it has grown to be the most popular web server on the
  Internet.  As a project of the Apache Software Foundation, the
  developers aim to collaboratively develop and maintain a robust,
  commercial-grade, standards-based server with freely available
  source code.

  The Latest Version
  ------------------

  Details of the latest version can be found on the Apache HTTP
  server project page under http://httpd.apache.org/.

  Documentation
  -------------

  The documentation available as of the date of this release is
  included in HTML format in the docs/manual/ directory.  The most
  up-to-date documentation can be found at
  http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/.
......

cat INSTALL 查看安裝信息（由于文件過大，截取部分展示）

[root@centos7 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27]#cat INSTALL 

 APACHE INSTALLATION OVERVIEW

 Quick Start - Unix
 ------------------

 For complete installation documentation, see [ht]docs/manual/install.html or
 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html

    $ ./configure --prefix=PREFIX
    $ make
    $ make install
    $ PREFIX/bin/apachectl start

    NOTES: * Replace PREFIX with the filesystem path under which 
             Apache should be installed.  A typical installation
             might use "/usr/local/apache2" for PREFIX (without the
             quotes).

           * Consider if you want to use a previously installed APR and
             APR-Util (such as those provided with many OSes) or if you
             need to use the APR and APR-Util from the apr.apache.org
             project. If the latter, download the latest versions and
             unpack them to ./srclib/apr and ./srclib/apr-util (no
             version numbers in the directory names) and use
             ./configure's --with-included-apr option. This is required
             if you don't have the compiler which the system APR was
             built with.  It can also be advantageous if you are a
             developer who will be linking your code with Apache or using
             a debugger to step through server code, as it removes the
             possibility of version or compile-option mismatches with APR
             and APR-Util code. As a convenience, prepackaged source-code
             bundles of APR and APR-Util are occasionally also provided
             as a httpd-2.X.X-deps.tar.gz download.
......

生成Makefile文件并安裝

執(zhí)行configure文件，定義安裝位置為/app/httpd24，開啟動態(tài)鏈接功能，開啟ssl模塊。執(zhí)行命令./configure --prefix=/app/httpd24 --enable-so --with-ssl

[root@centos7 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27]#./configure --prefix=/app/httpd24 --enable-so --with-ssl
checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
configure: 
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure: 
checking for APR... yes
  setting CC to "gcc"
  setting CPP to "gcc -E"
  setting CFLAGS to "  -pthread"
  setting CPPFLAGS to " -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE"
  setting LDFLAGS to " "
configure: 
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime Utility library...
configure: 
checking for APR-util... yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables... 
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C99... -std=gnu99
checking for pcre-config... /usr/bin/pcre-config
configure: Using external PCRE library from /usr/bin/pcre-config
  setting PCRE_INCLUDES to ""
  setting PCRE_LIBS to "-lpcre"
configure: 
configure: Configuring Apache httpd...
......

執(zhí)行make命令，編譯二進(jìn)制文件，這是一個漫長的過程，等待完成即可。接著執(zhí)行make install安裝

[root@centos7 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27]#make install
Making install in srclib
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/srclib'
make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/srclib'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/srclib'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/srclib'
Making install in os
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/os'
Making install in unix
make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/os/unix'
make[3]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/os/unix'
make[3]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/os/unix'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/os/unix'
make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/os'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/os'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/os'
Making install in server
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/server'
Making install in mpm
make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/server/mpm'
Making install in worker
......

更改系統(tǒng)配置

更改配置文件，永久關(guān)閉selinux
[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#vim /etc/selinux/config

修改文件SELINUX=permission

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=permission
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

systemctl stop firewalld 暫停防火墻
systemctl disable firewalld 取消防火墻開機(jī)自啟動

[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#systemctl stop firewalld
[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#systemctl disable firewalld

配置path變量

進(jìn)入安裝目錄
[root@centos7 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27]#cd /app/httpd24/
設(shè)置變量腳本
[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#echo 'export PATH=/app/httpd22/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh
檢查腳本生成
[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#cat /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh 
export PATH=/app/httpd22/bin:$PATH
運(yùn)行腳本
[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#. /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh 
查看變量
[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#echo $PATH
/app/httpd22/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
啟動apache
[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#apachectl
檢查端口開放情況，80端口開啟即為正常
[root@centos7 /app/httpd24]#ss -ntl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q          Local Address:Port                         Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      50                          *:3306                                    *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                         *:111                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      5               192.168.122.1:53                                      *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                         *:22                                      *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                 127.0.0.1:631                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100                 127.0.0.1:25                                      *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                        :::111                                    :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                        :::80                                     :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                        :::22                                     :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                       ::1:631                                    :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100                       ::1:25                                     :::*

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安裝流程結(jié)束

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【CentOS基礎(chǔ)篇】之編譯安裝httpd

【CentOS基礎(chǔ)篇】之編譯安裝httpd

程序包編譯安裝

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝開發(fā)包組

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝Apache

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝pcre

下載httpd源碼并上傳至centos虛擬機(jī)并解壓

看說明

生成Makefile文件并安裝

更改系統(tǒng)配置

配置path變量

安裝流程結(jié)束

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【CentOS基礎(chǔ)篇】之編譯安裝httpd

程序包編譯安裝

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝開發(fā)包組

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝Apache

準(zhǔn)備工作：安裝pcre

下載httpd源碼并上傳至centos虛擬機(jī)并解壓

看說明

生成Makefile文件并安裝

更改系統(tǒng)配置

配置path變量

安裝流程結(jié)束

相關(guān)閱讀更多精彩內(nèi)容

友情鏈接更多精彩內(nèi)容

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