Lesson 16 Mary had
a little lamb 瑪麗有一頭小羔羊
【New words and expressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)
◆prize????? adj.珍貴的，寶貴的
◆tie v.拴，系
◆theft? n.偷盜案
◆accuse??? v.指控
◆deny? v.否認(rèn)
◆ashamed adj.感到羞恥，慚愧
◆apologize??? v.道歉
◆dye??? v.染
★prize?adj.珍貴的，寶貴的
可以表示“珍貴的，寶貴的”的詞包括：prize，valuable，preclous,
cherishable，dear
Eg.: Mary has gota prize lamb.
??? The cat is prize to the old lady.
★tie v. 拴，系
tie sth to
1．把…拴在…上
Eg: I tie the dogto a tree
2．與…有聯(lián)系
Eg: He is tied tohis family
3．n. 領(lǐng)帶；關(guān)系（強(qiáng)調(diào)血緣關(guān)系）
★theft n. 偷盜行為，偷盜案
Eg.: He reportsthe theft to the police.
★accuse v. 指控
accuse sb of doing
sth 因?yàn)槟呈轮缚啬橙?指控某人做了某事
Eg.: He acciusedhis neighbour of stealing his bicycle.
＝charge sb with doing sth
accuse比charge語(yǔ)意弱：accuse強(qiáng)調(diào)“嚴(yán)厲的指責(zé)” charge強(qiáng)調(diào)“控告”
★deny v. 否認(rèn)
deny doing sth. 否認(rèn)做了某事
He denied stealingthe lamb.
He denied thetruth.
deny sb. nothing百依百順
Eg: He denies hiswife nothing
deny oneself:克制自己
Eg: On someoccasions we must deny ourselves.
★ashamed adj. 感到羞恥，慚愧
be ashamed of
He is ashamed ofbeing a dustman.
shameful: 可恥的
The theft isshameful.
shameless:無(wú)恥的
The thief is ashameless person.
★apologize v. 道歉
apologize to sb.(for sth. )
apology n.
★dye v. 染
Dye the clothblack.
【Text】
§Lesson 16 Mary had a little lamb 瑪麗有一頭小羔羊
Q: Was Dimitriright to apologize to his neighbour? Why not?
Mary and herhusband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece. Oneof Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had givenher. She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch itevery evening. One evening, however, the lamb was missing. The rope had beencut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen.
When Dimitri camein from the fields,His wife told him what had happened.Dimitri at once set outto find the thief. He knew it would not prove difficult in such a smallvillage. After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri foundout that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitriimmediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb.He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko deniedtaking it and led Dimitri into his back-yard. It was true that he had justbought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed of having acted sorashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While they weretalking it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house until the rainstopped. When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to findthat the little black lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyedblack, had been washed clean by the rain!
【課文講解】
in the tiny
village of...在一個(gè)小小的山村
in the big city ofBeijing
in the beautifulcity of Paris
possession: 所有物
Eg: What I possess
is valuable/ My possessions are valuable. 我所擁有的一切都很值錢(qián)。
belonging:? 隨身攜帶物（通常是用復(fù)數(shù)形式）
keep:使......處于某種狀態(tài)
keep后的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）可以是形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞
keep和過(guò)去分詞搭配做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，過(guò)去分詞和賓語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
? I keep my windows closed.
賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是主謂關(guān)系，那么賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)
? I kept the boy standing outside.
It is obvious that…顯而易見(jiàn)
set out to do sth.開(kāi)始著手做某事
it would not prove
difficult, 是不難做到的
prove 是連系動(dòng)詞，作“證明是”講，本句子與it would not be difficult相同。
tell sb. about
sth. 把某事告知某人
L16-01?end? 12’06”
L16-02? begin?8’22”
Eg.: He told thepolice about the theft.
or: 否則
Eg.: He can’t beill or he wouldn’t have come.
or else: (口語(yǔ)) 否則……
Eg: Your room is
so dirty. Clear it promptly, or else….
It is truethat..., but...? 誠(chéng)然......, 但是......
Eg.: It is truethat the work is hard, but we’ll finish it ahead.
Ashamed of having
acted so rashly, ... 其前省略了being, 現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)（形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)）做狀語(yǔ)，此處相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)，放在主句前后均可。
Angry at everybodyhere, he left suddenly.
Anxious for a quickdecision, he called his friends.
Nervous, the manopened the letter.
L16-02? end?8’22”
L16-03? begin??8’57”
【Special difficulties】
had better do sth.
had better not dosth.
Exercise P76
Rewrite thefollowing sentences using had better in place of it would be advisable.
1? It would be advisable for us to have lunch.
2? It would be advisable for her to renew herpassport.
3? It would not be advisable for you to ask somany questions.
4? It would not be advisable for us to stay anylonger.
5? It would be advisable for the children to getan early night.
6? It would be advisable for me to consult mysolicitor.
Key:
1? We had better have lunch.
2? She had better renew her passport.
3? You had better not ask so many questions.
4? We had better not stay any longer.
5? The children had better get an early night.
6? I had better o consult my solicitor.
注：solicitor 律師，法律顧問(wèn)
【Multiple choice questions】P76
Comprehension
1? Every evening, Mary used to go and _____ .
a. cut the lambfrom the rope it had been tied on
b. untie the lambso it could wander in the field at night
c. bring her lambback home for the night
d. make sure thather lamb was not missing
1. C
2? It would not be difficult to find the thiefbecause _____ .
a. the lamb hadbeen one of Mary’s prize possessions
b. news travelsfast in a small community
c. Dimitri had alot of friends in the village
d. the rain wouldsoon wash the black dye off the lamb
2. B
community:社區(qū)village
3? When Aleko first showed Dimitri the lamb inhis backyard _____ .
a. he was truthfulabout how he had acquired he lamb but not about its colour
b. Dimitriadmitted that the lamb could not be his wife’s
c. it was clearthat the lamb had been dyed black
d. it started torain before Dimitri had time to identify the lamb as his
3. B
Structure
4? Mary and her husband Dimitri lived inPerachora, _____ tiny village in southern Greece. (ll.1-2)
a. in a??? b. the???c. in the?? d. a
4. D
5? ----was a little white lamb which had been_____ from her husband. (ll.2-3)
a. present??? b. presented??? c. presenting??? d. a present
present -->absent
presented +to /with
When Mr Brown leftfirm, the director presented a gold watch to him.
a present from sb.
Eg.; The gold watchwas present from the director.
5. D
6? On her husband’s return, _____ what hadhappened. (ll.7-8)
a. his wife toldhim??? b. she told Dimitri??? c. Mary told him??? d. Dimitri was told
6. C
7? ----it would not prove difficult in a villageof _____ size. (ll.8-9)
a. a suchsmall??? b. so small??? c. the smallest??? d. so small a
so small a size orsuch a small size
7. D
8? He told him if he _____ it, he would call thepolice. (l.11)
a. was notreturning??? b. did not return??? c. has not returned?? ?d.had not returned
8. B
Vocabulary
9? One of Mary’s most _____ possessions...(l.2)
a. valued??? b. worthwhile??? c. worthy???d. expensive
9. A
valued advice 寶貴的忠告
valued friend 珍貴的朋友
worthwhile 值得的
Eg.: Any exerciseis worthwhile.
Studying hard is worthwhile.
worthy: 配得上的
Eg.: The chain isworthy of the watch.
???? His deeds are worthy of our praise.他的行為值得我們表?yè)P(yáng)。
10? After _____ the theft to several of hisfriends... (l.9)
a. telling??? b. reporting??? c. expressing??? d. counting
tell somebodyabout something
10 B
report somethingto somebody
11? During their _____, it began to rain.(ll.13-14)
a. chat??? b. argument??? c. conversation??? d.speech
11. C
talk ==conversation
12? When he went ____ half an hour later ...(ll.14-15)
a. out of doors??? b. into the open??? c. in the open air??? d. inside out
12. A
out ofdoors---outside? 反義詞：indoors
in the open air 在野外，在露天
inside out:里外反穿
Eg.: He put his
socks on inside out.他把襪子穿反了。
L16-03 end?8’57”
L17-01? begin?12’46”
§Lesson 17 The longest suspension bridge inthe world
世界上最長(zhǎng)的吊橋
【New words and expressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)
◆suspension?? n.懸，吊
◆agreeable???? adj.宜人的
◆situation n.地點(diǎn)，地方
◆locate v.位于
◆immortal adj.永生的，流芳百世的
◆Brooklyn???? n.布魯克林（紐約一區(qū)名）
◆Staten???? n.斯塔頓（島）
◆span? n.跨度
◆cable n纜索
◆concrete n.混泥土
◆suspend? v.懸掛
◆length???? n.根，段
◆estimate? v.估計(jì)
◆immensity?? n.巨大
◆capacity? n.承受量
◆elegant?? adj.優(yōu)美別致的
◆faintly??? adv.微細(xì)地
★suspension n. 懸，吊
suspension bridge 吊橋
suspend: 懸掛
Eg.: The light issuspended from the ceiling.
暫停
Eg.: The train wassuspended because of the heavy rain.
suspense: n. 擔(dān)心，掛念，懸念
Eg.: The wonderfulfilm give me a deep impression because of its suspense.
He didn’t tell usthe truth in cap to me in suspense all day.
suspenders 吊襪帶
★agreeable adj. 宜人的
Today is agreeable.
agreeablesituation
His house is in aagreeable situation.
★situation n. 地點(diǎn)，地方
location
situate v.
locate v.
Beijing is locatedin the North of China.
Japan is locatedto the East of China.
is located to...
★locate v. 位于
★immortal adj. 永生的，流芳百世的
★Brooklyn n. 布魯克林（紐約一區(qū)名）
★Staten n. 斯塔頓（島）
★span n. 跨度
★cable n 纜索
★concrete n. 混泥土
★suspend v. 懸掛
★length n. 根，段
★estimate v. 估計(jì)
underestimate 低估
overestimate 高估
Eg.: At a roughestimate, the car is worth 500 thousand RMB.
estimation n. 判斷
in my estimation
★immensity n. 巨大
★capacity n. 承受量
Are you clearabout the capacity of the cinema?
做某事的能力
have a capacityfor doing sth.
have a capacity todo
ability成功地做到了
We have ability tofinish the work in two days.
capability內(nèi)在的潛力
have capability todo
have capability ofdoing
Any chile hascapability of learning a foreign launguge well.
Any chile hascapability to learn a foreign launguge well.
faculty 側(cè)重于“主觀的能力”
the faculty ofseeing
the faculty ofhearing
competence 勝任工作的能力、資格
I have competencefor the job.
★elegant adj. 優(yōu)美別致的
The lady iselegant.
graceful: 強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)人的體型
elegant:? 還表示人的舉止很得體，大方
delicate: 精致的
★faintly adv. 微細(xì)地
【Text】
§Lesson 17 The longest suspension bridge in
the world 世界上最長(zhǎng)的吊橋
Q: How is thebridge supported?
Verrazano, anItalian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 andnamed it Angouleme. He described it as 'a very agreeable situation locatedwithin two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.' Though Verrazanois by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remainimmortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the greatest bridge in the world wasnamed after him.
The VerrazanoBridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island.It has a span of 4260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earthhad to be taken into account by its designer. Two great towers support fourhuge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms made of steeland concrete. The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea.These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, thetowers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from whichthe bridge has been suspended. Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengthsof wire. It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, itwould still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. However, size andstrength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite itsimmensity, it is both simple and elegant, fulfilling its designer's dream tocreate 'an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible'.
【課文講解】
L17-01?end? 12’46”
L17-02? begin?10’54”
sailed into.. ----句子的主干
aboutwhom----Italian
describe sth. as 把......描繪成......，認(rèn)為......
常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有：see, view,?look upon, recoginze, regard, treat, accept
Eg.: I shoulddescribe the attempt as a failure.
His mother regardshim as genius.
I accept his wordsas true.
located within two
small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river 位于兩座小山之間，一條大河滔滔流過(guò)。
? located...是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾situation;
? in the midst of which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，which指two small hills。句子結(jié)構(gòu)要倒裝（flowed 在a great
river之前）
in the midst of, 在......之中。
? in the midst of two small hills flowed agreat river
? A great river flowed in the middle of the twohills.
in the middle ofthe night == at midnight
in the middle ofthe winter
in the middle ofthe summer
I like the villagelocated within two small hills.
Eg.:? 我們來(lái)到了一個(gè)農(nóng)莊，在這個(gè)農(nóng)莊的前面有一座大山。
We arrived at a
farm house. in front of which is a mountain. 動(dòng)詞位于主語(yǔ)之前
though / although
/ even though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
用了though, although 不能使用but, yet可以用——強(qiáng)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
by no means 決不，絕對(duì)不 （加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣）
E.: It is by no
means pleasant to take a crowded bus.乘坐一輛擁擠的公交車(chē)無(wú)論如何不是一件令人高興的事。
not by any means
not at all
He isn’t satisfiedwith a job at all.
in no way
in no case
in no sense
in nocircumstances
remain immortal
be named after
be named for
take one’s namefrom
L17-02? end?10’54”
L17-03? begin?11’08”
a span of: 跨度，橋長(zhǎng)
take into account
/ take into consideration / take account of 考慮到
Eg.: We have totake the date into account when we have the meeting.
support : hold up 支撐
extend 延伸，伸展
a railway extendsto the next city
extend to a depth
of 深度
extend to a length
of 長(zhǎng)度
extend to a width
of 寬度
rise to 上升的高度
which指代先行詞cables
It has been
estimated / expected that…據(jù)估計(jì)
It is said
It is reported
It has beenestimated / expected
be packed with... 作“擠滿(mǎn)......; 裝滿(mǎn)......”解
were? 虛擬語(yǔ)氣
carry 承載
a third 三分之一
immensity----size
despite==in spiteof
fulfilling: 分詞做狀語(yǔ)表結(jié)果
The bus was heldup by the snowstorm, causing the delay.
her husband diedin1970, leaving her with two children.
At last he passed
his examination, fulfilling his dream to go abroad. 他終于通過(guò)了這次考試，實(shí)現(xiàn)了出國(guó)的夢(mèng)想（現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示一種主動(dòng)的概念。）
【Special difficulties】P80
He is by no means
considered to be a great explorer.(ll.4-5) 動(dòng)詞不定式（compare
ISD 84）(對(duì)比第二冊(cè)第84課難點(diǎn))
Instead of saying:I find that he is quite unsuitable for the job.
We can say: I findhim to be quite unsuitable for the job.
find sb. to be 好多動(dòng)詞后面既可以跟賓語(yǔ)從句，又可以和動(dòng)詞不定式to 搭配連用，其意義無(wú)差別。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞如下：
believe, consider,find, declare, feel, know, suppose, think, presume, estimate, understand
Eg.: I considerthat he is the best candidate.
I consider him tobe the best coadidate.
We estimated thatthis picture is worth at least 500 pounds.
We estimated thispicture to be worth at least 500 pounds.
L17-03? end?11’08”
L17-04 begin?9’55”
【Multiple choice questions】P80
Comprehension
1? Verrazano’s name will probably remainimmortal because _____ .
a. it was after hediscovered New York Harbour that a bridge was built
b. he named theriver that the new bridge crosses
c. he was anexplored of considerable means
d. it has beengiven to the world’s longest suspension bridge
1. D
the longestsuspension bridge was named after Verrazaro.
2? The Verrazano Bridge was built with so wide aspan because _____ .
a. it had to covera wide stretch of water
b. of the unusualshape of the earth around Brooklyn and Staten Island
c. the water thatlies between Brooklyn and Staten Island is very deep
d. the number ofwires in each cable is so great
2. A
a wide stretch of
water 連續(xù)不斷的水域
3? In designing the Verrazano Bridge, OthmarAmmann _____ .
a. had to accountfor the curvature of the earth’s surface
b. spent over ayear building the platforms that form the bridge’s base
c. had to considerthe number of vehicles that might cross the bridge as much as possible.
d. wished toreduce the size of the bridge as much as possible
3．A
The bridge is solong that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer.
account for 考慮
take account of /take into account
curvature 彎曲度
Structure
4? He described it _____ situated. (ll.2-3)
a. as being veryagreably??????? b. was very agreeable tobe
c. very agreeablyhaving been??? d. very agreeably as being
describe sth. as
4. A
situatied 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞接受agreeably的限定
5? The Verrazano Bridge, _____ the design ofOthmar Ammann. (l.8)
a. is??? b. was???c. were??? d. has been
5．A
6? The length of the bridge is _____ the shae ofthe earth. (ll.9-10)
a. so that??? b. such that??? c. that which??? d. thus
6. B
強(qiáng)調(diào)橋梁的長(zhǎng)度就是如此，所以地球的形狀被考慮
such that
7? The towers are built on _____ which are sunkbeneath the water. (ll.0-11)
a. ferro-concreteimmense platforms?????????????? b.immense made offerro-concrete latforms
c. and made offerro-concrete immense latforms???? d.imense ferro-concrete platforms
重點(diǎn)突出platforms
7. D
不能用連接詞and
immense adj. 描述性形容詞用于物質(zhì)名詞的前面
8? Even if the bridge were packed with cars, itcould still _____ three times the load. (ll.14-15)
a. becarrying??? b. be able to carry??? c. only carry??? d. carry
tho load: thetotal capacity
can 不能與be able to 搭配連用
can +動(dòng)詞原形，表示一般的能力
8．D
Vocabulary
9? ‘a(chǎn) very agreeable situation with two smallhills lying _____ .’ (ll.3-4)
a. on eitherside??? b. on every side??? c. besides??? d. side by side
9．A
either表示兩者中的每一方的
He sat in the carwith a policeman on either side of him.
on either side ofthe street
either adj. 修飾名詞的單數(shù)形式
both adj. 修飾名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
every adj. 用于三者或三者以上，all
in every direction/ in all directions
side by side 肩并肩的，并排
The two bottlesstood sid by side on the table.
walk side by side
10? The Verrazano Bridge _____ Brooklyn withStaten Island. (l.8)
a. attaches??? b. unifies??? c. links???d. relates
10. C
link with / jointo
attach to 把......牢牢地系上
She attached acheck to the order form.
relate to (with) 表示在......之間建立聯(lián)系
I can’t relate whatyou say happened with what I saw.
11? A bridge which is hung from cables is knownas a _____ bridge. (ll.12-13)
a. susended??? b. suspense??? c. susension??? d. suspender
11. C
suspension bridge 吊橋
suspended 推遲的，延期的
The judge gave him
a suspended sentence. 法官判了他緩刑。
suspense 擔(dān)心，不安，懸念
The competitors inthe beauty contest were kept in suspense waiting for the result.
suspender 吊索，吊襪帶
12? If the bridge were loaded with as many carsas it could _____, it would still…(ll.14-5)
a. sustain??? b.endure???c. receive?? d. take
12．D
take 容納，裝載
The tank will takeabout twelve gallons.
sustain 支撐，承受住
I don’t think thisfloor will sustain the weight of the grand piano.
endure 經(jīng)受，承受痛苦、苦難
receive 收到
§Lesson 18 Electric currents in modern art 現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)中的電流
【New words and expressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)
◆current?? n.電流
◆sculpture n.雕塑
◆mistaken adj.錯(cuò)誤的
◆gallery??? n.美術(shù)館
◆exhibit??? n.展品，陳列品
◆oddly adv.古怪的
◆attach v.連，系
◆sphere??? n.球體
◆magnetize??? v.使磁化
◆repel? v.排斥
◆flicker??? v.閃爍
◆emit?? v.放射
◆flash? v.閃光
◆prehistoric ?? adj. 史前的，老掉牙的
◆electronic??? adj.電子的
◆peculiar? adj.奇異的
◆shock v.令人震驚，刺激人
◆emotionally? adv. 感情上
★current n. 電流
current n. the
flow of electricity 電流
?????????? a continuous movement of water水流
??????? adj.目前的，現(xiàn)在的；current affairs 時(shí)事
currency n. 流通（貨幣）
currently adv. 普遍地，通常地，現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)前
★sculpture n. 雕塑
sculptural adj. 雕刻的，雕刻般的
sculptor n. 雕刻家
★mistaken adj. 錯(cuò)誤的
mistaken adj.incorrect; wrong; misunderstood
Eg.: The teacherhas mistaken opinion of his pupil. He doesn’t use simple plain language and heis often mistaken.
make a mistake /
by mistake 弄錯(cuò)了
He took myumbrella by mistake.
and no mistake 確實(shí)如此(口語(yǔ))
Eg: He is honestand no mistake.
mistake vt.
mistake sb. for 把某人誤認(rèn)為
Eg.: Yesterday, Imistook him for my classmate.
★gallery n. 美術(shù)館
★exhibit n. 展品，陳列品
exhibit: show inpublic
exhibition n. 展覽會(huì)
Eg.: Yesterday wewent to an exhibition to visit exhibits.
★oddly adv. 古怪的
oddly: strangely
odd adj. 古怪的
strange adj. 因?yàn)槟吧婀值?/p>
queer adj.奇特的
Eg.: Look, he iswearing a queer hat.
fantastic adj.奇妙的
eccentric adj.怪癖的；He is an eccentric person.
★attach v. 連，系
attach vt. 系，拴，粘上，貼上
attach to
Eg.; he attachedthe lamb to a tree.
attach to sb. for
sth. 因?yàn)槟呈露?.....加在某人身上
Eg.: We didn’tattach blame to him for his failure.
attach importance
to sth. 對(duì)某事非常重視
Eg.: We attachimportance to education.
be attached to
sth. 喜歡，喜愛(ài)
Eg.: I’m veryattached to her.
attachment n. 固定，愛(ài)慕，友情，附著
★sphere n. 球體
★magnetize v. 使磁化
magnetized vt.
Eg.: The iron wasmagnetized.
He speechmagnetized the listeners.
★repel v. 排斥
repel vt.: todrive back; cause feelings of dislike
Eg.: the differentsexes attract each other and the same sexes repel on the contrary.
Let me go at once,
you repel me. 讓我走，你真讓我惡心。
★flicker v. 閃爍
★flash v. 閃光
flicker v. shineunsteadily
flash v. shine fora moment
★emit v.放射
emit v. give off
emit sound / emitsmell / emit light / emit heat / emit smoke
L18-01? end?9’38”
L18-02 begin? 9’53”
★prehistoric adj. 史前的，老掉牙的
peculiar adj.strange and unusual
Eg.: The food haspeculiar taste.
I’m feeling ratherpeculiar.
★electronic adj. 電子的
◆peculiar?adj.奇異的
peculiar adj.stange and unusual
Eg.: The food haspeculiar taste.
I’m feeling ratherpeculiar.
◆shock v.令人震驚，刺激人
get shocked 受震動(dòng)
At the news, hegot shocked.
shock n. 震驚；get a big shock
◆emotionally adv. 感情上
emotional adj. 易激動(dòng)的，情緒的，感情脆弱的
Eg.: I think youagree with me, women are often said to be more emotional than men.
反義詞unemotional
emotion: n. 感情：
Eg.: love,hatred,and grief are emotions.
feeling n. 某時(shí)的內(nèi)心感受
Eg. : I can’tdescribe my feeling now.
emotive adj.引起情緒反應(yīng)的
The word home ismore emotive than house.
emotionally;emotional; unemotional; emotive; emotion; feeling
【Text】
§Lesson 18 Electric currents in modern art 現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)中的電流
Q: How might someof the exhibits have been dangerous?
Modern sculpturerarely surprises us any more. The idea that modern art can only be seen inmuseums is mistaken. Even people who take no interest in art cannot have failedto notice examples of modern sculpture on display in public places. Strangeforms stand in gardens, and outside buildings and shops. We have got quite usedto them. Some so-called 'modern' pieces have been on display for nearly fiftyyears.
In spite of this,some people--in-cluding myself--were surprised by a recent exhibition of modernsculpture. The first thing I saw when I entered the art gallery was a noticewhich said: 'Do not touch the exhibits. Some of them are dangerous!' Theobjects on display were pieces of moving sculpture. Oddly shaped forms that aresuspended from the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quitefamiliar to everybody. These objects, however, were different. Lined up againstthe wall, there were long thin wires attached to metal spheres. The spheres hadbeen magnetized and attracted or repelled each other all the time. In thecentre of the hall, there were a number of tall structures which containedcoloured lights. These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights whichhave gone mad. Sparks were emitted from small black boxes and red lamps flashedon and off angrily. It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronicequipment. These Peculiar forms not only seemed designed to shock peopleemotionally, but to give them electric shocks as well!
【課文講解】
rarely: seldom
We are notsurprised at moden sculpture...
that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，修飾限定the idea的內(nèi)容。
Eg. : The ideathat one can learn English well in English-speaking countryes is mistaken.
重點(diǎn)句式結(jié)構(gòu)
who take no
interest in art 修飾說(shuō)明people
take interest in 對(duì)......感興趣
take delight in 對(duì)......感到高興
take pride in 對(duì)...... 感到驕傲
show interest in 顯示對(duì)......的興趣
cannot; failed to 雙重否定意味著肯定；加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣
he must havepassed his examination last week.
He cannot havefailed to pass hsi examination last week.
You must keep yourpromise.
You can’t fail tokeep your promise.
On display / onshow
We can seesculptures everywhere.
用夸張的口吻表明事實(shí)
in spite of this 盡管如此
作者表明了自己的觀點(diǎn)
重點(diǎn)句型
The first thing I sawwhen I entered the art gallery was a notice which said:
The first thing...was a notice which said...
定語(yǔ)從句省略that
The sculpture canmove
Oddly...
Oddly shaped formsthat are suspended from the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind arequite familiar to everybody.
Oddly...that...
that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)限定shaped forms
are ...familiar
to...謂語(yǔ)
句子主干：Oddly shaped forms are familiar toeverybody
that 定語(yǔ)從句中：in response to / in reaction to 作為對(duì)......的反應(yīng)
be familiar to sb.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)很熟悉
Eg.: The house is familiarto him.
I don’t reallyremember where I have seen him before, but he looks very familiar to me.
be familiar with 熟悉，熟知
Eg.: Are youfamiliar with the play of Shakespeare?
I ‘m familiar withthat book too.
be familiar to sb./ be familiar with sth.
lined up 過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)，與long thin wires 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系
attached to metak
spheres 過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)，修飾long thin wires
定語(yǔ)從句
there were longthin wires that were attached to metal spheres.
ther center of the
hall 展廳的中央
coloured lights 彩色燈泡
continuously adv. 不停止的
ga mad 發(fā)瘋，發(fā)狂? run mad
Eg. : he must havegone mad to do such a thing.
on and off:continuously
Eg: It has been rainingon and off since noon.
It was rather
like===It was more like 看起來(lái)更像
Key structure
...not only seemeddesigned to do sth.
not only... but... as well
seem 系動(dòng)詞+名詞/形容詞/分詞
Key structure
介詞（IKS94）(參見(jiàn)第二冊(cè)第94課關(guān)鍵句型
Exercise
Supply the missingwords in the folowing sentences . Do not refer to the passage until you finishthe exercise.
1? Even people who take no interest _____ artcannot have failed to notice examples of modern sculpture _____ display inpublic places.
2? We have got quite used _____ them.
3? Oddly shaped forms that are suspended _____the ceiling and move _____ response _____ a gust of wind are quite familiar_____ everybody.
4? There were long thin wires attached _____metal spheres.
Key: 1. in / on;?? 2. to???? 3. from / in / to?? 4. to
Spelling inSpecial difficulties
以元音加y結(jié)尾的名詞，加s時(shí)，y不做任何改變；動(dòng)詞也是如此
day—days??? way—ways???enjoy—enjoys??? buy—buys
以輔音加y結(jié)尾的詞，加s 時(shí)，y 改作-ies
lady—ladies??? berry—berries??? reply—replies
【Multiple choice questions】
Comprehension
1? Modern sculpture rarely surrises us any morebeause _____ .
a. even if not inmuseums, we see it in and around other public places
b. despitepeople’s lack of interest in art, it is ut on display
c. people not onlydisplay it in their houses but in their gardens also
d. museums havebeen exhibiting if for nearly eighty years
1. A
2? What surprised the writer when he visited arecent exhibition of modern sculpture?
a. The fact thatpeople were forbidden to touch the exhibits.
b. The oddlyshaped forms that were susended from the ceiling.
c. The way inwhich electrical energy was used to produce mobile effects.
d. The prehistoricelectronic equipment used to activate the exhibits.
2. C
3? The pieces of sculptureon display at theexhibition were _____ .
a. noticed becausethey were dangerous
b. either hung onwires or built into the middle of the hall
c. flickeringcontinuously with different coloured lights
d. such that onecould not pass them unnoticed though it seemed wiser to pass them untouched
3. D
one could not passthem unnoticed
can not pass sth.unnoticed
The dress is sobeautiful that I can’t pass it unnotied.
Structure
4----‘modern’ieces _____ on display nearly eighty years ago. (ll.6-7)
a. have been??? b. are first??? c. were first??? d. had been
4. C
eighty years ago
5? The first thing I saw _____ to the artgallery…(l.9)
a. on myarrival??? b. on entering??? c. at the entrance??? d. having arrived
5. C
at theentrance????????? arriveal in / at
6? The notice prohibited people _____ theexhibits. (ll/9-10)
a. to touch??? b. from touching??? c. touching??? d. not to touch
prohibit : 阻止、禁止? prohibit sbfrom doing sth重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)法律或條例明文禁止forbit sb. to do sth.
6. C
7? The sheres had been magnetized _____attracted or reelled each other… (l.13)
a. so thatthey??? b. so they were???c. so as they had??? d. in order that they
so that表示目的和結(jié)果
7．A
8? These peculiar forms _____ to shock peopleemotionally and to … (ll.17-18)
a. both seemeddesigned???????? b. seemed bothdesigned???
c. seemed bothdesigned and???? d. seemed designed both
both...and
8. D
Vocabulary
9? ----forms that are susended from the ceilingand move _____ are … (ll.10-11)
a. at one blow??? b. all of a sudden??? c. with a light touch??? d. at the slightest breath
9. D
at one blow 強(qiáng)調(diào)一次重?fù)?/p>
all of a
sudden--->suddenly 突然，出乎意料地
with a light touch以輕松愉快的格調(diào)
10? Small black boxes _____ sparks … (l.15)
a. gave off??? b. sent by??? c. gave over??? d. throw off
gave off
10. A
11? There were a number of tall structures _____in different colours. (l.14)
a.enlightened??? b. illuminated??? c. alighted??? d. burning
11. B
illuminate: 照亮
alighted vi. 下來(lái)，下車(chē)
形容詞相當(dāng)于burning
12? These peculiar forms not only seemed _____ toshock people … (ll.17-18)
a. drawn??? b. planned??? c. intended??? d. created
12. C
The book isdesigned / intended for English learners.
be intended for
draw:畫(huà)draw a picture??支取
