一 xml數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)

<data info="student">
    <name>小明</name>
    <age>18</age>
    <gender>男</gender>
</data>

上述就是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的xml數(shù)據(jù)，這里有幾個(gè)概念，包括：

根元素 <data>
子元素 <name><age>…
標(biāo)簽 帶<>都是標(biāo)簽<data>是開始標(biāo)簽，</data>是結(jié)束標(biāo)簽
屬性 開始標(biāo)簽中有其它信息的是屬性如data標(biāo)簽中的info
文本 被開始標(biāo)簽和結(jié)束標(biāo)簽包含的是文本，如小明

二 入門實(shí)驗(yàn)代碼

    #try:  #采用底層為c的庫(kù)，速度快，內(nèi)存占用小
    import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET
    #except ImportError:
    #import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
    
    #doc = ET.parse('test.xml')
    # 打開xml文檔
    doc = ET.ElementTree(file='test.xml')
    root = doc.getroot()
    print(root.tag)
    print( root.attrib)
    print("study1")
    for child_of_root in root:
        print(child_of_root.tag,child_of_root.attrib,child_of_root.text)
    print("study2")
    print(root[0].tag, root[0].text)
    print("study3")
    for elem in doc.iter():
        print(elem.tag, elem.attrib)
    print("study4")
    for elem in doc.iter(tag="branch"):
        print(elem.tag, elem.attrib)
    print("study5")
    # 查詢
    for elem in doc.iterfind('branch/sub-branch'):
        print(elem.tag, elem.attrib)
    print("study6")
    for elem in doc.iterfind('branch[@name="release01"]'):
        print(elem.tag, elem.attrib)
    print("study7")
    # 若key存在則是修改，否則為添加屬性
    root[0].set('name', 'Apple3')
    print(root[0].attrib)
    # 刪除屬性
    del root[0].attrib['name']
    print(root[0].attrib)
    for subelem in root:
        print(subelem.tag, subelem.attrib)
    print("study8")
    # 將修改寫入xml文檔
    doc.write('test.xml')
    print("write ok")

三 實(shí)驗(yàn)輸出結(jié)果

doc
{}
study1
branch {'foo': 'bar', 'hash': '1cdf045c', 'name2': 'Apple2'} 
    text,source
  
branch {'hash': 'f200013e', 'name': 'release01'} 
    
branch {'name': 'invalid'} 
  
study2
branch 
    text,source
  
study3
doc {}
branch {'foo': 'bar', 'hash': '1cdf045c', 'name2': 'Apple2'}
branch {'hash': 'f200013e', 'name': 'release01'}
sub-branch {'name': 'subrelease01'}
branch {'name': 'invalid'}
study4
branch {'foo': 'bar', 'hash': '1cdf045c', 'name2': 'Apple2'}
branch {'hash': 'f200013e', 'name': 'release01'}
branch {'name': 'invalid'}
study5
sub-branch {'name': 'subrelease01'}
study6
branch {'hash': 'f200013e', 'name': 'release01'}
study7
{'foo': 'bar', 'hash': '1cdf045c', 'name2': 'Apple2', 'name': 'Apple3'}
{'foo': 'bar', 'hash': '1cdf045c', 'name2': 'Apple2'}
branch {'foo': 'bar', 'hash': '1cdf045c', 'name2': 'Apple2'}
branch {'hash': 'f200013e', 'name': 'release01'}
branch {'name': 'invalid'}
study8
ok

四 參考網(wǎng)址：

1.  https://blog.csdn.net/wklken/article/details/7603071?utm_source=blogxgwz7
2.  https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30549657/article/details/98340427